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Dietary supplementation of zinc oxide modulates intestinal functionality during the post-weaning period in clinically healthy piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 313-328页

作者： Dirkjan Schokker Soumya K.Kar els.Willems Alex Bossers Ruud A.Dekker Alfons J.M.Jansman Wageningen Bioveterinary Research LelystadThe Netherlands Wageningen Livestock Research Wageningen University&ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Royal Agrifirm Group ApeldoornThe Netherlands Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands

Background To improve our understanding of host and intestinal microbiome interaction,this research investigated the effects of a high-level zinc oxide in the diet as model intervention on the intestinal microbiome and small intestinal functionality in clinically healthy post-weaning *** study 1,piglets received either a high concentration of zinc(Zn)as zinc oxide(Zn O,Zn,2,690 mg/kg)or a low Zn concentration(100 mg/kg)in the diet during the post weaning period(d 14–23).The effects on the piglet's small intestinal microbiome and functionality of intestinal tissue were *** study 2,the impact of timing of the dietary zinc intervention was investigated,i.e.,between d 0–14 and/or d 14–23 post weaning,and the consecutive effects on the piglet's intestinal functionality,here referring to microbiota composition and diversity and gene expression *** Differences in the small intestinal functionality were observed during the post weaning period between piglets receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content.A shift in the microbiota composition in the small intestine was observed that could be characterized as a non-pathological change,where mainly the commensals *** the immediate post weaning period,i.e.,d 0–14,the highest number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in intestinal tissue were observed between animals receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content,i.e.,23 DEGs in jejunal tissue and 11 DEGs in ileal *** genes are involved in biological processes related to immunity and inflammatory *** example,genes CD59 and REG3G were downregulated in the animals receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O content compared to low Zn O content in both jejunum and ileum *** the second study,a similar result was obtained regarding the expression of genes in intestinal tissue related to immune pathways when comparing piglets receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O con

关键词： Immune system Intestinal functionality Microbiota Piglets Zinc oxide

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A tribo-chemical view on astringency of plant-based food substances

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Friction 2024年第7期12卷 1392-1407页

作者： Samuel S.GAMANIEL Paloma S.DUEÑAS ROBLES Hans TROMP els.H.A.de HOOG Sissi de BEER Emile van der HEIDE Laboratory for Surface Technology and Tribology Faculty of Engineering TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschede 7522 LWthe Netherlands NIZO Food Research B.V. Ede6710 BAthe Netherlands Department of Molecules and Materials MESA+Institute for Nanotechnology University of TwenteEnschede 7500 AEthe Netherlands

Consumption of plant-based food products having high composition of polyphenols leads to the sensation of *** sliding oral surfaces,friction is an essential property during the oral perception of roughness and dryness which are attributes associated with *** factors including the chemical composition of interacting layers,structure and operation of interfaces have an effect on the astringency development *** manner of interactions occurring at oral interfaces suggest there is a system dependence of astringency and highlights the importance of adopting a tribosystems *** measurement techniques have shown an existing relationship between salivary protein-polyphenol interaction and an astringent ***,the tribo-chemistry involved in this multifaceted sensation remains largely unexplored in a comprehensive *** this review the underlying tribo-chemical processes useful in understanding the mechanism of astringency are highlighted and discussed considering current techniques employed to investigate astringency *** of lubrication on oral surfaces owing to the tribo-chemical interactions involving saliva and astringent plant proteins requires subsequent deformations of oral tissues which are significant enough to induce strains at mechanoreceptor locations,leading to the sensation of *** is proposed that micro-scale contact modelling on the interaction of food particles/aggregates,boundary layers and oral surfaces shows potential in addressing the knowledge gap between tribo-chemical measurement techniques and panel tests,making it possible to attain a predictor for astringency.

关键词： oral lubrication astringency tribo-chemistry tribology

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Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1559-1568页

作者： Astrid E.J.OGILVIE Leslie A.KING Noel KEENLYSIDE François COUNILLON Brynhildur DAVIÐSDÓTTIR Níels.EINARSSON Sergey GULEV Ke FAN Torben KOENIGK James R.MCGOODWIN Marianne H.RASMUSSON Shuting YANG Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research(INSTAAR) University of ColoradoBoulder CO 80303USA Stefansson Arctic Institute AkureyriÍS-600Iceland Royal Roads University BC V9B 5Y2Canada University of Bergen Bergen N-5007Norway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre Bergen N-5007Norway University of Iceland Reykjavík 102Iceland Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Moscow 117218Russia Moscow State University Moscow 11991Russia Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100045China Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute SE-60176 NorrköpingSweden Danish Meteorological Institute CopenhagenØ2100Denmark Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS119017MoscowRussia

