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Tools for the diagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection and hepatic fibrosis staging

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第13期20卷 3431-3442页

作者： Verónica Saludes Victoria González Ramon Planas Lurdes Matas Vicente Ausina elisa martró Institut d’ Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)08916 BadalonaSpain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) 08003 BarcelonaSpain Centre for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/STI in Catalonia (CEEISCAT)-ICO 08916 BadalonaSpain Liver Unit Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol08916 BadalonaSpain Ramon Planas CIBER Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD)08036 BarcelonaSpain CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) 07110 BunyolaSpain

Hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection represents a major public health *** C can be cured bytherapy,but many infected individuals are unaware of their *** HCV screening,fast diagnosis and characterization,and hepatic fibrosis staging are highly relevant for controlling transmission,treating infected patients and,consequently,avoiding end-stage liver *** to HCV can be determined with high sensitivity and specificity with currently available third generation serology ***,the use of point-of-care tests can increase HCV screening ***,active HCV infection must be confirmed by direct diagnosis ***,HCV genotyping is required prior to starting any ***,high-volume clinical laboratories use different types of automated platforms,which have simplified sample processing,reduced hands-on-time,minimized contamination risks and human error and ensured full traceability of *** advances have also been made in the field of fibrosis stage assessment with the development of non-invasive methods,such as imaging techniques and serum-based ***,no single test is currently available that is able to completely replace liver *** review focuses on approved commercial tools used to diagnose HCV infection and the recommended hepatic fibrosis staging tests.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Diagnosis Real-time polymerase chain reaction Serology Hepatitis C virus-RNA quantification Hepatitis C virus genotyping Hepatic fibrosis staging

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Multi-family therapy for veteran and refugee families: a Delphi study

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Military Medical Research 2019年第1期6卷 39-44页

作者： elisa van Ee Psychotraumacentrum Zuid Nederland Behavioural Science Institute Radboud University

Background: Research indicates that Posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) has an extensive impact on family relationships. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of empirically supported interventions addressing family functioning and PTSD. In the Netherlands, it is considered good clinical practice to offer multi-family therapy(MFT) to veteran and refugee families. MFT for traumatized families aims to address the dysfunctional family patterns that have evolved to address the consequences with ***: The aim of this study is to generate a common framework for the practical impact and active ingredients of MFT in families confronted with trauma. The Delphi method was used to study the expert opinion of 11 therapists in Dutch expert trauma ***: The results indicate that MFT is a promising treatment for families dealing with the consequences of trauma. According to experts, positive outcomes include an increased understanding between family members,particularly visible in the de-escalation of conflicts within the family, and improved parenting. One explanation for the effectiveness of MFT with these target groups is its defining feature of therapy with several ***: The findings support the importance of considering family relationships and the family context in interventions for traumatized individuals.

关键词： PTSD Veteran Refugee Multi-family therapy Parenting Expert opinion

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Over-specialization versus synergy in neuroscience:professionals’integration is more than the sum of its parts

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第11期16卷 2232-2233页

作者： elisa Cainelli Luca Vedovelli Department of General Psychology University of PadovaPadovaItaly Unit of Biostatistics Epidemiology and Public HealthDepartment of CardiacThoracicVascular Sciencesand Public HealthUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly

Health care systems in industrialized countries are built around acute health problems(Etzwiler,1997).This approach is successful when the goal is to improve or overcome pathologies that result in severe health issues or *** the recent tremendous improvement of the treatments of life-threatening conditions,the clinical focus has moved from short term results to the overall expected quality of life and longterm ***,the new objectives imply to consider a multitude of interacting processes and *** fact,a complex interplay of biological systems(nervous,immune,and endocrine)works together in an integrated and synergistic way to deal with a constantly evolving environment,determining our physical,behavioral,and psychological/subjective *** interplay is the mechanism that allows us to adapt promptly and appropriately to circumstances,the key feature for successful living.

