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When nets meet environmental DNA metabarcoding:integrative approach to unveil invertebrate community patterns of hypersaline lakes

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第4期41卷 1331-1340页

作者： Matthew A.CAMPBELL Alex LAINI Nicole E.white Morten E.ALLENTOFT Mattia SACCÒ Trace and Environmental DNA(TrEnD)Laboratory School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin UniversityPerth 6102WAAustralia Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of TurinTurin 10124Italy Subterranean Research and Groundwater Ecology(SuRGE)Group Trace and Environmental DNA(TrEnD)LaboratorySchool of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin UniversityPerth 6102WAAustralia Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre Globe InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen 1353Denmark

Saline and hypersaline wetlands account for almost half of the volume of inland water *** provide pivotal habitat for a vast range of species,including crucial ecosystem services for humans such as carbon sink storage and extractive resource *** their importance,effective ecological assessment is in its infancy compared to current conventional surveys carried out in freshwater *** integration of environmental DNA(eDNA)analysis and traditional techniques has the potential to transform biomonitoring processes,particularly in remote and understudied saline *** this context,this preliminary study aims to explore the potential of eDNA coupled with conventional approaches by targeting five hypersaline lakes at Rottnest Island(Wadjemup)in Western *** focused on the invertebrate community,a widely accepted key ecological indicator to assess the conservational status in rivers and *** combination of metabarcoding with morphology-based taxonomic analysis described 16 taxa belonging to the orders Anostraca,Diptera,Isopoda,and ***-based diversity assessment revealed more taxa at higher taxonomic resolution than the morphology-based taxonomic ***,certain taxa(i.e.,Ephydridae,Stratyiomidae,Ceratopogonidae)were only identified via net ***,our results indicate that great potential resides in combining conventional net-based surveys with novel eDNA approaches in saline and hypersaline ***,urgent and effective conservational frameworks are required to contrast the enormous pressure that these ecosystems are increasingly *** investigations at larger spatial temporal scales will allow consolidation of robust,reliable,and affordable biomonitoring frameworks in the underexplored world of saline wetlands.

关键词： macroinvertebrate hypersaline e nvironmental DNA(eDNA) conservation ecological survey community composition

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Evaluation of alternative surface runoff accounting procedures using SWAT model

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第3期8卷 54-68页

作者： Haw Yen Michael J.white Jaehak Jeong Mazdak Arabi Jeffrey G.Arnold Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort Coll insColorado 80523USA Blackland Research&Extension Center Texas A&M Agrilife ResearchTempleTexas 76502USA Grassland Soil&Water Research LaboratoryUSDA-ARSTempleTexas 76502USA

For surface runoff estimation in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model,the curve number(CN)procedure is commonly adopted to calculate surface runoff by dynamically updating CN values based on antecedent soil moisture condition(SCSI)in *** SWAT2005 and onward,an alternative approach has become available to apply the CN method by relating the runoff potential to daily evapotranspiration(SCSII).While improved runoff prediction with SCSII has been reported in several case studies,few investigations have been made on its influence to water quality output or on the model uncertainty associated with the SCSII *** objectives of the research were:(1)to quantify the improvements in hydrologic and water quality predictions obtained through different surface runoff estimation techniques;and(2)to examine how model uncertainty is affected by combining different surface runoff estimation techniques within SWAT using Bayesian model averaging(BMA).Applications of BMA provide an alternative approach to investigate the nature of structural uncertainty associated with both CN *** showed that SCSII and BMA associated approaches exhibit improved performance in both discharge and total NO3 predictions compared to *** addition,the application of BMA has a positive effect on finding well performed solutions in the multi-dimensional parameter space,but the predictive uncertainty is not evidently reduced or ***,we recommend additional future SWAT calibration/validation research with an emphasis on the impact of SCSII on the prediction of other pollutants.

