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Removing Splitting/Modeling Error in Projection/Penalty Methods for Navier-Stokes Simulations with Continuous Data Assimilation

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Communications in Mathematical Research 2024年第1期40卷 1-29页

作者： elizabeth Hawkins Leo G.Rebholz Duygu Vargun Department of Mathematical sciences Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA

We study continuous data assimilation(CDA)applied to projection and penalty methods for the Navier-Stokes(NS)*** and projection methods are more efficient than consistent Ns discretizations,however are less accurate due to modeling error(penalty)and splitting error(projection).We show analytically and numerically that with measurement data and properly chosen parameters,CDA can effectively remove these splitting and modeling errors and provide long time optimally accurate solutions.

关键词： Navier-Stokes equations projection method penalty method continuous data assimilation

A modular microfluidic platform to study how fluid shear stress alters estrogen receptor phenotype in ER+breast cancer cells

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 287-299页

作者： Braulio Andrés Ortega Quesada Jonathan Cuccia Rachael Coates Blake Nassar Ethan Littlefield elizabeth C.Martin Adam T.Melvin Cain Department of Chemical Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA Biological and Agricultural Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department Medicine Section Hematology and Medical OncologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70118USA

Metastatic breast cancer leads to poor prognoses and worse outcomes in patients due to its invasive behavior and poor response to *** is still unclear what biophysical and biochemical factors drive this more aggressive phenotype in metastatic cancer;however recent studies have suggested that exposure to fluid shear stress in the vasculature could cause *** this study a modular microfluidic platform capable of mimicking the magnitude of fluid shear stress(FSS)found in human vasculature was designed and *** device provides a platform to evaluate the effects of FSS on MCF-7 cell line,an estrogen receptor positive(ER+)breast cancer cell line,during circulation in the *** of the effects of FSS on MCF-7 cells was carried out utilizing two approaches:single cell analysis and bulk *** single cell analysis,cells were trapped in a microarray after exiting the serpentine channel and followed by immunostaining on the device(on-chip).Bulk analysis was performed after cells were collected in a microtube at the outlet of the microfluidic serpentine channel for western blotting(off-chip).It was found that cells exposed to an FSS magnitude of 10 dyn/cm^(2) with a residence time of 60 s enhanced expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 in the MCF-7 cell line at a single cell *** understand possible mechanisms for enhanced Ki67 expression,on-chip and off-chip analyses were performed for pro-growth and survival pathways ERK,AKT,and JAK/*** demonstrated that after shearing the cells phosphorylation of p-AKT,p-mTOR,and p-STAT3 were ***,there was no change in p-ERK1/*** is a mediator of ER rapid signaling,analysis of phosphorylated ERαwas carried out and no significant differences between sheared and non-sheared populations were *** together these results demonstrate that FSS can increase phosphorylation of proteins associated with a more aggressive phenotype in circulating cancer *** findin

关键词： fluid breast estrogen

Importance of Standardizing Analytical Characterization Methodology for Improved Reliability of the Nanomedicine Literature

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第11期14卷 18-32页

作者： Shahriar Sharifi Nouf N.Mahmoud elizabeth Voke Markita P.Landry Morteza Mahmoudi Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Zaytoonah University of JordanAmman 11733Jordan Department of Biomedical sciences College of Health SciencesQU HealthQatar University2713 DohaQatar Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Innovative Genomics Institute BerkeleyCAUSA California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San FranciscoCAUSA

Understanding the interaction between biological structures and nanoscale technologies,dubbed the nano-bio interface,is required for successful development of safe and efficient nanomedicine *** lack of a universal reporting system and decentralized methodologies for nanomaterial characterization have resulted in a low degree of reliability and reproducibility in the nanomedicine *** such,there is a strong need to establish a characterization system to support the reproducibility of nanoscience data particularly for studies seeking clinical ***,we discuss the existing key standards for addressing robust characterization of nanomaterials based on their intended use in medical devices or as *** also discuss the challenges surrounding implementation of such standard protocols and their implication for translation of nanotechnology into clinical ***,however,emphasize that practical implementation of standard protocols in experimental laboratories requires long-term planning through integration of stakeholders including institutions and funding agencies.

