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Bloodstream infections in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: Changing epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in the intensive care unit

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 269-280页

作者： Fotinie Ntziora efthymia giannitsioti 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensLaiko General HospitalAthensGreece

The Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic increased the burden of critically ill patients who required hospitalization in the intensive care unit(ICU).Bacterial and fungal co-infections,including bloodstream infections(BSIs),increased significantly in ICU patients with COVID-19;this had a significant negative impact on patient *** data pertaining to BSI episodes from the ICU setting during the COVID-19 pandemic were collected and analyzed for this narrative *** searched the PubMed database for articles published between March 2020 and October 2023;the terms“COVID-19”AND“bloodstream infections”AND“ICU”were used for the search.A total of 778 articles were retrieved;however,only 27 were exclusively related to BSIs in ICU patients with *** pertaining to the epidemiological characteristics,risk factors,characteristics of bacterial and fungal BSIs,patterns of antimicrobial resistance,and comparisons between ICU and non-ICU patients during and before the COVID-19 pandemic were *** on antimicrobial stewardship and infection-control policies were also *** rates of BSI were found to have increased among ICU patients with COVID-19 than in non-COVID-19 patients and those admitted during the pre-pandemic *** gender,60–70 years of age,increased body mass index,high Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores at admission,prolonged hospital and ICU stay,use of central lines,invasive ventilation,and receipt of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were all defined as risk factors for *** use of immune modulators for COVID-19 appeared to increase the risk of BSI;however,the available data are ***,Enterococci,Acinetobacter baumannii,and Candida *** as prominent infecting organisms during the pandemic;along with Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa they had a significant impact on ***-resistant organisms prevailed in the ICU,especially if antimicrobial resistance was establish

关键词： COVID-19 Bloodstream infection ICU Antimicr obial resistance Stewardship

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Enhancement of endogenous midbrain neurogenesis by microneurotrophin BNN-20 after neural progenitor grafting in a mouse model of nigral degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1318-1324页

作者： Theodora Mourtzi Nasia Antoniou Christina Dimitriou Panagiotis Gkaravelas Georgia Athanasopoulou Panagiota Nti Kostantzo Olga Stathi efthymia Theodorou Maria Anesti Rebecca Matsas Fevronia Angelatou Georgia Kouroupi Ilias Kazanis Laboratory of Developmental Biology Department of BiologyUniversity of PatrasPatrasGreece Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells Hellenic Pasteur InstituteAthensGreece Department of Physiology School of MedicineUniversity of PatrasPatrasGreece

We have previously shown the neuroprotective and pro-neurogenic activity of microneurotrophin BNN-20 in the substantia nigra of the“weaver”mouse,a model of progressive nigrostriatal ***,we extended our investigation in two clinically-relevant ***,we assessed the effects of BNN-20 on human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells and neurons derived from healthy and parkinsonian ***,we assessed if BNN-20 can boost the outcome of mouse neural progenitor cell intranigral transplantations in weaver mice,at late stages of *** found that BNN-20 has limited direct effects on cultured human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells,marginally enhancing their differentiation towards neurons and partially reversing the pathological phenotype of dopaminergic neurons generated from parkinsonian *** agreement,we found no effects of BNN-20 on the mouse neural progenitor cells grafted in the substantia nigra of weaver ***,the graft strongly induced an endogenous neurogenic response throughout the midbrain,which was significantly enhanced by the administration of microneurotrophin *** results provide straightforward evidence of the existence of an endogenous midbrain neurogenic system that can be specifically strengthened by ***,the lack of major similar activity on cultured human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitors and their progeny reveals the in vivo specificity of the aforementioned pro-neurogenic effect.

关键词： adult neurogenesis BNN-20 brain-derived neurotrophic factor cell replacement induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) neurotrophic factors Parkinson's disease substantia

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Circadian rhythm disruption and endocrine-related tumors

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第7期15卷 818-834页

作者： Christos Savvidis efthymia Kallistrou Eleni Kouroglou Sofia Dionysopoulou Georgios Gavriiloglou Dimitra Ragia Vasiliki Tsiama Stella Proikaki Konstantinos Belis Ioannis Ilias Department of Endocrinology Hippocration General HospitalAthens GR-11527Greece