关键词： Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT),curve number method,Bayesian model averaging,uncertainty analysis hydrology,water quality

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Long—term sustainability of groundwater resources： an approach using integrated hydrogeological and economic models

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Episodes 2003年第2期26卷 119-123页

作者： byP.A.white Y-S.Hong R.R.Reeves InstituteofGeological&NuclearSciences PrivateBag2000TaupoNewZealand

Groundwater is an important but under-utilised water resource. Its use is growing. Approaches to the management of groundwater are evolving, with sustainability as the current approach in New Zealand, and other countries. Models of aquifer geometry, geology, groundwater flow, and groundwater quality are developed from observed data. These models are integrated using an economic model of groundwater use and groundwater quality to predict the total economic value of groundwater. This approach to modelling the sustainability of groundwater is demonstrated for the Delta Zone of the groundwater system in the Waimea Plains, Nelson, New Zealand. Four scenarios of use are investigated;actual, allocated, two-times allocated and five-times allocated. It is predicted that the economic value of irrigation from groundwater in the zone is $2 million with actual and allocated water usage. With use of two-times allocated, the economic value of irrigation from groundwater is $3.5 million. The Waimea River is predicted to be dry for at least one week in a dry year with this scenario. The economic value of irrigation from groundwater is -$1.3 million with water use of five times irrigation. This economic loss is due to land being taken out of production because of saltwater intrusion, and the costs of moving a water supply system caused by predicted saltwater intrusion. This research provides key information to assist the water management agency in setting allocation limits for groundwater resources.

关键词：地下水水源成因长期持续性水文地质学经济模型水质

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Conditional inversion to estimate parameters from eddy-flux observations

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2009年第2期2卷 55-68页

作者： Xiaowen Wu Yiqi Luo Ensheng Weng Luther white Yong Ma Xuhui Zhou Department of Botany and Microbiology University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA Department of Mathematics University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA

Aims Data assimilation is a useful tool to extract information from large datasets of the net ecosystem exchange(NEE)of CO_(2) obtained by eddy-flux ***,the number of parameters in ecosystem models that can be constrained by eddy-flux data is limited by conventional inverse analysis that estimates parameter values based on one-time *** study aimed to improve data assimilation to increase the number of constrained *** In this study,we developed conditional Bayesian inversion to maximize the number of parameters to be constrained by NEE data in several *** each step,we conducted a Bayesian inversion to constrain *** maximum likelihood estimates of the constrained parameters were then used as prior to fix parameter values in the next step of *** conditional inversion was repeated until there were no more parameters that could be further *** applied the conditional inversion to hourly NEE data from Harvard Forest with a physiologically based ecosystem *** Findings Results showed that the conventional inversion method constrained 6 of 16 parameters in the model while the conditional inversion method constrained 13 parameters after six *** cost function that indicates mismatch between the modeled and observed data decreased with each step of conditional Bayesian *** Bayesian information criterion also decreased,suggesting reduced information loss with each step of conditional Bayesian inversion.A wavelet analysis reflected that model performance under conditional Bayesian inversion was better than that under conventional inversion at multiple time scales,except for seasonal and half-yearly *** addition,our analysis also demonstrated that parameter convergence in a subsequent step of the conditional inversion depended on correlations with the parameters constrained in a previous ***,the conditional Bayesian inversion substantially increased the number

关键词： Bayesian inversion data assimilation eddy covariance Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)method Metropolis–Hastings algorithm net ecosystem exchange(NEE) optimization,parameter estimation

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Evaluation of current surgeon practice for patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion surgery in the United Kingdom

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第6期6卷 483-490页

作者： Alison Rushton Louise white Alison Heap Nicola Heneghan School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Queen Elizabeth Hospital Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre

