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The Empiric Use of Palm Kernel Oil in Neonatal Skin Care:Justifiable or Not?

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2011年第12期17卷 950-954页

作者： Andreas Chiabi Maguerite Hortence Kenmogne Seraphin Nguefack Bolaji Obadeyi Evelyne Mah Franck Zeh Meka Pierre-Fernand Tchokoteu elie Mbonda Tetanye Ekoe Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital P.O.Box 4362Yaounder Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde IP.O.Box 1364YaounderCameroon Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaounde IP.O.Box 812YaounderCameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1P.O.Box 1364YaounderCameroon Health Logics P.O.Box 13777Ikeia LagosNigeria Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde IP.O.Box 1364Yaounder Cameroon

Palm kernel oil is a vegetable oil derived from Elaeis guineensis and widely used in neonatal settings for skin care. It is a good emollient with a beneficial effect in moisturizing the skin and preventing transdermal heat and water loss. However, it＇s putative roles in the prevention or treatment of fatty acid deficiency is still controversial. So is its function in the improvement of neurological development from its long- chain polyunsaturated fatty acids？ We set out in this review to verify whether its empiric use in this context has any scientific justification and is recommendable. Although there is evidence that it has emollient and moisturizing properties necessary for softening the skin and restoring elasticity, controversy subsists on its other nutritional and neurodevelopmental properties.

关键词： palm kernel oil neonate skin care

Assessment of Diabetes Control Level and Associated Cardiovascular Risk Factors

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第12期13卷 879-889页

作者： Désiré Alain Affangla Fabrice Doupa Jean-Michel Amath Dione Stéphanie Claudia Akanni Hugues elie Elame Ngwa Djibril Marie Ba Mohamed Cor Ben Omar Leye Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties Training and Research Unit of Health Sciences Iba Der Thiam University Thies Senegal DIABCARMET Department Saint Jean de Dieu Hospital Thies Senegal

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality in type 2 diabetics patients. Our work aimed to assess the level of control of type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular risk factors. Patients and study method: This was an observational cross-sectional study of type 2 diabetics patients. The parameters studied were: sociodemographic data, lifestyle, anthropometric data, levels of control of diabetes by the level of HbA1C, blood pressure measured at the office and cholesterol. Results: 326 type 2 diabetics patients were collected. The sex-ratio was 0.35. The average age of the patients was 58 ± 11 years. A physical inactivity remained present in 79 patients (24.23%), 2 patients (0.61%) continued to smoke. The prevalence of obesity was 21.16% (n = 69) or 25% of women and 10.4% of men (p = 0.01). Abdominal obesity was observed in 151 patients (46.31%), 139 of whom were female and 12 male (p = 0.001). Diabetes was sufficiently controlled in 65.34% of patients (n = 213) while cholesterolemia and hypertension were controlled in 33.44% and 8.33% of patients respectively. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes was frequently associated with other cardiovascular risk factors. Control of diabetes and these factors was insufficient. Therapeutic education of type 2 diabetics patients needed to be improved.

关键词： Control Cardiovascular Risk Factor Type 2 Diabetes Senegal

New trends in colorectal surgery: Single port and natural orifice techniques

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第48期20卷 18104-18120页

作者： Ronald Daher elie Chouillard Yves Panis Department of General and Digestive Surgery Poissy/Saint-Germain Medical Center 78300Poissy France Department of Colorectal Surgery Beaujon Hospital Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris University Denis Diderot (Paris VII) 75013 Clichy France

Single-incision laparoscopic surgery(SILS)and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery(NOTES)have rapidly gained pace worldwide,potentially replacing conventional laparoscopic surgery(CLS)as the preferred colorectal surgery *** available data mainly consist of retrospective series analyzed in four *** conflicting results and lack of an objective comparison,SILS appears to offer cosmetic advantages over ***,due to conflicting results and marked heterogeneity,present data fail to show significant differences in terms of operative time,postoperative morbidity profiles,portsite complications rates,oncological appropriateness,duration of hospitalization or cost when comparing SILS with conventional laparoscopy for colorectal *** application of"pure"NOTES in humans remains limited to case reports because of unresolved issues concerning the ideal access site,distantorgan reach,spatial orientation and viscera ***,minilaparoscopy-assisted natural orifice surgery techniques are being *** transanal"down-to-up"total mesorectum excision has been derived for transanal endoscopic microsurgery(TEM)and represents the most encouraging NOTES-derived *** experiences demonstrate good oncological and functional short-term *** randomized controlled trials are now mandatory to confirm the long-term SILS results and validate transanal TEM for the application of NOTES in humans.