This review delved into the intricate relationship between circadian clocks and physiological processes,emphasizing their critical role in maintaining *** by interlocked clock genes,the circadian timekeeping system regulates fundamental processes like the sleep-wake cycle,energy metabolism,immune function,and cell *** central oscillator in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus synchronizes with light-dark cycles,while peripheral tissue clocks are influenced by cues such as feeding *** disruption,linked to modern lifestyle factors like night shift work,correlates with adverse health outcomes,including metabolic syndrome,cardiovascular diseases,infec-tions,and *** explored the molecular mechanisms of circadian clock genes and their impact on metabolic disorders and cancer *** associ-ations between circadian disruption and endocrine tumors,spanning breast,ovarian,testicular,prostate,thyroid,pituitary,and adrenal gland cancers,are *** work is associated with increased breast cancer risk,with PER genes influencing tumor progression and drug *** gene expression correlates with cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer,while factors like aging and intermittent fasting affect prostate *** review underscored the intricate interplay between circadian rhythms and cancer,involving the regulation of the cell cycle,DNA repair,metabolism,immune function,and the tumor *** advocated for integrating biological timing into clinical consider-ations for personalized healthcare,proposing that understanding these connec-tions could lead to novel therapeutic *** supports circadian rhythm-focused therapies,particularly chronotherapy,for treating endocrine *** review called for further research to uncover detailed connections between circadian clocks and cancer,providing essential insights for targeted *** emphasized the importance of pub

关键词： Circadian rhythm Circadian disruption Shift work CLOCK gene Cancer Endocrine tumors Chronotherapy

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Flood Vulnerability Assessment Using Satellite Imagery Data

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第12期11卷 1-12页

作者： efthymia Koliokosta Department of Shipping Trade and Transport University of the Aegean Chios Greece

As flood extreme occurrences are projected to increase in intense and frequency due to climate change, the assessment of vulnerability and the identification of the most vulnerable areas, populations, assets and systems are an urgent need. Vulnerability has been widely discussed and several flood projection tools have been developed using complex hydrological models. However, despite the significant contribution of flood projection maps to predicting the impact of potential floods, they are difficult and impractical to use by stakeholders and policy makers, while they have proven to be inefficient and out of date in several cases. This research aims to cover the gaps in coastal and riverine flood management, developing a method that models flood patterns, using geospatial data of past large flood disasters. The outcomes of this research produce a five scale vulnerability assessment method, which could be widely implemented in all sectors, including transport, critical infrastructure, public health, tourism, constructions etc. Moreover, they could facilitate decision making and provide a wide range of implementation by all stakeholders, insurance agents, land-use planners, risk experts and of course individual. According to this research, the majority of the elements exposed to flood hazards, lay at specific combinations between 1) elevation (Ei) and 2) distance from water-masses (Di), expressed as (Ei, Di), including: 1) in general landscapes: ([0 m, 1 m), [0 km, 6 km), [0 m - 3 m), [0 km, 3 km)) and ([0 m - 6 m), [0 km, 1 km)), 2) in low laying regions: ([0 m, 1 m), [0 km, 40 km), [0 m - 3 m), [0 km, 30 km)) and ([0 m - 6 m), [0 km, 15 km)) and 2) in riverine regions: ([0 m, 4 m), [0 km, 3 km)). All elements laying on these elevations and distances from water masses are considered extremely and highly vulnerable to flood extremes.

关键词： Coastal Flood Riverine Flood Vulnerability Assessment Retrospective Analysis Policy Making Decision Making Sustainability

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The Effect of Argon Inert Gas on the Laser Welding Quality of Co-Cr and Ni-Cr Base Metal Alloys

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2021年第12期14卷 442-451页

作者： Sklavou efthymia Poulis Nikolas Prombonas Anthony Division of Dental Technology Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Health and Care Sciences University of West Attica Athens Greece Centre for Dental Sciences Faculty of Health and Wellbeing University of Bolton Manchester UK

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of Argon inert gas on the laser welding quality of Co-Cr and Ni-Cr base metal alloys, which are widely used as Fixed Prosthodontics alloys in Dental Laboratories. A total of 36 specimens were manufactured (18 of Ni-Cr alloy and 18 of Co-Cr alloy). The specimens were then divided into 3 subgroups (6 specimens each): control;argon-welded;and non-Argon welded. The specimens were cut, laser welded, radiographed and finally tested under tensile strength testing, followed by examination using Scanning Electron Microscopy. The tensile strength of welded specimens was lower than the strength of non-welded specimens, however this difference was not found to be statistically significant. The material factor (Co-Cr alloy or Ni-Cr alloy) has a statistically significant effect on the tensile strength, while the presence or not of the inert gas, as well as the combination of the two factors do not have a statistically significant effect. The laser welding process applied in daily practice (separation of specimen, formation of two cones in contact, aggregation of two cones, filling of the remaining gap by welding) is considered satisfactory in terms of weld strength. The factor of the material, as an independent factor, affects the tensile strength to a statistically significant degree, in contrast to the factor of the presence of inert gas which does not affect to a statistically significant degree.