AIM: To ascertain current surgeon practice in the United Kingdom National Health Service for the management of patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion surgery. METHODS: Descriptive survey methodology utilised an online questionnaire administered through SurveyMonkey. Eligible participants were all surgeons currently carrying out lumbar spinal fusion surgery in the National Health Service. Two previous surveys and a recent systematic review informed questions. Statistical analyses included responder characteristics and pre-planned descriptive analyses. Open question data were interpreted using thematic ***: The response rate was 73.8%. Most surgeons(84%) were orthopaedic surgeons. Range of surgeon experience(1-15 years), number of operations performed in the previous 12 mo(4-250), and range of information used to predict outcome was broad. There was some consistency of practice: most patients were seen preoperatively; all surgeons ensured patients are mobile within 3 d of surgery; and there was agreement for the value of post-operative physiotherapy. However, there was considerable variability of practice: variability of protocols, duration of hospital stay, use of discharge criteria, frequency and timing of outpatient follow up, use of written patient information and outcome measures. Much variability was explained through patient-centred care, for example, 62% surgeons tailored functional advice to individual patients. CONCLUSION: Current United Kingdom surgeon practice for lumbar spinal fusion is described. The surgical procedure and patient population is diverse, and it is therefore understandable that management varies. It is evident that care should be patient-centred. However with high costs and documented patient dissatisfactionit is important that further research evaluates optimal management.

关键词： Lumbar spinal fusion Spinal surgery Surgeon practice Management Fusion

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Gaseous Nitrogen Losses from Coastal Acid Sulfate Soils:A Short-Term Study

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Pedosphere 2011年第2期21卷 197-206页

作者： B.C.T.MACDONALD O.T.DENMEAD I.white G.BYRANT CSIRO Land and Water CanberraACT 2601 (Australia) The Fenner School of Environment and Society Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 0200 (Australia) University of Wollongong WollongongNSW 2500 (Australia)

NOx and N2O emissions from coastal acid sulfate soils （CASS） cultivated for sugarcane production were investigated on the coastal lowlands of northern New South Wales, Australia. Two series of short-term measurements were made using chambers and micrometeorological techniques. Series i occurred during the wet season, the water-filled pore space （WFPS） was between 60%-80% and the site flooded during the measurements. Measurements were made directly after the harvest of soybean crop, which fixed an estimated 100 kg N ha-1, and the emission amounted to 3.2 kg NOx-N ha-1 （12 d） and 1.8 kg N20-N ha-1 （5 d）. Series 2 was made towards the end of the dry season when the WFPS was less than 60%. In Series 2-1 after an application of 50 kg N ha-1, emissions were markedly less, amounting to 0.9 kg N ha 1 over 10 d. During both series when the soil was moist, emissions of NOx were larger than those of N2O. The emission of NOx appeared to be haphazard, with little time dependence, but there was a clear diurnal cycle for N2O, emphasising the need for continuous measurement procedures for both gases. These results suggest that agricultural production on CASS could be important sources of greenhouse gases and nitrogen practices will need to be optimised to reduce the offsite effects of atmospheric warming, acidification or nitrification. Many questions still remain unanswered such as the emissions during the soybean bean filling stage and crop residue decomposition, the longer-term losses following the fertiliser application and emissions from CASS under different land uses.

关键词： denitrification greenhouse gases nitrification nitrogen oxides nitrous oxide

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Templating core-shell particles using metal ion-chelating biosurfactants

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Particuology 2022年第5期20卷 145-152页

作者： Ching-Min Yeh Thomas Jarrett Yuan Gao Chun-Xia Zhao Andrew Whittaker Frank Sainsbury Alison L.white Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQueensland4072Australia ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of QueenslandSt Lucia4072Australia CSIRO Probing Biosystems Future Science Platform BrisbaneAustralia Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityBrisbaneQLD4111 Australia