关键词： overcome synergistic determining

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How do stream processes affect hazard exposure on alluvial fans? Insights from an experimental study

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第4期17卷 753-772页

作者： Bruno MAZZORANA elisa GHIANDONI Lorenzo PICCO Universidad Austral de Chile Faculty of SciencesInstituto de Ciencias de la Tierra5090000 ValdiviaChile Universidad Austral de Chile RINA–Natural and Anthropogenic Risks Research Center5090000 ValdiviaChile Universidad Austral de Chile Laboratory of HydromorphologyFaculty of Forest Sciences and Natural Resources5090000 ValdiviaChile University of Padova Department of LandEnvironmentAgriculture and Forestry35020 LegnaroItaly

Alluvial fans are among the most privileged settlement areas in many mountain regions. These landforms are particularly dynamic being episodically affected by distributary processes generated by extreme flood events. Addressing risk assessment entails determining hazard exposure and unravelling how it might be related to process loading and to process dynamics once the flow becomes unconfined on the surface of alluvial fans. By following a ‘similarity of process concept’, rather than by attempting to scale a real-world prototype, we performed a set of 72 experimental runs on an alluvial fan model. Thereby, we considered two model layouts, one without a guiding channel and featuring a convex shape and the other one with a guiding channel, a bridge, and inclined but planar overland flow areas as to mirror an anthropic environment. Process magnitude and intensity parameters were systematically varied, and the associated biphasic distributary processes video recorded. For each experiment, the exposure was detected by mapping the exposed area in a GIS, thereby discerning between areas exposed to biphasic flows and the associated depositional phenomena or to the liquid flow phase only. Our results reveal that total event volume, sediment availability and stream power in the feeding channel, as well as depositional effects, avulsion, and channelization on the alluvial fan concur to determine the overall exposure. Stream process loading alone, even when rigorously defined in terms of its characterizing parameters, is not sufficient to exhaustively determine exposure. Hence, further developing reliable biphasic simulation models for hazard assessment on settled alluvial fans is pivotal.

关键词： Alluvial fan Hazard Exposure Flood risk Experimental model Process similarity

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Biomarkers for pancreatic cancer:Recent achievements in proteomics and genomics through classical and multivariate statistical methods

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第37期20卷 13325-13342页

作者： Emilio Marengo elisa Robotti Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation University of Piemonte Orientale

Pancreatic cancer(PC) is one of the most aggressive and lethal neoplastic diseases. A valid alternative to the usual invasive diagnostic tools would certainly be the determination of biomarkers in peripheral fluids to provide less invasive tools for early diagnosis. Nowadays, biomarkers are generally investigated mainly in peripheral blood and tissues through high-throughput omics techniques comparing control vs pathological samples. The results can be evaluated by two main strategies:(1) classical methods in which the identification of significant biomarkers is accomplished by monovariate statistical tests where each biomarker is considered as independent from the others; and(2) multivariate methods, taking into consideration the correlations existing among the biomarkers themselves. This last approach is very powerful since it allows the identification of pools of biomarkers with diagnostic and prognostic performances which are superior to single markers in terms of sensitivity, specificity and robustness. Multivariate techniques are usually applied with variable selection procedures to provide a restricted set of biomarkers with the best predictive ability; however, standard selection methods are usually aimed at the identification of the smallest set of variables with the best predictive ability and exhaustivity is usually neglected. The exhaustive search for biomarkers is instead an important alternative to standard variable selection since it can provide information about the etiology of the pathology by producing a comprehensive set of markers. In this review, the most recent applications of the omics techniques(proteomics, genomics and metabolomics) to the identification of exploratory biomarkers for PC will be presented with particular regard to the statistical methods adopted for their identification. The basic theory related to classical and multivariate methods for identification of biomarkers is presented and then, the most recent applications in this f

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Biomarker identification Multivariate analysis Principal component analysis Ranking principal component analysis

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Methods to produce induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells: Mesenchymal stem cells from induced pluripotent stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第8期13卷 1094-1111页

作者： Victoria Dupuis elisa Oltra Facultédes Sciences et d’Ingénierie Sorbonne UniversitéParis 75252France Department of Pathology Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente MártirValencia 46001Spain Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente MártirValencia 46001Spain