关键词： Laser Welding Co-Cr Alloys Ni-Cr Alloys Mechanical Properties Argon No Argon Environment

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An Alternative Method for Incorporating Fiber Meshes in Complete Upper Dentures

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2023年第3期16卷 43-52页

作者： Anthony Prombonas efthymia Sklavou Alexandra Ioannidou Eleni Kosma Katerina Orfanou Division of Dental Technology Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Health and Care Sciences University of West Attica Athens Greece

The most commonly used material for constructing complete dentures is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). However, the strength characteristics of PMMA, such as impact strength and fatigue strength, are poor, and fracturing of PMMA dentures is a common problem in prosthodontic practice. Reinforcing PMMA with various materials, such as carbon fibers, glass fibers (fiberglass), and ultrahigh modulus polyethylene fibers, has been suggested to strengthen the denture-base material. A common problem encountered when packing the resin on these specimens is fiber slippage beyond the denture edges. The present study proposes an alternative method of incorporating fiber meshes into complete dentures, whereby a thin filament of self-polymerizing resin at the perimeter of the fiber mesh is produced, giving a clear and stable shape to the mesh that fits the upper jaw cast. During placement of the shaped mesh on the cast, a positive-negative relationship is created between the mesh and cast, which immobilizes the mesh during the incorporation process.

关键词： Complete Upper Dentures Fibers Reinforcement Fiber Mesh

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Quality and Sensory Properties of Reduced Fat Yoghurt Made with Addition of β-Glucans

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第4期9卷 390-402页

作者： Eleni C. Pappa efthymia Kondyli William MacNaughtan Athanasia Kakouri Konstantinos Nesseris Cleanthes Israilides Dairy Research Department Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER Katsikas Greece Division of Food Sciences School of Biosciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Loughborough UK DODONI S.A. 1 Tagmatarchi Kostaki Eleousa Greece Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DEMETER 1 S.Venizelou Lycovrysi Greece

β-Glucans, isolated from Pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom, were used in the manufacture of yoghurt from reduced fat cow milk with added proteins. β-Glucans were added to the milk in the form of a paste containing 1.21% (on a dry weight basis) of β-glucans, such that the final concentrations in the yoghurt were 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5%. Control yoghurt was also manufactured from the same milk without the addition of β-glucans. The resultant yoghurts were examined for their physicochemical and microbial characteristics, gel formation and sensory properties and compared to the control at 1, 7, 14 and 21 days of storage. Results showed that the microbial population, pH, titratable acidity, ash and syneresis were not affected by the addition of different levels of glucans. The lowest fat, total solids and protein contents were recorded in the yoghurt containing 0.5% glucan. The yoghurt containing 0.3% β-glucan had the same viscosity as the control and the yoghurt containing 0.5% β-glucan had the lowest viscosity. Yoghurt with β-glucans received slightly higher scores for flavour, appearance and texture than the control. It was concluded that the incorporation of 0.3% or 0.4% β-glucans isolated from edible mushrooms, into the yoghurt does not affect the final product, which is similar or sensorially even better than the control.

关键词： β-glucans Functional Yoghurt Pleurotus citrinopileatus Mushroom

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High Resolution MR Angiography of the Posterior Cerebral Circulation: Variants, Incidence and Clinical Impact

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Open Journal of Radiology 2013年第4期3卷 209-214页

作者： Argyro Mazioti Nikolaos Economopoulos Olympia Papakonstantinou Christina Kontopoulou Dimitrios Filippiadis Aristodimos Maratsos Nikolaos Kelekis efthymia Alexopoulou 2nd Radiology Department General University Hospital “Attikon” Chaidari-Athens Greece

Objective: In the embryonic period, several developmental anomalies of the posterior cerebral circulation might occur. Digital subtractive angiography used to be the imaging technique of choice for the illustration of such variations. Nowadays, the development of MR imaging has led to a new entry in the diagnostic archer’s quivery, the MR an- giography, with which most of these variations may be diagnosed. Purpose of this study is to illustrate these anatomic variants, their incidence and their potential clinical significance. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 282 MR angiographies performed in our institution, in order to assess the posterior cerebral circulation. The imaging findings (including both normal development and variations) were depicted. Results: In our study 61/282 (21.63%) MR angiographies were positive for imaging findings concerning variations of the vertebrobasilar system. These variations included abnormal origin of the vertebral artery (0.7%), unilateral aplasia or hypoplasia (8.86%), unilateral aplasia or hypoplasia of the distal part of the vertebral artery (3.85%), and unilateral or bilateral fetal posterior cerebral artery (7.7%). These results show that anatomic variations of the posterior cerebral circulation are not very uncommon in the population. Conclusion: High resolution Magnetic Resonance Angiography provides excellent interpretation of the vertebral arteries, allowing depiction of all anatomic variations. Knowing these anatomic variations is important, espe- cially for clinicians and patients planning a surgical operation or an interventional radiology technique. Furthermore, it contributes to avoiding potential diagnostic pitfalls or to explaining unusual acute vascular cerebral events.