关键词： Characterization Nanomedicine Standard protocols Reproducibility Nanomedicine devices

Utilizing bimetallic catalysts to mitigate coke formation in dry reforming of methane

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 124-142页

作者： Jaylin Sasson Bitters Tina He elizabeth Nestler Sanjaya D.Senanayake Jingguang G.Chen Cheng Zhang College of Liberal Arts and sciences Long Island University(Post)BrookvilleNY 11548United States Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712United States Chemistry Division Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973United States Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027United States

Dry reforming of methane(DRM) involves the conversion of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) and methane(CH_(4)) into syngas(a mixture of hydrogen, H_(2), and carbon monoxide, CO), which can then be used to produce a wide range of products by means of Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. DRM has gained much attention as a means of mitigating damage from anthropogenic greenhouse gas(GHGs) emissions to the environment and instead utilizing these gases as precursors for value-added chemicals or to synthesize sustainable fuels and chemicals. Carbon deposition or coke formation, a primary cause of catalyst deactivation, has proven to be a major challenge in the development of DRM catalysts. The use of nickel-and cobalt-based catalysts has been extensively explored for DRM for their high activity and low cost but suffer from poor stability due to coke formation that has hindered their commercialization. Numerous articles have reviewed the various aspects of catalyst deactivation and strategies for mitigation, but few has focused on the benefit of bimetallic catalysts for mitigating coke formation. Bimetallic catalysts, often improve the catalytic stability over their monometallic counterparts due to synergistic effects resulting from two metal-tometal interactions. This review will cover DRM literature for various bimetallic catalyst systems, including the effect of supports and promoters, on the mitigation of carbonaceous deactivation.

关键词： Dry reforming of methane Carbon dioxide Bimetallic catalysts Coke formation Catalyst stability

Recent development of hydrogen sulfide-releasing biomaterials as novel therapies:a narrative review

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Biomaterials Translational 2022年第4期3卷 250-263页

作者： Jingyu Fan elizabeth Pung Yuan Lin Qian Wang Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin ProvinceChina

Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)has been reported as an endogenous gasotransmitter that contributes to the modulation of a myriad of biological signalling pathways,which includes maintaining homeostasis in living organisms at physiological concentrations,controlling protein sulfhydration and persulfidation for signalling processes,mediating neurodegeneration,and regulating inflammation and innate immunity,*** a result,researchers are actively exploring effective approaches to evaluate the properties and the distribution of H_(2)S in ***,the regulation of the physiological conditions of H_(2)S in vivo introduces the opportunity to further study the molecular mechanisms by which H_(2)S regulates cellular *** recent years,many H_(2)S-releasing compounds and biomaterials that can deliver H_(2)S to various body systems have been developed to provide sustained and stable H_(2)S ***,various designs of these H_(2)S-releasing biomaterials have been proposed to aid in the normal conduction of physiological processes,such as cardioprotection and wound healing,by modulating different signalling pathways and cell *** biomaterials as a platform to control the delivery of H_(2)S introduces the opportunity to fine tune the physiological concentration of H_(2)S in vivo,a key to many therapeutic *** this review,we highlight recent research works concerning the development and application of H_(2)S-releasing biomaterials with a special emphasis to different release triggering conditions in in vivo *** believe that the further exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying H_(2)S donors and their function when incorporated with various biomaterials will potentially help us understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of different diseases and assist the development of H_(2)S-based therapies.

关键词： biomaterials cardiovascular disease H_(2)S donors hydrogen sulfide wound healing

Effect of organic acids—essential oils blend and oat fiber combination on broiler chicken growth performance, blood parameters, and intestinal health

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 1039-1051页

作者： Deborah I.Adewole Samson Oladokun elizabeth Santin Department of Animal science and Aquaculture Faculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroNSB2N 5E3Canada b JEFO Nutrition Inc.Saint-HyacintheQC J2R 2E7Canada

This study evaluated the effect of organic acids-essential oils blend with or without oat hulls(OH)on growth performance,organ weights,blood parameters,gut morphology,microbiota,and short-chain fatty acids(sc FA)in ***-old broiler chickens were randomly allocated to 4 dieta ry treatments consisting of 1)a corn-soybean meal-wheat based diet(BAS),2)BAS+0.05%bacitracin methylene disalicylate(BMD),3)BAS+protected organic acids-essential oils at 300 g/1,000 kg of feed(OE),and 4)BAS+protected organic acids-essential oils at 300 g/1,000 kg of feed+3%OH(OEOH),in 8 replicate *** was in starter(d0 to 14),grower(d 14 to 24),and finisher(d 24 to 36)*** weight(BW),feed intake(FI),feed conversion ratio(FCR),and mortality were determined *** d 36,8 chickens per treatment were sampled for blood biochemistry,organ weights,cecal scFA production,and *** had no effect on FI and FCR at all *** OE and OEOH treatments reduced(PscFA *** in the OE treatment recorded the lowest concentration of blood urea(P=0.05)and cholesterol(P<0.05).Both OE and OEOH treatments increased(P<0.05)the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria in the genus Firmicutesunclassified,Ruminococcus,Turicibacter,and Erysipelotrichaceaeunclassified,while reducing(P<0.001)the relative abundance of potentially harmful ***,bo