Designer biosurfactants can be used to stabilise and functionalise *** particularly promising use is the stabilisation of oil-in-water emulsions,enabling fine tuning physical,chemical and biological surface *** ability of emulsion systems to carry high payloads makes them attractive for applications in medicine,food and fragrances,and ***,they have limited long-term *** we sought to use the metal ion-chelating ability of the biosurfactant peptide,AM1,to precipitate the formation of a gold metal shell on AM1-stabilised emulsions by electroless *** found that replacing the commonly used zinc(Ⅱ)with palladium(Ⅱ)for coordination by histidine residues of adjacent AM1 peptides produced interfacial films that maintained elasticity at acidic *** NMR suggested a coordination mechanism independent of the imidazole ring of the *** of emulsions at low pH enabled the deposition of a gold shell,albeit by an unexpected *** propose that gold nanoparticles forming in bulk are adsorbed onto the peptide-stabilised interface,accumulating into a particulate *** resulting one-step method for nanoparticle precipitation and shell formation will be useful for the creation of biocompatible core-shell particles for applications where large payloads of hydrophobic active compounds require stability over long time periods.

关键词： Biosurfactants Emulsion Core-shell particles Electroless plating Histidine Interfacial elasticity

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An Alternative Funding Model for Agribusiness Research in Canada

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第9期6卷 961-969页

作者： Adam Dale elliott Currie Department of Plant Agriculture University of Guelph Simcoe Research Station Simcoe Canada Department of Management University of Guelph Guelph Canada

Canadian governments have moved towards a matching funding model for agricultural research. Agricultural organizations can take advantage of this if Canadian Controlled Private Corporations are established to fund research through matching grants, tax credits and investments. A low risk options strategy is presented which uses index options and is a diagonal put spread where an in-the-money put is bought which expires in 1 to 2 years and out-of-the-money puts are sold which expire monthly. In summary, “A small Canadian Controlled Private Corporation can, for a $100,000 up front initial investment, generate at least $100,000 annually in research funding, in perpetuity”.

关键词： Tax Credits Index Options Research Funding Capital Gains Matching Funds

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看电影学英语年度合集

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作者：吴菲衡刘思岳 Marie white

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长江中下游成矿带成矿规律和成矿模式

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岩石学报 2017年第11期33卷 3353-3372页

作者：周涛发范裕王世伟 Noel C white 合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院合肥230009 合肥工业大学矿床成因与勘查技术研究中心合肥230009

长江中下游成矿带作为中国东部重要的成矿带之一,成矿地质条件、成矿规律和成矿模式的相关研究已经十分深入,形成了一系列公认的理论研究成果,本文重点论述了成矿带成矿地质条件和成矿规律方面研究的新进展,并在此基础上构筑了成矿带的... 详细信息

长江中下游成矿带作为中国东部重要的成矿带之一,成矿地质条件、成矿规律和成矿模式的相关研究已经十分深入,形成了一系列公认的理论研究成果,本文重点论述了成矿带成矿地质条件和成矿规律方面研究的新进展,并在此基础上构筑了成矿带的成矿模式。本文主要开展了以下总结工作:(1)将成矿带的构造要素突破以往按构造单元分解的做法,确立跨构造单元的"复合构造系统",结合成矿带成岩成矿作用特点,重新确定了长江中下游成矿带的范围,并对成矿亚带进行了重新划分;(2)收集汇总了长江中下游成矿带近年来国内外学者最新的成岩成矿年龄数据,总结了矿床时空分布规律;(3)从地质,地球物理和地球化学等方面,总结归纳了沿基底结合带复活的网状断裂系统,阐明了成矿带的控矿构造格架,分析了长江中下游成矿带的成因规律;(4)补充和完善了断隆区和断凹区的成矿模式,并初步构筑了长江中下游成矿带综合成矿模式。提出长江中下游成矿带内主体成岩成矿作用总体上分为走滑挤压阶段(146~135Ma)、走滑引张阶段(135~126Ma)和拉张伸展阶段(126~123Ma)等三个阶段,古太平洋板块作用导致的壳幔过程,引发含元古代弧岩浆岩源区活化和中生代的构造活化("双活化")是长江中下游成矿带形成的主要机制。

关键词：长江中下游成矿带成矿规律成矿模式成矿背景

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