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区块链技术赋能消费者参与：食品安全与消费者信任提升的新兴潘多拉效应？

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粮油食品科技 2024年

作者： Bianca roth 蔡娣斯图加特大学社会科学系德国联邦风险评估研究所风险沟通部国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院粮食质量安全研究所

目前，食品安全治理亟需采纳涵盖消费者参与的共治模式，以应对日益复杂的食品安全挑战。企业已经部署了基于区块链技术的去中心化食品追踪系统，这一创新举措旨在通过激发消费者的主动参与，显著增强他们对食品安全管理体系的信任度。... 详细信息

目前，食品安全治理亟需采纳涵盖消费者参与的共治模式，以应对日益复杂的食品安全挑战。企业已经部署了基于区块链技术的去中心化食品追踪系统，这一创新举措旨在通过激发消费者的主动参与，显著增强他们对食品安全管理体系的信任度。本论文综合社会科学、经济学以及食品安全治理领域的跨学科理论，深入探讨了影响消费者参与度和信任度的因素。此外，着重分析了区块链技术实施在加深消费者信任方面的潜力和影响。通过提出一个包含理论分析与实证研究的综合研究议程，以期为全球食品供应链中区块链技术的应用及其对消费者信任的影响提供更深入的理解。

关键词：食品安全消费者参与度区块链食品可追溯性信任

Evaluation of disease burden and symptom scores in patients with acute atrial fi brillation in the emergency department

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World j.urnal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第5期15卷 397-400页

作者： Nikola Schütz Dominik roth Michael Prinz Filippo Cacioppo Sebastian Schnaubelt Alexander O.Spiel Hans Domanovits Harald Herkner Department of Emergency Medicine Medical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Department of Emergency Medicine Clinic OttakringVienna 1160Austria

Atrial fibrillation(AF)is a maj.r public health problem and poses a substantial economic burden on healthcare systems worldwide.[1-4]The emergency department(ED)serves as the first point of contact with the healthcare system and plays a key role in the management of patients with AF,which accounts for 3%-10%of all hospital admissions.[5]Treatment plans are often discussed and initiated at the ED.

关键词： patients atrial acute

Leaching of lanthanide and yttrium from a Central Appalachian coal and the ashes obtained at 550-950℃

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j.urnal of Rare Earths 2022年第5期40卷 807-814,I0005页

作者： Ronghong Lin Yee Soong Bret H.Howard Murphy j.Keller elliot A.roth Ping Wang Evan j.Granite U.S.Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory626 Cochrans Mill RoadP.O.Box 10940PittsburghPA15236United States Keylogic Systems.Pittsburgh PA15236United States

In this work,we investigated leaching of lanthanide and yttrium(REY) from a Central Appalachian coal and its ashes obtained at 550-950℃ with the main purpose of understanding the impact of ashing temperature on REY leachability in water,ammonium sulfate,and hydrochloric *** is found that the coal contains a negligible amount of water-soluble REY,less than 1% ion-exchangeable REY,and about 28% of HCl-soluble *** leads to dramatic changes in REY leachability in both ammonium sulfate and hydrochloric acid solutions,which is believed to be related to transformation and redistribution of organically-associated REY in coal during the ashing *** temperature significantly affects REY leaching from coal ashes;higher ashing temperature results in lower REY leachability in both *** minerals may play a significant role in changing the leachability of REY after *** addition,the results also suggest that the organic matter in the coal is relatively enriched in heavy REY.

关键词： Acid leaching Cation exchange Coal Coal ash Rare earth elements Yttrium

靶向肌肉神经重建可预防和逆转神经离断后大鼠的疼痛行为

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中国疼痛医学杂志 2024年第2期30卷 81-84页

作者：胡军(译) 郑拥军(校) 复旦大学附属华东医院

靶向肌肉神经重建(targeted muscle reinnervation,TMR)技术是一种预防或减轻残肢痛的干预措施。与早期TMR相比,伤后较长时间TMR的效果较差。由于在TMR中控制断端神经疼痛缓解的机制尚不清楚,所以该研究使用了一个临床前模型作为机制研... 详细信息

