检索结果-南通市图书馆

Epidemiological Characteristics, Resistance patterns and Spread of Gram-Negative Bacteria Related to Colonization of patients in intensive Care Units

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in infectious Diseases 2015年第1期5卷 14-20页

作者： Quésia Souza Damaceno Jacques Nicoli Adriana Cristina Oliveira Departamento de Enfermagem Básica Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Departamento de Microbiologia Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil

Our aim was to determine the epidemiological characteristics, the resistance patterns and the spread of Gram negative bacteria related to colonization of patients in adult intensive Care Units. Methods: A prospective cohort of patients colonized and/or infected with Gram negative bacteria was conducted at two adult iCUs from hospitals in Brazil (April 2012 to February 2013). Nasal, groin and perineum swabs were performed. Samples were incubated on MacConkey and cetrimide agar (48 h at 37℃) and identification tests (Vitek-BioMérieux), antibiogram (Bauer-Kirby method), Carba Np test, polymerase Chain Reaction (pCR) and sequencing were performed. The patterns of resistant microorganisms were compared by rep-pCR (Diversilab). Results: There were 53 cases of colonization. in these cases, we identified imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (51%), pseudomonas aeruginosa (32%), Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL (38%) or imipenem resistant (5.6%). The use of antimicrobials and medical devices were related to colonization (p The resistance patterns expressed by Klebsiella pneumoniae were ESBL (CTX-M, SHV e TEM) and KpC2. A verified profile of Acinetobacter baumannii was related to OXA-23 and OXA-253 (OXA-143 variant). The profiles ESBL and KpC2 expressed by Klebsiella pneumoniae were distributed between the both iCUs. The distribution of OXA-23 and OXA-253 was verified only in one iCU. The similarity of strains ranged from 80% to 95%, highlighting the horizontal transference of these microorganisms.

关键词： intensive Care Unit Bacterial Drug-Resistance Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria Colonization

interfacial Fracture Toughness Evaluation of poly(L-lactide acid)/Natural Fiber Composite by Using Double Shear Test Method

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Composite Materials 2014年第2期4卷 97-105页

作者： Chin Voon sia Yoshikazu Nakai Hiroshi Tanaka Daiki Shiozawa Department of Mechanical Engineering Kobe University Kobe Japan

in this work, interfacial fracture toughness between treated fiber and matrix was investigated by using double shear test method. Susrface treatment on the oil palm empty fruit bunch (OpEFB) fibers was performed to improve the interfacial bosnding properties of natural fiber reinforced poly(L-lactide acid) composites. Three fibers model composite and four fibers model composite were prepared for the double shear test. The interfacial fracture toughness of both model composites is dependent on matrix length. in addition, the interfacial fracture toughness and the critical interfacial shear stress were increased with increasing the concentration of NaOH and the duration of surface treatment.

关键词： Fiber interfacial Fracture Toughness interfacial Shear Strength Surface Treatment

Availability, Range and Utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) Services for Adolescents at Kinondoni Municipality, Dar es Salaam—Tanzania

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Nursing 2020年第3期10卷 286-307页

作者： Bupe Khalison Mwandali sia Emmanueli Msuya Adela Abel Mwakanyamale Department of Maternal and Child Health Kairuki School of Nursing Hubert Kairuki Memorial University Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Community Medicine Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College Moshi Tanzania Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing Faculty of Nursing Hubert Kairuki Memorial University Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Background: it is estimated 1.2 billion of world’s population are adolescents aged 10 - 19 years;80% live in developing countries. Adolescents in developing countries especially Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) face high burden of sexual and reproductive health problems. Sixteen million girls aged 15 to 19 years give birth every year of which 95% occur in low- and middle-income countries. Twenty five percent of unsafe abortions are in 15 - 19 years in Sub-Saharan Africa. Contraceptive use is low as approximately 10% of adolescents are current users. These problems can be averted if different ranges of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services for adolescent (SRHSA) are available and utilized by adolescents. in Tanzania, there is limited information addressing the availability, types and utilization pattern of sexual and reproductive health services by adolescents. This study investigates the availability, range and utilization of sexual and reproductive health services for adolescents (ASRHS) at Kinondoni Municipality, Tanzania. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in April to May 2013. A checklist was used to collect information on the availability and range of services offered at selected health facilities. in depth interviews conducted with in-charges of Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) clinics to explore barriers for provision of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services (SRHS) for adolescents. Adolescents were questioned using a questionnaire on utilization of SRHS and perceived barriers. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize quantitative data and content analysis for qualitative data. Results: On availability and range of adolescents’ sexual and reproductive health services, a total of 25 health facilities were surveyed. Forty four percent of the surveyed facilities did not have the adolescent sexual and reproductive health services (ASRHS). The Adolescents Sexual and Reproductive Health (ASRH) services offered differed greatly between facilities. On

关键词： Adolescent Sexual Health Reproductive Health Utilization Barriers to ASRH Services Kinondoni Municipality and Tanzania