This paper celebrates Professor Yongqi GAO's significant achievement in the field of interdisciplinary studies within the context of his final research project Arctic Climate Predictions: Pathways to Resilient Sustainable Societies-ARCPATH(https://***/en/projects/finished-projects/arcpath). The disciplines represented in the project are related to climatology, anthropology, marine biology, economics, and the broad spectrum of social-ecological studies. Team members were drawn from the Nordic countries, Russia, China, the United States, and Canada. The project was transdisciplinary as well as interdisciplinary as it included collaboration with local knowledge holders. ARCPATH made significant contributions to Arctic research through an improved understanding of the mechanisms that drive climate variability in the Arctic. In tandem with this research, a combination of historical investigations and social, economic, and marine biological fieldwork was carried out for the project study areas of Iceland, Greenland, Norway, and the surrounding seas, with a focus on the joint use of ocean and sea-ice data as well as social-ecological drivers. ARCPATH was able to provide an improved framework for predicting the near-term variation of Arctic climate on spatial scales relevant to society, as well as evaluating possible related changes in socioeconomic realms. In summary, through the integration of information from several different disciplines and research approaches, ARCPATH served to create new and valuable knowledge on crucial issues, thus providing new pathways to action for Arctic communities.

关键词： Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

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Toxin variation among salamander populations:discussing potential causes and future directions

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第3期16卷 336-353页

作者： Gilles DE MEESTER EminaŠUNJE els.PRINSEN Erik VERBRUGGEN Raoul VANDAMME Department of Biology Functional Morphology GroupUniversity of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium Department of Biology Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of SarajevoSarajevoBosnia-Hercegovina Herpetological Association in Bosnia and Herzegovina:BHHU:ATRA SarajevoBosnia-Hercegovina Department of Biology ImpressUniversity of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium Department of Biology Plant and EcosystemsUniversity of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium

Amphibians produce defensive chemicals which provide protection against both predators and *** species,populations can differ considerably in the composition and amount of these chemical *** intraspecific variation in toxins and linking it to environmental variables may help us to identify the selective drivers of toxin evolution,such as predation pressure and infection ***,there has been a renewed interest in the unique toxins produced by salamanders from the genus Salamandra:the *** this attention,intraspecific variation has largely been ignored within *** aim of this study was to investigate whether geographic variation in profiles of samandarines exists,by sampling 4 populations of Salamandra atra over its range in the Dinaric *** addition,we preliminary explored whether potential variation could be explained by predation(counting the number of snake species)and infection risk(cultivation and genomic analyses of collected soil samples).Salamanders from the 4 populations differed in toxin composition and in the size of their poison glands,although not in overall toxin *** predation nor infection risk could explain this variation,as populations barely differed in these *** over a much broader geographic range,using better estimators for predation and infection risk,will contribute to an improved understanding of how environment may shape variation in chemical ***,as the 4 populations of *** did differ in their toxin profiles,we propose that this species provides an interesting opportunity for further ecological and evolutionary studies on amphibian toxins.

关键词： amphibian toxins geographic variation poison glands Salamandra atra samandarines

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Ferritin acts as a target site for the snowdrop lectin （GNA） in the midgut of the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis

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Insect Science 2008年第6期15卷 513-519页

作者： Amin Sadeghi Guy Smagghe Paul Proost els.J.M. Van Damme Laboratory of Agrozoology Department of Crop Protection Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology Department of Molecular Biotechnology Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Ghent Rega Institute Laboratory of Molecular Immunology Kathofieke Universiteit Leuven Minderbroedersstraat 10 B-3000 Leuven Belgium

The snowdrop lectin GNA （Galanthus nivalis agglutinin） has been shown to possess insecticidal activity to a range of economically important insect pests. However, the precise mechanism of insecticidal action of GNA against insects remains unknown. In this investigation, we attempted to purify and identify receptor（s） responsible for binding of GNA in the larval midgut of a major lepidopteran pest （the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis） to better understand its mode of action. Therefore, cytoplasmic as well as membrane proteins from 800 larval midguts were chromatographed on a column with immobilized GNA. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of the proteins eluted from the GNA column followed by sequencing of the GNA-binding proteins and BLAST analyses revealed that the N-terminal sequences of a 24 kDa polypeptide purified from the cytoplasmic and membrane protein fraction revealed sequence similarity to sequences encoding heavy chain homologs of ferritin from Manduca sexta （76% sequence identity）, Calpodes ethlius （80% sequence identity） and Bombyx mori （61% sequence identity）. Furthermore, the N-terminal sequence of a 31 kDa polypeptide from the membrane protein fraction showed sequence similarity to a light chain homolog of ferritin from Manduca sexta （88% sequence identity）.