靶向肌肉神经重建(targeted muscle reinnervation,TMR)技术是一种预防或减轻残肢痛的干预措施。与早期TMR相比,伤后较长时间TMR的效果较差。由于在TMR中控制断端神经疼痛缓解的机制尚不清楚,所以该研究使用了一个临床前模型作为机制研究的平台。在保留性神经损伤(spared nerve inj.ry,SNI)之后,大鼠接受TMR、单纯神经瘤切除术或损伤部位的假手术。干预措施在SNI后立即或延迟(3或12周)进行。疼痛行为通过对机械刺激(针、vonFrey和动态刷)和冷热刺激(丙酮和辐射热)的敏感性来衡量。SNI对所有机械刺激和寒冷产生超敏反应,并且在假手术后持续存在。SNI时行TMR可阻止大鼠疼痛行为的发生,3周后行TMR可使大鼠疼痛行为恢复至基础水平。相比之下,SNI术后3周行神经瘤切除术较TMR对痛觉过敏的改善更明显,但在术后12周时无明显效果。此模型中,在伤后3周内进行TMR可以减轻神经切断引起的疼痛表型,伤后12周延迟TMR未能缓解疼痛行为。该研究重现了截肢手术的临床经验,证明该模型用于研究TMR镇痛机制的有效性。

关键词：截肢手术肌肉神经机械刺激超敏反应冷热刺激辐射热 TMR 痛觉过敏

卒中存活者体力活动和锻炼建议：美国心脏协会／美国卒中协会针对医疗专业人员的声明

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国际脑血管病杂志 2014年第10期22卷 721-740页

作者： Sandra A. Billinger Ross Arena j.lie Bemhardt j.nice j. Eng Barry A. Franklin Cheryl Mortag j.hnson Marilyn MacKay-Lyons Richard F. Macko Gillian E. Mead elliot j. roth Marianne Shaughnessy Ada Tang 孙新亭张通不详中国康复研究中心北京100068

目的这份科学声明为卒中存活者的体力活动和锻炼建议提供了一份证据纵览。证据提示，卒中存活者会经历体力下降（physical deconditioning）并导致久坐的生活方式。因此，本更新版科学声明旨在为医务人员提供全面的指导，使其更好地理... 详细信息

目的这份科学声明为卒中存活者的体力活动和锻炼建议提供了一份证据纵览。证据提示，卒中存活者会经历体力下降（physical deconditioning）并导致久坐的生活方式。因此，本更新版科学声明旨在为医务人员提供全面的指导，使其更好地理解体力活动的益处，并为卒中存活者各个恢复阶段的锻炼方案提供推荐意见。方法写作组成员由美国心脏协会（American Heart Association，AHA）卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会和AHA手稿监督委员会任命。作者利用系统文献综述，参考公开发表的临床和流行病学研究、发病率和死亡率报告、临床与公共卫生指南、权威声明、个人文件以及专家意见，对现有的证据进行总结并指出目前的知识空白。结果卒中后体力活动不足非常普遍。大量证据明确支持对卒中存活者进行运动训练，包括有氧运动和力量训练。运动训练能改善功能能力、日常生活活动的执行能力以及生活质量，同时降低随后的心血管事件风险。卒中存活者的体力活动目标和锻炼方案需个体化制定以最大限度地增高长期依从性。结论写作组给出的推荐是，体力活动和锻炼方案应融入卒中存活者的治疗。卒中存活者体力活动的推动应强调低到中等强度的有氧活动、增强肌肉力量、减少久坐的生活方式以及对卒中二级预防的危险因素管理。

关键词： AHA科学声明有氧锻炼体力锻炼体力活动康复力量训练

Applying Methods from Differential Geometry to Devise Stable and Persistent Air Layers Attached to Obj.cts Immersed in Water

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j.urnal of Bionic Engineering 2009年第4期6卷 350-356页

作者： Wilfried Konrad Christian Apeltauer j.rg Frauendiener Wilhelm Barthlott Anita roth-Nebelsick Institute for Geosciences University of Tubingen D-72016 Tubingen Germany Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand Centre of Mathematics for Applications University of Oslo NO-0317 Oslo Norway Nees Institute for Biodiversity of Plants University of Bonn D-53115 Bonn Germany State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart Rosenstein 1 D-70191 Stuttgart Germany

We describe a few mathematical tools which allow to investigate whether air-water interfaces exist(under prescribed conditions)and are mechanically stable and temporally *** terms of physics,air-water interfaces are governed by the Young-Laplace *** they are surfaces of constant mean curvature which represent solutions of a nonlinear elliptic partial differential *** explicit solutions of this equation can be obtained only in very special cases,it is -under moderately special circumstances-possible to establish the existence of a solution without actually solving the differential *** also derive criteria for mechanical stability and temporal persistence of an air *** we calculate the lifetime of a non-persistent air ***,we apply these tools to two examples which exhibit the symmetries of 2D *** examples can be viewed as abstractions of the biological model represented by the aquatic fern Salvinia.