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have received significant attention in recent years due to their large potential for cell ***,they secrete a wide variety of immunomodulatory factors of interest for the treatment of immune-related disorders and inflammatory *** can be extracted from multiple tissues of the human ***,several factors may restrict their use for clinical applications:the requirement of invasive procedures for their isolation,their limited numbers,and their heterogeneity according to the tissue of origin or *** addition,MSCs often present early signs of replicative senescence limiting their expansion in vitro,and their therapeutic capacity in *** to the clinical potential of MSCs,a considerable number of methods to differentiate induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)into MSCs have *** represent a new reliable,unlimited source to generate MSCs(MSCs derived from iPSC,iMSCs)from homogeneous and well-characterized cell lines,which would relieve many of the above mentioned technical and biological ***,the use of iPSCs prevents some of the ethical concerns surrounding the use of human embryonic stem *** this review,we analyze the main current protocols used to differentiate human iPSCs into MSCs,which we classify into five different categories:MSC Switch,Embryoid Body Formation,Specific Differentiation,Pathway Inhibitor,and Platelet *** also evaluate common and method-specific culture components and provide a list of positive and negative markers for MSC *** guidance on material requirements to produce iMSCs with these methods and on the phenotypic features of the iMSCs obtained is *** information may help researchers identify protocol options to design and/or refine standardized procedures for large-scale production of iMSCs fitting clinical demands.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Induced pluripotent stem cells Mesenchymal stem cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells Differentiation methods Culture components Mesenchymal stem cell markers

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Regulation mechanisms of endocrine disruptors on vasodilation andvasoconstriction: Insights from ex vivo models

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BIOCELL 2022年第6期46卷 1383-1389页

作者： MARGARIDA LORIGO elisa CAIRRAO CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research CentreUniversity of Beira InteriorCovilhã6200-506Portugal FCS-UBI Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Beira InteriorCovilhã6200-506Portugal

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The knowledge andunderstanding of CVD are based on the study of vascular physiology and how the smooth muscle cells and tissuesperform their different functions. Exposure to endocrine disruptors (EDCs), such as phytoestrogens, polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons, flame retardants, plasticizers, pesticides, and cosmetics, is an integral and fundamental part ofhuman exposure. Humans are exposed to EDCs by multiple pathways including air, food, water, and consumerproducts. However, this exposure can lead to several adverse effects on human health, including on the cardiovascular(CV) system. The negative impact that EDC toxicity has on human CV health is a serious problem that must not beoverlooked. In this point of view, we proposed the use of the human umbilical artery as a human model to study thedirect effects of EDCs on the vascular level. Several works where these cells were directly exposed to EDC’s werepresented to highlight this well-established model as a great strategy to be used. In the future, we emphasize the needto continue to carry out different investigations using HUA to unveil and understand the vascular toxicity of EDCsand improve human CV health.

关键词： Vascular tonus Human umbilical artery Human exposome

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Multivariate analysis to predict letrozole efficacy in improving sperm count of non-obstructive azoospermic and cryptozoospermic patients： a pilot study

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第6期15卷 806-811,I0009-I0010页

作者： Giorgio Cavallini Giulio Biagiotti elisa Bolzon Andros-ltalia Outpatient Clinic of Ferrara Ferrara 44121 Italy Androsqtalia Outpatient Clinic of Perugia PeruRia 06128 Italy

