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Colorectal cancer in Arab world:A systematic review

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第11期13卷 1791-1798页

作者： Nahed A Makhlouf Muhammad Abdel-Gawad Aya M Mahros Sameh A Lashen Mariam Zaghloul Ahmed eliwa eman e elshemy Zainab Ali-eldin Doaa Abdeltawab Fathiya el-Raey Dalia Omran Marwa Khalaf Nancy Fanous Ahmed Shawkat Abdelmohsen Ahmed Abu-elfatth Mohamed Abdelghani Mahmoud Farouk Mohamed Abdelaziz Mohamed Alboraie Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt Department of Hepatology Gastroenterologyand Infectious DiseasesAl-Azhar UniversityAssiut 71631Egypt Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Infectious DiseasesKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh 33656Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Alexandria UniversityAlexandria 21521Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Al-Azhar UniversityCairo 11884Egypt Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Al-Azhar UniversityCairo 11651Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Ain Shams UniversityCairo 11646Egypt Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Infectious diseases Faculty of MedicineAl-Azhar UniversityDamietta 34511CairoEgypt Department of endemic Medicine Cairo UniversityCairo 12613Egypt Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Assiut Liver CenterAssiut 71511Egypt Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndoscopyPolice Authority HospitalCairo 12654Egypt Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Al-Azhar UniversityCairo 11824Egypt

BACKGROUND The incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)is increasing among young individuals in the Arab world as well as in other regions of the *** To explore the incidence and prevalence of CRC in the Arab *** The PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,eBSCO and Wiley databases were searched to retrieve relevant articles irrespective of the language or the publication *** search terms were("colon OR rectum OR sigmoid OR rectal OR colonic OR colorectal")AND("cancer OR malignancy OR malignant OR neoplasm")AND("Jordan"OR"United Arab emirates"OR"Bahrain"OR"Tunisia"OR"Algeria"OR"Djibouti"OR"Saudi Arabia"OR"Sudan"OR"Syria"OR"Somalia"OR"Iraq"OR"Oman"OR"Palestine"OR"Qatar"OR"Comoros"OR"Kuwait"OR"Lebanon"OR"Libya"OR"egypt"OR"Morocco"OR"Mauritania"OR"Yemen").Reviews,metaanalyses,and articles containing nonoriginal data were *** articles were screened,and relevant data were *** statistics were used for data *** Nine studies were *** of the studies provided information regarding the prevalence of *** prevalence of CRC was 0.72% in Saudi Arabia and 0.78% in the United Arab emirate,while in egypt,it ranged from 0.4% to 14%.Four studies showed information regarding the *** annual incidence rate of CRC in Qatar was 7.5/100000/*** egypt,the crude incidence rate(CIR)in males was 3.1 for colon cancer and 1 for rectal cancer,while in females,it was 2.3 for colon cancer and 0.8 for rectal *** age-standardized rate for CRC incidence in 2003 was 36.90 for males,26.50 for females,and 30.49 for both sexes in Saudi *** 2016,the CIRs in Saudi Arabia were 3.6 and 2.1 in females for colon cancer and rectal cancer,respectively,while in males,it was 3.3 and 2.8 for colon cancer and rectal cancer,*** study in egypt revealed that 25% of CRC cases occurred among individuals younger than 40 years *** There is a considerable prevalence of CRC in some Arab *** studies are n

关键词： Colorectal cancer Incidence Prevalence Arab world

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Responses of Annual Variability of Vegetation NPP to Climate Variables Using Satellite Techniques in Gadarif State, Sudan

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2024年第2期16卷 136-147页

作者： Anwar Mohamedelhassan Bo Zhang Abdelrahim e. Jahelnabi eman M. elhassan Faculty of Geography and environmental Sciences Northwest Normal University Lanzhou China Faculty of Agriculture University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Faculty of Agriculture Omdurman Islamic University Omdurman Sudan

Plants play an essential role in matter and energy transformations and are key messengers in the carbon and energy cycle. Net primary productivity (NPP) reflects the capability of plants to transform solar energy into photosynthesis. It is very sensible for factors affecting on vegetation variability such as climate, soils, plant characteristics and human activities. So, it can be used as an indicator of actual and potential trend of vegetation. In this study we used the actual NPP which was derived from MODIS to assess the response of NPP to climate variables in Gadarif State, from 2000 to 2010. The correlations between NPP and climate variables (temperature and precipitation) are calculated using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient and ordinary least squares regression. The main results show the following 1) the correlation Coefficient between NPP and mean annual temperature is Somewhat negative for Feshaga, Rahd, Gadarif and Galabat areas and weakly negative in Faw area;2) the correlation Coefficient between NPP and annual total precipitation is weakly negative in Faw, Rahd and Galabat areas and somewhat negative in Galabat and Rahd areas. This study demonstrated that the correlation analysis between NPP and climate variables (precipitation and temperature) gives reliably result of NPP responses to climate variables that is clearly in a very large scale of study area.