关键词： MRA Vertebral Arteries Variants

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ARFGEF2Knockdown Enhances TNF-αInduced Endothelial Expression of the Cell Adhesion Molecules VCAM1and ICAM1

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2013年第1期3卷 25-31页

作者： Daniel A. Dworkis Elizabeth S. Klings Sherene M. Shenouda Nadia Solovieff efthymia Melista Carl Giovannucci Surinder Safaya Guihua Li Joseph A. Vita Martin H. Steinberg Clinton T. Baldwin Center for Human Genetics Boston University School of Medicine Boston USA Department of Biostatistics Boston University School of Public Health Boston USA Department of Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston USA

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an autosomal-recessive hemoglobinopathy with a highly variable phenotype. Multiple clinical complications are characteristic of SCA including inflammatory and oxidant damage to both small and large blood vessels, hemolysis, vasoocclusion, and premature mortality. The overall severity of SCA is affected by multiple genetic modifier loci, including ARFGEF2, a gene known to modify TNF-α receptor release from human endothelial cells. In this report, we examine the effect of siRNA mediated knockdown of ARFGEF2 inhuman pulmonary artery endothelial cells and report that TNF-α induced expression of ICAM1 and VCAM1, both important mediators of endo-thelial-leukocyte adhesion, is significantly enhanced after ARFGEF2 knockdown. Levels of ICAM-1 protein are also increased in TNF-α treated endothelial cells after ARFGEF2 knockdown;the increased ICAM-1 appears to be localized in the cytoplasm. IL-1β stimulation of endothelial cells without ARFGEF2 produced enhanced ICAM1 expression only. Additionally, ARFGEF2 knockdown distinctly altered endothelial cell morphology. Large-vessel pathology in SCA is believed to begin with endothelial activation by inflammatory cytokines and adhesion of sickle erythrocytes and leukocytes, leading to a progressive vasculopathy characterized by smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. Understanding how variability in the function of ARFGEF2 alters the response of pulmonary vasculature to TNF-α might suggest new targets for SCA treatment.

关键词： Cell Adhesion Molecules Endothelium Hemoglobin Inflammation Sickle Cell Disease

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Microglandular hyperplasia-like mucinous adenocarcinoma of the endometrium: A rare case report

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World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022年第2期11卷 8-16页

作者： Helen J Trihia efthymia Souka George Galanopoulos Kitty Pavlakis Loukas Karelis Alexandros Fotiou Ioannis Provatas Department of Pathology ‘Metaxas’Memorial Cancer HospitalPiraeus 18537Greece Department of Pathology National&Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece Department of Pathology ‘IASO’General Maternity&Gynecological ClinicMaroussiAthens 15123Greece Department of Gynaecologic Oncology ‘Metaxas’Memorial Cancer HospitalPiraeus 18537Greece Department of Pathology Evangelismos District General HospitalAthens 10676Greece

BACKGROUND Microglandular hyperplasia(MGH)is a proliferation of endocervical glands,related to estrogen stimulation,mainly occurring in the reproductive age *** differential diagnosis includes endometrial adenocarcinoma with MGH-like pattern(MGA),a distinction that may be particularly problematic in curettage *** SUMMARY A 57-year-old,postmenopausal woman was admitted in our hospital for surgical *** had been diagnosed with a uterine leiomyoma,after complaints of irregular vaginal *** underwent dilatation and curettage(D&C)and subsequent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.D&C were compatible with ***,a proliferation of small glands,without intervening stroma,with mucin production,accumulation of neutrophils in the gland lumen and stroma,mild nuclear atypia and rare mitoses,were *** the hysterectomy specimen,the endometrium was thickened,but without apparent tumor *** microscopic examination,a residual similar adenocarcinoma was seen in the isthmus and more conventional-of endometrioid and mucinous type,in the rest of the *** MGH-like proliferation with mild cytologic atypia,detected in the endometrial curettage specimen of a postmenopausal woman,should alert pathologists for MGA of the ***,p16,PAX-2,CD10 and CD34 may help in the differential diagnosis.

关键词： Microglandular hyperplasia-like Microglandular-like adenocarcinoma Endometrium Curettage Pitfall

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