关键词： interfaces air layers differential geometry stability persistence Salvinia

Phenotypical Aspects of a Familial Syndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa

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Open j.urnal of Ophthalmology 2024年第2期14卷 168-173页

作者： Irma Eneida Dos Santos j.seph Matar Mass Ndiaye Mariama Diambone Badj. Alioune Abdoulaye Ndongo Gerauld Akpo j.an Pierre Diagne Gabriel Karold Mendy Mouhamed Attye Aboubacry Sadikh Sow Elhadj. Amadou Ba Paule Aida Ndoye roth Ophthalmology Department of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Pediatric Department of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Radiological Imaging Department of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Ophthalmology Department of Abass Ndao Hospital Dakar Senegal

Aim: To report a familial case of syndromic retinitis pigmentosa identified at Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Dakar and to describe their clinical characteristics ophthalmic. Observation: We report a sibling group of nine children, four died at a young age from unknown causes. Three children were affected by retinitis pigmentosa, two cases were syndromic. A history of nyctalopia was found in all three affected children. The mean age of onset of decreased visual acuity was 6.6 years. Patient 1 affected by syndromic retinitis pigmentosa had an extraocular sign of cystic dilation of the main bile duct. Patient 2 had myoclonic epilepsy, psychomotor retardation, and the molar tooth sign on cerebral MRI (highly suggestive of j.ubert syndrome). The third child had isolated retinitis pigmentosa. Ophthalmological examinations (fundus examination, electroretinogram, and visual evoked potentials) and pediatric examinations in the remaining two children were normal. Discussion and Conclusion: Retinitis pigmentosa is a rare degenerative disease that can be associated with several other malformations, highlighting the importance of screening for associated conditions. It presents a grim functional prognosis and a life prognosis dependent on extraocular manifestations. Molecular biology (karyotyping, next-generation sequencing) could have identified the implicated genes and allowed for a formal diagnosis and genetic counseling.

关键词： Retinitis Pigmentosa Syndromic Heredity Ciliopathy

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一种连续处理纤维材料的常压等离子体设备

高电压技术 2008年第4期34卷 678-681页

作者：李清泉 j.R．roth 山东大学电气学院济南250061 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tennessee TN 37996U. S.

常压下用等离子体来处理材料,使其表面能增强,对材料进行消毒、清洁等比真空等离子体技术有优势,为研究应用该技术,在实验室中开发了一套在常压下用空气做原料连续处理材料的等离体子体设备。试制了几种不同的电极结构,以使其产生均匀... 详细信息

常压下用等离子体来处理材料,使其表面能增强,对材料进行消毒、清洁等比真空等离子体技术有优势,为研究应用该技术,在实验室中开发了一套在常压下用空气做原料连续处理材料的等离体子体设备。试制了几种不同的电极结构,以使其产生均匀的等离子体,最后确定采用旋转轮做接地电极,铜平板做高压高频电极,耐热玻璃做绝缘介质的等离子体产生结构。试验了几种不同的绝缘材料做阻挡介质后综合考虑采用耐热玻璃做阻挡介质,并比较了产生的等离子体以及对材料的处理结果,证实经过等离子体处理之后材料的表面能大大增强。

关键词：等离子体绝缘介质常压表面能辉光放电吸水性

Aversive and non-reward learning in the fire-bellied toad using familiar and unfamiliar prey stimuli

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Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 709-716页

作者： Ursula DICKE： Antj. HEIDORN Gerhard roth Brain Research Institute University of Bremen 28334 Bremen Germany

The present study investigated how snapping behavior toward familiar and unfamiliar prey is modified by reward omission and aversive conditioning in the f^re-bellied toad Bombina orientalis. Toads were trained to snap at cricket images by rewarding them with live crickets. The task was learned, and the learning criterion （10 snapping responses within 2 minutes） was reached in all individuals investigated. Subsequent reward omission did not alter the frequency of snapping to the familiar cricket stimulus. Snapping decreased only in some individuals, when a mild foot shock was applied at snapping. However, at presenta- tion of images of hitherto unfamiliar meal worms and foot-shock application at snapping to the stimulus, the maj.rity of toads diminished snapping significantly. Snapping responses decreased more rapidly, when snapping at meal worms was not rewarded or a footshock was applied uncorrelated to the presentation of or snapping at meal worms. These results demonstrate that in toads familiarity and unfamiliarity of prey stimuli are important factors in aversive learning, because well-trained responses to familiar stimuli become immune against reward omission. Furthermore, at presentation of unfamiliar stimuli, omission of reward and un- correlated footshock had a stronger aversive effect than correlated footshock [Current Zoology 57 （6）： 709-716, 2011 ].

关键词： Negative conditioning Food preference Amphibian Bombina orientalis Response extinction