关键词： Surgery Colon Rectum Cancer Laparoscopy Single-por

Assessment of Acute Poisoning Cases in Emergency Department of the Provincial General Reference Hospital in Bukavu, DR-Congo

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第2期13卷 233-248页

作者： Billy Paul Kaishusha Mupendwa Espoir Batumike Murhi Guy Mulumeoderhwa Mulinganya Mannix Masimango Imani Kesner Mateso Salama Kaishusha David Justin-Leonard Kadima Ntokamunda elie Batulani Mushosi-Tamba Faculty of Natural Health Science Bircham International University Department of Toxicology Madrid Spain The Provincial General Reference Hospital of Bukavu Bukavu Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Pharmacy Official University of Bukavu (U.O.B) Bukavu Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Anesthesiology at Félix Houphouë t Boigny University (UFHB) Abidjan Ivory Coast

Background: Acute intoxications result from intentionally or accidentally taking a relatively significant amount of a chemical substance which triggers disturbances in the level of psychophysiological functions, the complications of which may lead to mental disorders, physical causalities, and death. Any acute intoxication mostly requires emergency care. Objective: To highlight the prevalence, history, clinical features, emergency treatment, and prediction of acute intoxication cases referred to the emergency services at the Provincial General Reference Hospital in Bukavu, DR-Congo. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to October 2022 based on an analysis of patients’ medical files. Triage was performed among all-type of patient files recorded in the computerized hospital database Ebale-Sante to sort cases of intoxication. Results: During the observational period, 3966 emergency admissions were counted, of which 321 (8.09%) patients were identified as having acute intoxication. Among these, 100 files that containing sufficient information fit the quality criteria for this study’s analysis. The victims were infants, adolescents and adults aged 1 - 45 years, and 52% were female and 48% were male. Most cases were accidental and, occurred at home, and the victims were driven to the hospital within 2 - 24 hours. The substances consumed included household products, drugs, and herbs. Resuscitation care, antidotes and supportive symptomatic medications ensured that 85% were healed and 10% experienced sequelae;however, 5% died. Conclusion: Acute intoxication occurs in infants mostly accidentally though the ingestion of household products and medicines. Furthermore, suicide cases may occur in traumatized adolescents and discordant couples. People should be informed about how to store hazardous products (e.g.: drugs, household products and pesticides), which should not be available to children, to avoid unintentional poisoning. Special

关键词： Acute Intoxication Patients Emergency Provincial General Reference Hospital Bukavu

High Prevalence of Bacterial Vaginosis Due to Gardnerella Species and Intra Genital Hygiene Impact Practices among Rural and Urban Women in Yaoundé, Cameroon

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第11期11卷 313-325页

作者： Mansour Mohamadou Adamou Velhima elie Marie Chantal Ngonde Essome Clarisse Engowei Mbah Valerie Emvoutou Lilian Akwah Milaine Toukap Aicha Ngoutane Franck Enama Djoulde Ibrahima Roger Ahouga Center for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Yaoundé Cameroon Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Microbiology University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: Bacterial vaginosis represents a public health problem due to its high frequency in our various health facilities. Vaginal douching used by women as a means to achieve hygienic measures could be potentially dangerous. The objective of the study is to aim at bringing forth epidemiological data on intra-genital hygiene practices, determine the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and the association between these vaginal practices and this genital infection. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on March 2022 on patients received in Human Biology Laboratory of Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, in Yaoundé. Data were collected by questionnaire after an oral and written consent obtained from the patients. Vaginal swabs were collected and inoculated on to Blood Agar, Chocolate with polyvitex. Identification was done using morphologically appearance, Gram staining and biochemicals tests. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20 software. Results: A total of 120 patients were enrolled during the study. The most represented age group of participants was 25 to 35 years with 62.5%. The overall prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was 29.16%. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis varied according to the number of lifetime male sexual partners, women who reported having only one sexual partner in their life had a prevalence rate of 23.32%. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was higher in patients living in urban areas (23.33%). No significant correlation was observed between bacterial vaginosis and regularly vaginal douching and practice of intimate vaginal cleansing (p = 0.980). Conclusion: Our findings indicated that sexual behaviour traits may have an impact on the relatively high prevalence of bacterial vaginosis. This suggests that comprehensive health education programmes may be necessary to lower the incidence of bacterial vaginosis, which indicate the need for comprehensive and programmed health education programs aimed at r