关键词： ferritin Galanthus nivalis agglutinin GNA Lepidoptera midgut receptors Spodoptera littoralis

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RNAi of the N-glycosylation-related genes confirms their importance in insect development and α-1,6-fucosyltransferase plays a role in the ecdysis event for the hemimetabolous pest insect Nilaparvata lugens

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Insect Science 2022年第1期29卷 91-99页

作者： Qun Yang Kristof De Schutter Pengyu Chen els.J.M.Van Damme Guy Smagghe Laboratory of Agrozoology Department of Plants and CropsFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure links 653Ghent9000Belgium Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure links 653Ghent9000Belgium

Recently N-glycosylation was found to be required for the postembryonic development and metamorphosis of the holometabolous beetle Tribolium castaneum. However, the role of N-glycosylation in the development of hemimetabolous insects is unknown. To further elucidate the role of N-glycosylation in the development of insects, a functional characterization of the N-glycosylation-related genes (NGRGs) was performed in a model insect for hemimetabolous development, namely the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens. In this project, we report the effects of RNAi-mediated silencing of 15 NGRGs on the postembryonic development of N. lugens. Two major observations were made. First, interruption of the early steps of N-glycan processing led to a lethal phenotype during the transition from nymph to adult as was observed in T. castaneum. Second, we report here on an essential function for the α-1,6-fucosyl transferase in the ecdysis event of N. lugens between nymphal instars, since gene-silencing by RNAi led to failure of ecdysis and subsequent mortality of the treated insect.

关键词： development glycosylation Nilaparvata lugens N-glycan postembryonic RNA interference

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Binding of Orysata lectin induces an immune response in insect cells

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Insect Science 2022年第3期29卷 717-729页

作者： Pengyu Chen Kristof De Schutter Jarne Pauwels.Kris Gevaert els.J.M.Van Damme Guy Smagghe Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Plants and CropsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of BiotechnologyGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology GhentBelgium

In mammals,plant lectinshave been shown to possess immunomodulatory properties,acting in both the innate and adaptive immune system to modulate the production of mediators of the immune response,ultimately improving host *** present,knowledge of immunomodulatory effects of plant lectins in insects is *** of insect cells with the Orysa sativa lectin,Orysata,was previously reported to induce cell aggregation,mimicking the immune process of *** this project we investigated the potential immunomodulatory effects of this mannose-binding lectin using Drosophila melanogaster S2 *** of the Orysata binding partners on the surface of S2 cells through a pull-down assay andproteomic analysis revealed 221 putative interactors,several of which were immunity-related *** qPCR analysis revealed the upregulation of Toll-and immune deficiency(IMD)-regulated antimicrobial peptides(Drs,Mtk,AttA,and Dpt)and signal transducers(Rel and Hid)belonging to the IMD *** addition,the iron-binding protein Transferrin 3 was identified as a putative interactor for Orysata,and treatment of S2 cells with Orysata was shown to reduce the intracellular iron *** together,we believe these results offer a new perspective on the effects by which plant lectins influence insect cells and contribute to the study of their immunomodulatory properties.

关键词： cell culture immune response iron uptake Orysata plant lectin pull-down

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核糖体失活蛋白及其在黄瓜中的表达分析（英文）

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生物化学与生物物理进展 2017年第10期44卷 929-941页

作者：党刘毅 Pierre Rougé els.JM Van Damme Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology Department of Molecular Biotechnology Ghent University Ghent Belgium UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV Universitd de Toulouse Toulouse France

核糖体失活蛋白是一类具有高度特异性r RNA N-糖苷酶活性的蛋白,它们能够使原核或真核细胞的核糖体失活因而具有细胞毒性.由于其独特的生物学性质,核糖体失活蛋白被认为在农业和医学中都有着巨大的应用潜力.我们之前的研究表明,黄瓜的... 详细信息