关键词： Climate Variables MODIS NPP Climate Change Correlation Coefficient Gadarif State Remote Sensing GIS Applications

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Optimization of Cooperative RelayingMolecular Communications for Nanomedical Applications

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1259-1275页

作者： eman S.Attia Ashraf A.M.Khalaf Fathi e.Abd el-Samie Saied M.Abd el-atty Konstantinos A.Lizos Osama Alfarraj Heba M.el-Hoseny Department of electrical engineering Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMinia61111Egypt Department of electronics and electrical Communications engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Department of Informatics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of Oslo(UiO)OsloNorway Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Department of Computer science The Higher Future Institute for Specialized Technological StudiesEl ShoroukEgypt

Recently,nano-systems based on molecular communications via diffusion(MCvD)have been implemented in a variety of nanomedical applications,most notably in targeted drug delivery system(TDDS)***,because the MCvD is unreliable and there exists molecular noise and inter symbol interference(ISI),cooperative nano-relays can acquire the reliability for drug delivery to targeted diseased cells,especially if the separation distance between the nano transmitter and nano receiver is *** this work,we propose an approach for optimizing the performance of the nano system using cooperative molecular communications with a nano relay scheme,while accounting for blood flow effects in terms of drift *** fractions of the molecular drug that should be allocated to the nano transmitter and nano relay positioning are computed using a collaborative optimization problem solved by theModified Central Force Optimization(MCFO)*** the previous work,the probability of bit error is expressed in a closed-form *** is used as an objective function to determine the optimal velocity of the drug molecules and the detection threshold at the nano *** simulation results show that the probability of bit error can be dramatically reduced by optimizing the drift velocity,detection threshold,location of the nano-relay in the proposed nano system,and molecular drug budget.

关键词： Nanomedical system molecular communication cooperative relay optimization

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erratum to “Plant Defense against Necrotrophic Pathogens” [American Journal of Plant Sciences 11(12) (2020) 2122-2138]

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 122-138页

作者： Mahmoud H. Ghozlan Nikita Gambhir eman eL-Argawy Serkan Tokgöz Dilip K. Lakshman Amitava Mitra University of Nebraska Lincoln NE USA USDA-ARS Beltsville MD USA

The original online version of this article (Ghozlan, M.H., eL-Argawy, e., Tokgöz, S., Lakshman, D.K. and Mitra, A. (2020) Plant Defense against Necrotrophic Pathogens. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 11, 2122-2138. https://***/10.4236/ajps.2020.1112149) was published mistakenly without another co-author, Nikita Gambhir. In this regard, we revise authors and “how to cite” sections by adding her name.

关键词： effectors Host Immunity Signaling P/MAMP eTI Disease Resistance

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entanglement and Sudden Death for a Two-Mode Radiation Field Two Atoms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1227-1236页

作者： eman M.A.Hilal e.M.Khalil S.A.bdel-Khalek Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif CitySaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohagEgypt

The effect of the field–field interaction on a cavity containing two qubit(TQ)interacting with a two mode of electromagnetic field as parametric amplifier type is *** performing an appropriate transformation,the constants of motion are *** the Schrödinger differential equation a system of differential equations was obtained,and the general solution was obtained in the case of exact *** statistical quantities were calculated and discussed in detail to describe the features of this *** collapses and revivals phenomena have been discussed in *** Shannon information entropy has been applied for measuring the degree of entanglement(De)between the qubits and the electromagnetic *** normal squeezing for some values of the parameter of the field–field interaction is *** results showed that the collapses disappeared after the field–field terms were added and the maximum values of normal squeezing decrease when increasing of the field–field interaction *** the revivals and amplitudes of the oscillations increase when the parameter of the field–field interaction *** of entanglement is partially more entangled with increasing of the field-field interaction *** relationship between revivals,collapses and the degree of entanglement(Shannon information entropy)was monitored and discussed in the presence and absence of the field–field interaction.