关键词： Women Prevalence Bacterial Vaginosis Intra-Genital Hygiene Yaoundé

Factors Associated with Antibody Levels among Children Aged 15 to 59 Months Vaccinated against Hepatitis B during the Expanded Program on Immunization in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第2期13卷 91-98页

作者： Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam Alpha Hamed Béchir Ndam Mefire Winnie Bekolo Guy Roger Nsenga Djapa Suzanne Ngo Um Sap Paul Koki Ndombo elie Claude Ndjitoyap Ndam Department of Internal Medicine and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Internal Medicine and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroun Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: the hepatitis B virus infection remains a major public health problem worldwide. It can lead to a liver cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has recommended the implementation of generalised vaccination programs against hepatitis B. In Cameroon, this vaccine was introduced in the expanded program on immunization (EPI) in 2005, but few studies have assessed the immune response. Objective: the general objective of this study was to identify factors associated with antibody levels among children aged from 15 to 59 months vaccinated against hepatitis B during the EPI in Cameroon. Method: this was a cross-sectional study carried out from December 2021 to June 2022 in a paediatric centre of Yaoundé (Cameroon). We analysed the antibody level in children vaccinated against hepatitis B within the framework of the EPI. We enrolled children who had received a series of 3 intramuscular doses of hepatitis B vaccine at 6, 10 and 14 weeks after birth. Some children could receive a 4th booster dose between 12 months. The antibody level was assessed by measuring the anti-HBs in such children, aged 15 - 59 months. A good immunization was defined as a serum level of anti-HBs antibody level above 100 IU/mL;a poor immunization, for an anti-HBs antibody level between 10 and 100 IU/mL;and a non-immunization, for an anti-HBs antibody level < 10 IU/mL. Association between explored factors and poor or non-immunization was evaluated through the Chi square test. The significance threshold was defined at p < 0.05. Results: sixty subjects were included in the study with a slight female majority: 31 cases (52%). The average age was 38.5 ± 15.7 months (range 15 - 59 months). We found 32 (53%) cases of good immunization;21 (35%) of poor immunization;and 7 children (12%) with a non-immunization. The only factor associated with poor or non-immunization was the age between 37 - 59 months (p = 0.016). Conclusion: Anti HBs Antibody levels

关键词： Hepatitis B Vaccination Children Antibody Levels Immunization Cameroon

Theoretical Investigation of the Bonding Properties of Bis（glycinato） d8metal（II） Dihydrate Complexes Using Density Functional Theory

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2012年第5期6卷 475-483页

作者： Bikele Mama Desire Younang elie Penka Fowe Emmanuel Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Douala Cameroon Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroun Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Sherbrooke Qudbec JI K 2R1 Canada

Density functional theory (DFT) approach has been applied for the analysis of the bond between the [(H2O)2] and the [M(gly)2] fragments in a series of trans and cis [M(gly)2[(H2O)2] complexes. For comparative purpose, both relativistic and non-relativistic calculations have been performed. The nature of the interaction between the [(H2O)2] and [M(gly)2] fragments was investigated using energy decomposition analysis, Hirshfeld atomic charge variation, molecular orbital considerations and bond order decomposition analysis, respectively. Results reveal that the [(H2O)2]-[M(gly)2] interaction lies from the hydrogen bridge interaction between these fragments. The strength of the bonding increases in the order Ni2+ > Pd2+ > Pt2+ while the relativistic correction tends to strengthen the [(H2O)2---[M(gly)2] bond in the order Ni < Pd < Pt.