Comparing Resistant Microorganisms isolated from patients and Environment in an intensive Care Unit

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in infectious Diseases 2014年第1期4卷 30-35页

作者： Quésia Souza Damaceno Robert iquiapaza Adriana C. Oliveira School of Nursing Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil

Background: Recently, the probable involvement of surfaces from the hospital environment as a disseminating source of resistant bacteria has been highlighted. The aim of the study was to compare resistant microorganisms isolated from inanimate surfaces, equipments and patient blood culture samples in an intensive Care Unit from Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed from July to October 2009. Data sources were microbiologic samples from environment and patient blood culture. Duplicate samples were obtained by swabs from up to seven different touch sites around two different patients in four different days. Jointly with the environmental samples, bacterial isolates from an adult iCU patients’ routine blood cultures were obtained from hospital laboratory. The samples were identified, tested for sensitivity and compared by rep-pCR test to verify similarity. Results: Difference among the averages of Colony Forming Units was found within the environment samples (p in the environment were identified antibiotic resistant microorganisms such as Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis, imipenem and ciprofloxacin pseudomonas aeruginosa and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Similarities (60% -80%) were established among environmental and blood culture samples. Conclusion: The environmental sampling showed different averages of contamination of the surfaces and equipment. The similarity among the bacterial isolates of patients’ blood cultures and environmental samples reinforces the hypothesis of the horizontal transference of pathogens.

关键词： Cross infection Bacterial Drug Resistance intensive Care Units Environment Contamination

Avian influenza virus directly infects human natural killer cells and inhibits cell activity

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Virologica Sinica 2017年第2期32卷 122-129页

作者： Huawei Mao Yinping Liu Sin Fun sia JS Malik peiris Yu-Lung Lau Wenwei Tu Department of paediatrics The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen 518000 China Department of paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Department of Microbiology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of piD Diagnosis & Therapy Technology Shenzhen 518000 China

Natural killer （NK） cell is a key component of innate immunity and plays an important role in host defense against virus infection by directly destroying infected cells. influenza is a respiratory disease transmitted in the early phase of virus infection. Evasion of host innate immunity including NK cells is critical for the virus to expand and establish a successful acute infection. previously, we showed that human influenza HiN1 virus infects NK cells and induces cell apoptosis, as well as inhibits NK cell activity. in this study, we further demonstrated that avian influenza virus also directly targeted NK cells as an immunoevasion strategy. The avian virus infected human NK cells and induced cell apoptosis. in addition, avian influenza virion and HA protein inhibited NK cell cytotoxicity. This novel strategy has obvious advantages for avian influenza virus, allowing the virus sufficient time to expand and subsequent spread before the onset of the specific immune response. Our findings provide an important clue for the immunopathogenesis of avian influenza, and also suggest that direct targeting NK cells may be a common strategy used by both human and avian influenza viruses to evade NK cell immunity.

关键词： natural killer (NK) cell avian influenza virus (AiV) immunoevasion directioninfection inhibition cytotoxicity

Application of Structural Equation Modelling in Construction Management Research

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2010年第2期4卷 47-70页

作者： sia Mal Kong Christy pathrose Gomez Zuhairi ABD. Hamid Building Division School of Technology Kolej Tunku Abdul Rahman Kuala Lumpur 53300 Malaysia Research Management ＆ innovation Centre Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Parit Raja 86400 Johor Malaysia Construction Research institute of Malaysia （CREAM） CIDB Malaysia Kuala Lumpur55200 Malaysia

This paper, based on Deming＇s quality management （QM） theory embodied in iSO 9001, uses structural equation modelling （SEM） in a construction management research. Based on 100 usable responses collected from a nationwide survey carried out from 14th February to 30th May 2008 on all key players in the Malaysian construction value chain, this paper aims to：（a） validate the dimensions of registration efforts to obtain and maintain iSO 9001 certifications; （b） validate the eight QM principles in iSO 9001 for quality management system （QMS） practices; （c） determine the components of organisational improvements experienced as a result of iSO 9001 certifications in terms of company competitiveness, customer satisfaction, and business performance; and （d） investigate the causal relationships among registration efforts, QMS practices, company competitiveness, customer satisfaction, business performance of iSO 9001-certified companies. The knowledge gained from the application of SEM is an important contribution to the body of theoretical literature in QM.

关键词： Causal relationships iSO 9001 quality management system registration efforts structural equation modelling.