关键词： Field-field interaction su(1,1)Lie group degree of entanglement normal squeezing

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Monocyte/Macrophage-Mediated Innate Immunity in HIV-1 Infection:From early Response to Late Dysregulation and Links to Cardiovascular Diseases Onset

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第4期36卷 565-576页

作者： eman Teer Danzil e.Joseph Richard H.Glashoff M.Faadiel essop Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa(CARMA) Department of Physiological SciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch 7600South Africa Division of Medical Microbiology&Immunology Department of PathologyStellenbosch University and NHLSCape Town 7505South Africa

Although monocytes and macrophages are key mediators of the innate immune system,the focus has largely been on the role of the adaptive immune system in the context of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)*** more attention and research work regarding the innate immune system-especially the role of monocytes and macrophages during early HIV-1 infection-is *** monocytes and tissue macrophages are both susceptible targets of HIV-1 infection,and the early host response can determine whether the nature of the infection becomes pathogenic or *** example,monocytes and macrophages can contribute to the HIV reservoir and viral persistence,and influence the initiation/extension of immune activation and chronic *** the expansion of monocyte subsets(classical,intermediate and non-classical)provide an increased understanding of the crucial role they play in terms of chronic inflammation and also by increasing the risk of coagulation during HIV-1 *** review discusses the role of monocytes and macrophages during HIV-1 pathogenesis,starting from the early response to late dysregulation that occurs as a result of persistent immune activation and chronic *** changes are also linked to downstream targets such as increased coagulation and the onset of cardiovascular diseases.

关键词： Monocytes Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) Persistent immune activation Coagulation Cardiovascular diseases(CVD)

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Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation attenuates experimentally induced brain injury after neonatal hypoxia by different two routes of administrations

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BIOCeLL 2019年第1期43卷 21-28页

作者： Nesrine eBRAHIM eman eHSAN eman Abd eL GHANY Dina SABRY Ashraf SHAMAA Histology and Cell Biology Department Faculty of MedicineBenha UniversityBenhaEgypt Pediatrics Department Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityGizaEgypt Medical Biochemistry and molecular biology Department Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityGizaEgypt Surgical and Radiology Department Faculty of Veterinary MedicineCairo UniversityGizaEgypt

The neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIe)is an important cause of neurological morbidity and mortality in *** therapy is considered a promising method for treating severe neurological disorders such as this *** cells have the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into certain cell *** present study was aimed to find out the most beneficial route of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)administration for the attenuation of experimentally induced HIe in neonatal *** neonatal rats were divided randomly into four *** 1:control *** 2:rats were exposed to bilateral ligation of cephalic *** 3:rats were exposed to bilateral ligation of cephalic arteries and then underwent intravenous(IV)BMSC *** 4:rats were exposed to bilateral ligation of cephalic arteries and then underwent intracerebroventricular(ICV)BMSC *** animals were evaluated by(a)neurobehavioral tests;(b)histopathology,i.e.,histological and immuno-histochemical studies;and(3)gene expression *** BMSC treated groups(3 and 4)showed improvement in neurobehavioral tests,histopathological studies,and gene expression,as compared to non-injected lesioned rats(Group 2)with better improvement in Group 4(ICV injections)than in Group 3(IV injections).

关键词： Cerebral cortex Neonatal hypoxic ischemia Stem cells

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expansion of GARP-expressing CD4^(+)CD25^(-)FoxP3^(+)T Cells and SATB1Association with Activation and Coagulation in Immune Compromised HIV-1-Infected Individuals in South Africa

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第5期36卷 1133-1143页

作者： eman Teer Danzil e.Joseph Leanne Dominick Richard H.Glashoff M.Faadiel essop Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa(CARMA) Department of Physiological SciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch 7600South Africa Division of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department of PathologyStellenbosch University and NHLSCape Town 7505South Africa

Although antiretroviral treatment lowers the burden of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-related disease,it does not always result in immunological *** manifests as persistent chronic inflammation,immune activation or exhaustion that can promote the onset of *** the exact function of regulatory T(Treg)cells in HIV remains unclear,this cross-sectional study investigated three expression markers(Forkhead box protein P3[FOXP3],glycoprotein A repetitions predominant[GARP],special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1[SATB1])and compared their expansion between CD4^(+)CD25^(-)and CD4^(+)CD25^(++)T ***-matched study subjects were recruited(Western Cape,South Africa)and sub-divided:HIV-negative subjects(n=12),HIV-positive na(i|")ve treated(n=22),HIV-positive treated based on CD4 count cells/μL(CD4>500 and CD4eated based on viral load(VL)copies/mL(VL1000)(n=34).Markers of immune activation(CD38)and coagulation(CD142)on T cells(CD8)were assessed by flow cytometry together with FOXP3,GARP and SATB1 expression on CD4^(+)CD25^(-)and CD4^(+)CD25^(++)T *** levels of interleukin-10(IL-10;anti-inflammatory marker),IL-6(inflammatory marker)and D-dimer(coagulation marker)were *** study revealed three major findings in immuno-compromised patients with virological failure(CD41000):(1)the expansion of the unconventional Treg cell subset(CD4^(+)CD25^(-)FOXP3^(+))is linked with disease progression markers;(2)increased GARP expression in the CD4^(+)CD25^(-)and CD4^(+)CD25^(++)subsets;and(3)the identification of a strong link between CD4^(+)CD25^(-)SATB1+cells and markers of immune activation(CD8^(+)CD38^(+))and coagulation(CD8^(+)CD142^(+)and D-dimer).