关键词：密度泛函理论配合物粘接性能能量分解分析相对论计算相互作用 H2O GLY

Identification of Bacteria Strains Isolated in Urinary Tract Infections and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility at the National Public Health Laboratory, Ouagadougou

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2022年第3期12卷 83-95页

作者： Sandrine Ouedraogo Dissinviel Stéphane Kpoda Lamoussa Paul Ouattara Cheikna Zongo Yéri Esther Hien Paulette Karfo Désiré Nezien elie Kabre Algas Barreda Pillar Aly Savadogo Laboratoire de Biochimie et Immunologie Appliquées (LABIA) Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire de Ziniare (CU-Z) Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie Microbienne (LAMBM) Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles et des Technologies des Produits Naturels et de l’Environnement (LABTECH-PRONE) Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire National de Santé Publique (LNSP) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: Urinary tract infections are still a real public health concern. The aim of this study was to identify the bacteria strains involved in urinary tract infections and to determine their antibiotic resistance profiles. Methods: Two kinds of studies were performed. The retrospective study was carried out for 2 years (from January 2018 to December 2019), and the prospective study was extended over a period of 6 months (from January to June 2020). Isolation and identification of bacteria strains were performed using conventional microbiology techniques. The strains’ resistance profiles were determined by the diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton according to the criteria of EUCAST- 2015. Fourteen (14) antibiotic discs were used depending on the isolated germ. Results: A total of 187 bacterial strains were isolated from 82 men and 105 women. Among the germs identified, 77.54% were Enterobacteriaceae and 13.36% were cocci strains. Non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli accounted for 9.08% of the isolated bacteria. The results showed that the majority of Enterobacteriaceae strains were resistant to beta-lactams: 100% to amoxicillin, 98.75% to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, 41.76% to ceftriaxone, and 43.14% to ceftazidime. These findings were obtained with fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides: 50.09% with ciprofloxacin, 54.04% with norfloxacin, and 22.58% with amikacin. 8.75% of the Enterobacteriaceae strains tested were resistant to imipenem. The same trends were observed with non-fer- mentative bacteria. As for the gram-positive bacteria isolated during our study, 13.33% were resistant to vancomycin, 21.05% to gentamicin, 94.12% to penicillin G, 88.89% to ampicillin, 77.78% to cefotaxime, 63.63% to kanamycin, and 52.63% to erythromycin. Conclusion: This study revealed, as in other studies, that Enterobacteriaceae strains remain the most incriminated bacteria strains in urinary tract infections, with a strong resistance to antibiotics. It is important that actions b

关键词： Urinary Tract Infections Enterobacteriaceae Antibiotic Resistance Ouagadougou

Evaluation of Suicidal Risk in Sickle Cell Patients Monitored at the Hubert Koutoukou Maga National University Hospital Center in Cotonou in 2022

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第S2期13卷 479-491页

作者： Guy-Gérard Aza-Gnandji Ireti Nethania elie Ataïgba Sènan Gratias Koukoubou Kokou Messanh Agbémèlé Soedje Tchedié Etdéchié Elvyre Klikpo Josiane Ezin Houngbe Département de santé Mentale Faculté des Sciences de la santé de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga Cotonou Bénin Faculté de Médecine Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori Parakou Bénin Département de santé Mentale Faculté des Sciences de la santé de l’Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé Lomé Togo

Introduction: According to the WHO, suicide is a real public health problem worldwide, and several risk factors have been identified, including pain and chronic illness. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the suicidal risk in sickle-cell patients. Method: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of sickle-cell patients followed up at the University Clinic of Blood Diseases of Hubert Koutoukou Maga National University Hospital Center from August 2022 to November 2022. The instrument used was the Ducher suicide risk self-assessment scale. Results: A total of 65 patients were included. Mean age was 27.04 ± 1.95 years, with extremes of 16 and 50 years, and a peak of 47.69% in the 20 - 30 age group. Women predominated (58.46%), with a sex ratio of 0.71. Somatic complaints accounted for 41.54% of patients’ visits, including 21.54% for pain. Suicidal risk was positive in 44.62%, including 13.85% for severe suicidal risk, and 20% attributed their desire to die to pain. The factor associated with positive suicidal risk was single parenthood (p = 0.02). Of those with a positive suicidal risk, 46% had shared the intention with close relatives (family and friends), but none had used medical services. Conclusion: These data demonstrate the high prevalence of suicidal risk among people with sickle cell disease, and therefore the need for psychosocial intervention in this specific population in Benin.

关键词： Suicidal Risk Sickle Cell Disease Chronic Disease