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

基于医学影像的血流动力学分析

力学进展 2016年第1期46卷 323-342页

作者：陈宇李睿赵雪梅李东海徐文娟刘爱华 sia Sheau Fung Chong Winston 张宇清华大学生物医学影像研究中心北京100084 清华大学第一附属医院(华信医院) 北京100084 清华大学医学中心北京100084 首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院北京市神经外科研究所北京100050 Division of Neurosurgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia Monash Medical Centre MelbourneVicAustralia

随着计算机成像技术的发展,计算机断层扫描(CT)和核磁共振(MRi)已经广泛应用于临床,特别是血管类疾病的诊断,比如动脉狭窄、血管瘤、血管畸形等.除了可以提供高分辨率的静态图像,先进的MRi技术还可以通过时间序列直接反映血流动力学的变... 详细信息

随着计算机成像技术的发展,计算机断层扫描(CT)和核磁共振(MRi)已经广泛应用于临床,特别是血管类疾病的诊断,比如动脉狭窄、血管瘤、血管畸形等.除了可以提供高分辨率的静态图像,先进的MRi技术还可以通过时间序列直接反映血流动力学的变化.而基于计算机成像和三维重建技术,血流动力学的参数又可以通过计算流体力学的方法进行详细的分析.如何将血流动力学参数和临床诊断相结合是近年来在转化医学领域研究的热点.文中将结合文献调研和作者自己的研究工作对基于医学图像的血流动力学分析进行综述,并探讨未来的研究方向.

关键词：血流动力学相位对比磁共振成像计算流体力学血管瘤动脉狭窄

Dose selection of chloroquine phosphate for treatment of COViD-19 based on a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta pharmaceutica Sinica B 2020年第7期10卷 1216-1227页

作者： Cheng Cui Miao Zhang Xueting Yao Siqi Tu Zhe Hou Valerie sia Jie En Xiaoqiang Xiang Jing Lin Ting Cai Ning Shen Chunli Song Jie Qiao Shun Zhang Haiyan Li Dongyang Liu Drug Clinical Trial Center Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of Clinical pharmacy School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang province HwaMei HospitalUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Ningbo No.2 Hospital)Ningbo 315010China Department of Respirator Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of Orthopedics Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Center for Reproductive Medicine Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of Cardiology and institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China

Chloroquine(CQ)phosphate has been suggested to be clinically effective in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(COViD-19).To develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic(pBpK)model for predicting tissue distribution of CQ and apply it to optimize dosage regimens,a pBpK model,with parameterization of drug distribution extrapolated from animal data,was developed to predict human tissue distribution of *** physiological characteristics of time-dependent accumulation was mimicked through an active transport *** dosing regimens were proposed based on pBpK simulation combined with known clinical exposure-response *** model was also validated by clinical data from Chinese patients with *** novel pBpK model allows indepth description of the pharmacokinetics of CQ in several key organs(lung,heart,liver,and kidney),and was applied to design dosing strategies in patients with acute COViD-19(Day 1:750 mg BiD,Days 2-5:500 mg BiD,CQ phosphate),patients with moderate COViD-19(Day 1:750 mg and 500 mg,Days 2-3:500 mg BiD,Days 4-5:250 mg BiD,CQ phosphate),and other vulnerable populations(e.g.,renal and hepatic impairment and elderly patients,Days 1-5:250 mg BiD,CQ phosphate).A pBpK model of CQ was successfully developed to optimize dosage regimens for patients with COViD-19.

关键词： COViD-19 Chloroquine phosphate pBpK Dosing strategy

Awareness and Factors Associated with postpartum Modern Contraceptives Use among Women of Reproductive Age in Bukombe District, Geita Region

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Sexual Medicine 2020年第3期10卷 71-85页

作者： immanuel Shayo sia E. Msuya Caroline Amour Michael J. Mahande Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College Moshi Tanzania Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics Institute of Public Health Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College Moshi Tanzania Department of Community Health Institute of Public Health Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Moshi Tanzania

introduction: pregnancies that occur during the first year postpartum are more likely to be unplanned. This leads to an increased risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. However, modern contraceptive use during this period helps to reduce unplanned pregnancies and its associated adverse outcomes. There is scant data on postpartum contraceptives in pastoral communities in Tanzania. This study aimed to assess awareness and factors associated with postpartum modern contraceptives use among women of reproductive age in Bukombe District, Geita Region. Method: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in a predominant pastoral community of Bukombe district in Geita region in north-western Tanzania from May-June 2018. A total of 511 postpartum women who were in their first year after child birth were studied. A multistage sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data analysis was performed using SpSS version 21. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors of postpartum modern contraceptive use. Results: Most (97.3%) of the participants were aware about modern contraceptives. The prevalence of postpartum modern contraceptive use was 11.9%. The most frequent used contraceptive method was implant 6.5%. Majority (75%) of women started to use the contraceptive at the first three months after delivery. Living in urban (AOR = 1.84, 95% Ci: 1.20 - 3.79), business women’s (AOR = 2.34, 95% Ci: 1.31 - 2.28), having last born aged 3 - 4 months (AOR = 3.30, 95% Ci: 1.11 - 9.85) and menses resumption (AOR = 9.23, 95% Ci: 3.60 - 23.72) were associated with postpartum modern contraceptive use. Fear of side effects, poor knowledge about contraceptives, husband restrictions, distance to health facility and availability of contraceptive were the barriers for use of contraceptive use. Conclusion: We found low uptake of postpartum modern contraceptive use in this population. Numerous f

关键词： Awareness postpartum Modern Contraceptives Use Tanzania