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) Regulatory T cells(Treg) Immune activation Progression markers Glycoprotein A repetitions predominant(GARP) Forkhead box protein P3(FOXP3)

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Preventive effects of cannabis on neurotoxic and hepatotoxic activities of malathion in rat

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第4期11卷 272-279页

作者： Omar M.e.Abdel-Salam Amany A Sleem eman R Youness Fatma A.Morsy Department of Toxicology and Narcotics National Research Centre Department of Pharmacology National Research Centre Department of Medical Biochemistry National Research Centre Department of Pathology National Research Centre

Objective: To investigate the effect of Cannabis sativa extract on the development of neuroand hepato-toxicity caused by malathion injection in rats. Methods: The extract of Cannabis sativa was obtained from the plant resin by chloroform treatment. Δ~9-Tetrahydrocannabinol content of the extract(20%) was quantified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The doses of cannabis extract were expressed as Δ~9-tetrahydrocannabinol content of 10 or 20 mg/kg. Malathion(150 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered followed after 30 min by the cannabis extract(10 or 20 mg/kg, subcutaneously). Rats were euthanized 4 h later. Malondialdehyde(MDA), reduced glutathione(GSH), nitric oxide and paraoxonase-1(PON-1) activity were determined in brain and liver. Brain 5-lipoxygenase and butyrylcholinesterase(BChe) activity were measured as well. Histopathological examination of brain and liver tissue was also performed. Results: Compared to controls, malathion resulted in increased oxidative stress in brain and liver. MDA and nitric oxide concentrations were significantly increased(Pecreased with respect to control levels(Ped PON-1 and BChe activities but had no effect on brain 5-lipoxygenase. Brain MDA concentrations were not altered by cannabis treatment. Cannabis at 20 mg/kg, however, caused significant increase in nitric oxide and restored the GSH and PON-1 activity. Brain BChe activity significantly decreased by 26.1%(Per treatment with 10 mg/kg cannabis. Cannabis showed no effect on brain 5-lipoxygenase. On the other hand, rats treated with cannabis exhibited significantly higher levels of liver MDA, nitric oxide and PON-1 activity compared with the malathion control group. Rats treated with only malathion exhibited spongiform changes, neuronal damage in the cerebral cortex and degeneration of some Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. There were also hepatic vacuolar degeneration and dilated an

关键词： Cannabis sativa Malathion Liver damage Brain damage Oxidative stress Paraoxonase 5-Lipoxygenase

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Neuroprotection by misoprostol against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in rat brain

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第1期11卷 40-47页

作者： Omar M.e.Abdel-Salam Amany A Sleem eman R Youness Nadia A Mohammed enayat A Omara Department of Toxicology and Narcotics National Research Centre Department of Pharmacology National Research Centre Department of Medical Biochemistry National Research Centre Department of Pathology National Research Centre

Objective: To investigate the effect of the prostaglandin e1 analogue misoprostol on oxidative stress and neurodegeration caused by subcutaneous rotenone administration in rats. Methods:Rotenone was administered in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg every other day for 2 weeks. Starting from the 1 st day of rotenone injection, rats were subcutaneously treated with misoprostol at doses of10, 100 or 1 000 μg/kg. Rats were evaluated for brain lipid peroxidation(malondialdehyde:MDA), reduced glutathione(GSH), nitric oxide(NO) levels, and paraoxonase-1(PON-1) *** concentrations of the anti-apoptotic protein B cell/lymphoma-2(Bcl-2) were determined in the striatum. Histopathologic examination and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in the cerebral cortex and striatum were also performed. Results: Compared with the vehicle-treated group, rotenone caused a significant increase in brain lipid proxidation(MDA)by 61%(Ped by an increase in NO by 73.1%(Pecrease in GSH concentration by 29.4%(Pecreased by63.0%(Pecreased by 27.9%(Pespect to the corresponding control value. Brain sections from rotenone treated rats showed extensive dark pyknotic and apoptotic nuclei in neurons, shrunken cytoplasm and perineuronal *** also caused pronounced expression of iNOS in the cerebral cortex and *** with misoprostol at doses of 100 and 1 000 μg/kg resulted in decreased brain MDA(by 16.5%-23.0%)(Pevels(by 37.1%-40.7%)(Peased GSH concentrations(by 18.8%-30.1%)(Peased by80.0%-114.8%(Pespectively. In addition,misoprostol treatment restored striatal Bcl-2 concentrations to its normal value. Misoprostol treatment resulted in markedly reduced brain injury and decreased iNOS expression in the cereb

关键词： Misoprostol Rotenone Brain oxidative stress B cell/lymphoma-2 Paraoxonase

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