关键词： Organic acid Essential oil Oat hull Broiler chicken Ceca microbiota

Physical activity,exercise,and chronic diseases:A brief review

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Sports Medicine and Health science 2019年第1期1卷 3-10页

作者： elizabeth Anderson J.Larry Durstine Department of Exercise science University of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA

Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide with increasing prevalence in all age groups,genders,and *** chronic disease deaths occur in middle-to low-income countries but are also a significant health problem in developed *** chronic diseases now affect children and adolescents as well as *** physically inactive is associated with increased chronic disease *** societies are being negatively impacted by the increasing prevalence of chronic disease which is directly related to rising healthcare expenditures,workforce complications regarding attendance and productivity,military personnel recruitment,and academic ***,increased physical activity(PA)and exercise are associated with reduced chronic disease *** physiologic systems in the body benefit positively from PA and exercise by primary disease prevention and secondary disease prevention/*** purpose of this brief review is to describe the significant global problem of chronic diseases for adults and children,and how PA and exercise can provide a noninvasive means for added prevention and treatment.

关键词： Chronic disease Noncommunicable diseases Obesity Diabetes Cardiovascular disease Cancer Physical activity Exercise

Inflammation,physical activity,and chronic disease:An evolutionary perspective

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Sports Medicine and Health science 2020年第1期2卷 1-6页

作者： Roberto Carlos Burini elizabeth Anderson J.Larry Durstine James A.Carson Botucatu Medical school Sao Paulo State University-UNESPBotucatuSPBrazil Arnold school of Public Health Department of Exercise ScienceUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA College of Health Professions Division of Rehabilitation ScienceUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Low-grade inflammation is emerging as a common feature of contemporary metabolic,psychiatric,and neurodegenerative *** physical inactivity and abdominal adiposity are associated with persistent systemic low-grade ***,the behavioral,biological,and physiological changes that cause a predisposition to obesity and other co-morbidities could have epigenetic underpinnings in addition to various evolutionary scenarios.A key assumption involves the potential for a mismatch between the human genome molded over generations,and the issue of adapting to the modern high calorie diet and common built environments promoting *** biological mismatch appears to have dire health ***,the goal of this article is to provide a brief overview on the importance of inflammation as part of human survival and how physical activity(PA)and physical inactivity are critical regulators of systemic *** review will highlight antiinflammatory effects of PA and exercise training from a metabolic and systemic signaling perspective,which includes skeletal muscle to utilization of fatty acids,TLR4 signaling,and myokine/adipokine *** available evidence suggests that PA,regular exercise,and weight loss offer both protection against and treatment for a wide variety of chronic diseases associated with low-grade inflammation through an improved inflammatory profile.

关键词： Inflammation Immunity Myokines Cytokines Physical inactivity Physical activity Exercise Obesity

The impact of iodinated X-ray contrast agents on formation and toxicity of disinfection by-products in drinking water

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2017年第8期29卷 173-182页

作者： Clara H.Jeong Edward J.Machek Morteza Shakeri Stephen E.Duirk Thomas A.Ternes Susan D.Richardson elizabeth D.Wagner Michael J.Plewa Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA Department of Civil Engineering University of Akron Akron OH USA Department of Water Chemistry Federal Institute of Hydrology Koblenz Germany Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South Carolina Columbia SC USA Department of Crop sciences and the Safe Global Water Institute University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA

The presence of iodinated X-ray contrast media（ICM） in source waters is of high concern to public health because of their potential to generate highly toxic disinfection by-products（DBPs）. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of ICM in source waters and the type of disinfectant on the overall toxicity of DBP mixtures and to determine which ICM and reaction conditions give rise to toxic by-products. Source waters collected from Akron,OH were treated with five different ICMs, including iopamidol, iopromide, iohexol,diatrizoate and iomeprol, with or without chlorine or chloramine disinfection. The reaction product mixtures were concentrated with XAD resins and the mammalian cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the reaction mixture concentrates was measured. Water containing iopamidol generated an enhanced level of mammalian cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity after disinfection. While chlorine disinfection with iopamidol resulted in the highest cytotoxicity overall, the relative iopamidol-mediated increase in toxicity was greater when chloramine was used as the disinfectant compared with chlorine. Four other ICMs（iopromide, iohexol, diatrizoate, and iomeprol） expressed some cytotoxicity over the control without any disinfection, and induced higher cytotoxicity when chlorinated. Only iohexol enhanced genotoxicity compared to the chlorinated source water.

关键词： Disinfection by-products Iodo-DBPs Iodinated X-ray contrast media