We tested the hypothesis that letrozole increases sperm count in non-obstructive azoospermic or cryptozoospermic patients with a testosterone （T）/17-beta-2-oestradiol （E2） ratio 〈 10. Forty-six patients with no chromosomal aberrations were randomized into two groups： 22 received letrozole 2.5 mg per day for 6 months （Group 1：6 azoospermic＋ 16 cryptozoospermic patients）, while 24 received a placebo （Group 2：5 azoospermic＋19 cryptozoospermic patients）. The following data were collected： two semen analyses, clinical history, scrotal Duplex scans, body mass index （BMI）, Y microdeletion, karyotype and cystic fibrosis screens and follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）, luteinizing hormone （LH）, E2, T and prolactin levels. Both before and after letrozole or placebo administration, the patients underwent two semen analyses and hormonal assessments. The differences were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney Utest. The relationships between sperm concentration after letrozole administration with respect to FSH, TIE2 ratio, bilateral testicle volume and BMI before letrozole administration were assessed using multivariate analysis. The side effects were assessed using the chi-square test. Group 1 had sperm concentration （medians： 400-1.290× 10^6 ml^-1; P〈0.01） and motility （medians： class A from 2% to 15%; P〈0.01）, FSH, LH and T significantly increased, while Group 2 did not. E2 levels diminished significantly in Group 1, but not in Group 2. Eight patients in Group 1 demonstrated side effects, whereas no patient side effects were observed in Group 2. The sperm concentration after letrozole administration is inversely related to TIE2, FSH and BMI; a direct relationship emerged between sperm concentration and testicular volume.

关键词： cryptozoospermia letrozole male infertility non-obstructive azoospermia

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Drought stress triggers alterations of adaxial and abaxial stomatal development in basil leaves increasing water-use efficiency

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Horticulture Research 2023年第6期10卷 96-109页

作者： elisa Driesen Maurice De Proft Wouter Saeys Department of Biosystems KU LeuvenWillem De Croylaan 423001 LeuvenBelgium

The physiological control of stomatal opening by which plants adjust for water availability has been extensively ***,the impact of water availability on stomatal development has not received as much attention,especially for amphistomatic ***,the acclimation of stomatal development in basil(Ocimum basilicum L.)leaves was *** results show that leaves developed under water-deficit conditions possess higher stomatal densities and decreased stomatal length for both the adaxial and abaxial leaf *** the stomatal developmental reaction to water deficit was similar for the two leaf surfaces,it was proven that adaxial stomata are more sensitive to water stress than abaxial stomata,with more closed adaxial stomata under water-deficit ***,plants with leaves containing smaller stomata at higher densities possessed a higher water use *** findings highlight the importance of stomatal development as a tool for long-term acclimation to limit water loss,with minimal reduction in biomass *** highlights the central role that stomata play in both the short(opening)and long-term(development)reaction of plants to water availability,making them key tools for efficient resource use and anticipation of future environmental changes.

关键词： stress stomatal limit

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Julolidine-labelled fluorinated block copolymers for the development of two-layer films with highly sensitive vapochromic response

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Science China Chemistry 2018年第8期61卷 947-956页

作者： Camillo Sorgi elisa Martinelli Giancarlo Galli Andrea Pucci Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Pisa 56124 Pisa Italy National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology UdR Pisa 56124 Pisa Italy

Fluorinated block copolymers composed of a polystyrene(Sx) first block and a polyacrylate second block carrying hydrophobic/lipophobic perfluorohexyl side chains(AF) were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP). Fluorescence emission properties were imparted to the copolymers by incorporation in the second block of a julolidine-based fluorescent molecular rotor(JCBF). The synthesized block copolymers were used as the fluorescent low-surface energy thin top-layer onto a polystyrene bottom-layer to produce novel two-layer film vapochromic sensors. Contact angle and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) measurements revealed that the two-layer film surfaces were hydrophobic and lipophobic at the same time and highly enriched in fluorine content as a result of the effective segregation of the perfluorinated tails to the polymer-air *** fluorescence intensity of the two-layer films decreased significantly when they were exposed to vapours of organic solvents,including tetrahydrofurane, chloroform, and trifluorotoluene. However, an AF content-dependent sensing behaviour was also observed, with the two-layer films containing the copolymer with the shorter fluorinated block giving a more rapid and almost quantitative decrease in fluorescence variation. Fluorescence emission of the films was also proved to vary with *** the vapochromic and thermochromic responses were reversible after successive solicitation cycles. The fluorescence variation of the two-layer films was much more marked than that of the corresponding PS/JCBF blend, thus providing a system potentially applicable as highly sensitive volatile organic compound(VOC) sensor, thanks to the active role of the fluorinated block in promoting the migration of the fluorophore to the outermost surface layers.

关键词： fluorinated block copolymers fluorescent molecular rotors vapochromism

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