核糖体失活蛋白是一类具有高度特异性r RNA N-糖苷酶活性的蛋白,它们能够使原核或真核细胞的核糖体失活因而具有细胞毒性.由于其独特的生物学性质,核糖体失活蛋白被认为在农业和医学中都有着巨大的应用潜力.我们之前的研究表明,黄瓜的基因组中共包含2个2类核糖体失活蛋白基因,分别命名为Cumsa AB1和Cumsa AB2.以蓖麻毒蛋白Ricin为代表,2类核糖体失活蛋白通常由2条二硫键连接的肽链组成:具有N-糖苷酶活性的A链与具有凝集素活性的B链.本文研究了黄瓜中核糖体失活蛋白的表达情况.亚细胞定位研究表明Cumsa AB1经过蛋白分泌通路表达于细胞外,这与蛋白质序列分析显示的Cumsa AB1包含一个信号肽而不含转膜区域相一致.对黄瓜的不同生长阶段的不同组织中的转录水平分析表明,Cumsa AB1在大部分组织中以极低的水平表达,而Cumsa AB2表达水平则明显更高,尤其在第一片真叶阶段和刚开花的植物中.最后,我们使用分子模拟对黄瓜中核糖体失活蛋白的结构及糖结合位点进行了分析.本研究对黄瓜中核糖体失活蛋白的亚细胞定位、表达水平和可能的蛋白质结构进行了研究,为其进一步的生物学功能研究提供了重要信息.

关键词：凝集素核糖体失活蛋白亚细胞定位表达分析

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Research-by-design framework for integrating education and research in an intercultural parallel design studio

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2019年第3期8卷 406-414页

作者： Oswald Devisch els.Hannes Tu Anh Trinh Maria Leus Jo Berben Dang The Hien Faculty of Architecture and Arts Hasselt UniversityDiepenbeek 3590Belgium School of Architecture Ton Due Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam

Intercultural student exchange can positively impact education,research,and ***-by-design has been put forward in design education as an approach to explicitly address the integration of education and *** problem is that design schools develop their own interpretation of this approach,which brings difficulty in virtually comparing and learning from the generated design *** case is evident in intercultural parallel design studios that deal with diverging socio-cultural and institutional *** addressing this problem and maximizing the benefits of intercultural exchange,this study proposes to adopt a meta perspective and use the design as co-evolution model as a framework for analyzing and comparing design data generated by different research-by-design *** study applies this meta perspective on an intercultural architectural design studio jointly organized by Ton Due Thang University(Vietnam)and Hasselt University(Belgium).

关键词： North-South cooperation Research-by-design Design as co-evolution

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抗欧亚活血丹凝集素特异性多克隆抗体的制备(英文)

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生物化学与生物物理进展 2006年第11期33卷 1113-1119页

作者：王卫芳 VAN DAMME els.何朝族清华大学深圳研究生院生命学部 Department of Molecular Biotechnology Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Gent 9000 Belgium

欧亚活血丹外源凝集素(Gleheda)是分离自欧亚活血丹 (Glechoma hederacea) 叶片中的一种糖基化植物新蛋白. 如同其他糖基化蛋白,通过免疫学方法探测 Gleheda 的过程中通常受到一些不相干糖蛋白的妨碍,为此制定了抗 Gleheda 特异性多克... 详细信息

欧亚活血丹外源凝集素(Gleheda)是分离自欧亚活血丹 (Glechoma hederacea) 叶片中的一种糖基化植物新蛋白. 如同其他糖基化蛋白,通过免疫学方法探测 Gleheda 的过程中通常受到一些不相干糖蛋白的妨碍,为此制定了抗 Gleheda 特异性多克隆抗体的纯化方案. 免疫血清蛋白经硫酸铵选择性沉淀后,分别以 Gleheda 和刺槐外源凝集蛋白 (RPA) 结合在 Sepharose 4B作为亲和配体,采用亲和层析法连续纯化 2 次,然后进一步采用离子交换层析 Q Fast Flow 提纯. 经每一步骤提纯得到的抗体组分对 Gleheda 的特异性,均同时采用双向免疫扩散检验和 Western blot 分析. 结果表明,以 Gleheda 为配体,亲和纯化制备得到的抗体组分对叶片粗提物中的许多植物 (糖) 蛋白仍然表现交叉反应. 为除去由植物糖蛋白中的聚糖所引起这些非特异性交叉反应抗体,接着以 RPA 为配体再次进行亲和纯化,Western blot 分析显示,抗体的特异性得到提高但并非除去了所有非特异性交叉反应的抗体. 最后进一步采用离子交换层析制备得到仅抗 Gleheda 蛋白的特异性抗体组分,此抗体组分适用于免疫探测研究. 该抗体纯化制备程序简易而高效,而且不需要昂贵的设备.

关键词：特异性多克隆抗体抗体制备欧亚活血丹外源凝集素(Gleheda)

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