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Contaminated open fracture and crush injury: a murine model

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Bone research 2015年第1期3卷 31-39页

作者： Shawn r Gilbert Justin Camara richard Camara Lynn Duffy Ken Waites Hyunki Kim Kurt Zinn Department of Surgery University of Alabama at Birmingham AL USA Loma Linda School of Medicine Loma LindaCAUSA Departments of Pathology University of Alabama at BirminghamAL USA Department of radiology University of Alabama at BirminghamAL USA

Modern warfare has caused a large number of severe extremity injuries, many of which become infected. In more recent conflicts, a pattern of co-infection with Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has emerged. We attempted to recreate this pattern in an animal model to evaluate the role of vascularity in contaminated open fractures. Historically, it has been observed that infected bones frequently appear hypovascular, but vascularity in association with bone infection has not been examined in animal models. Adult rats underwent femur fracture and muscle crush injury followed by stabilization and bacterial contamination with A. baumannii complex and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus *** and perfusion were assessed by micro CT angiography and SPECT scanning, respectively, at 1, 2 and 4 weeks after injury. Quantitative bacterial cultures were also obtained. Multi-bacterial infections were successfully created, with methicillin-resistant S. aureus predominating. There was overall increase in blood flow to injured limbs that was markedly greater in bacteria-inoculated limbs. Vessel volume was greater in the infected group. Quadriceps atrophy was seen in both groups, but was greater in the infected group. In this animal model, infected open fractures had greater perfusion and vascularity than non-infected limbs.

关键词： MrSA Contaminated open fracture and crush injury a murine model

Engineering properties of the Bukit Timah Granitic residual soil in Singapore

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Underground Space 2019年第2期4卷 98-108页

作者： W.G.Zhang r.H.Zhang L.Han A.T.C.Goh Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina National Joint Engineering research Center of Geohazards Prevention in the reservoir Areas Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China Key Laboratory of rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering Ministry of EducationWuhan 430072China School of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore

Extensive site investigations were conducted prior to the construction of a Mass rapid Transit project in Singapore that was predominantly in the Bukit Timah Granite(BTG)formation residual *** paper evaluates the engineering properties of the BTG formation residual soil based on data from 208 site investigation boreholes from four different *** on the results from 2481 conventional laboratory tests and 1192 in-situ tests,this paper summarizes the engineering properties of the highly variable BTG residual soil,including conventional composition analysis,index and hydraulic properties,and strength and deformation parameters required for geotechnical analysis and *** on these results,the BTG formation is found to be quite *** the degree of weathering decreases with depth from the top of the formation,the BTG residual soil becomes sandier,with reduced silt and clay *** coefficient of permeability and the compression index of the BTG residual soil vary *** addition,the empirical equations relating the shear strength(index)to the standard penetration test(SPT)-N,as well as the equations and charts for determining stiffness,are *** findings,together with the proposed equations or charts,can be used for design guidance of similar projects related to granitic residual soils in Singapore.

关键词： Bukit Timah Granite residual soil Shear strength Stiffness Laboratory testing In-situ testing

Power coupler kick of the TrIUMF ICM capture cavities

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Chinese Physics C 2011年第6期35卷 590-595页

作者：闫芳 r. E. Laxdal V. Zvyagintsev Yu. Chao S. Koscielniak Institute of High Energy Physics CAS Beijing 100049 China TrIUMF Vancouvcr V6T2A3 Canada

The TrIUMF Injector CryoModule （ICM） adapted two superconducting single cavities as the capture section for the low injecting energy of 100 keV electrons. Coupler kick induced beam deflection and projected emittance growth are one of the prime concerns of the beam stability, especially at low energies. In low energy applications, the electron velocity changes rapidly inside the cavity, which makes the numerical analysis much more complicated. The commonly used theoretical formulas of the direct integral or the Panofsky- Wenzel theorem is not suitable for the kick calculation of β 1 electrons. Despite that, the above mentioned kick calculation method doesn’t consider injecting electron energy, the beam offset due to the coupler kick may not be negligible because of the low injection energy even if the kick is optimized. Thus the beam dynamics code TrACK is used here for the simulation of the power coupler kick perturbation. The coupler kick can be compensated for by a judicious choice of the coupler position in successive cavities from upstream to downstream. The simulation shows that because of the adiabatic damping by the following superconducting 9-cell cavity, even for the worst orbit distortion case after two capture cavities, the kick is still acceptable at the exit of the ICM after reaching 10 MeV. This paper presents the analysis of the transverse kick and the projected emittance growth induced by the coupler for β 1 electrons. The simulated results of the TrIUMF ICM capture cavities are described and presented.

关键词： coupler rF kick capture cavities β 〈1 electron

On the Mean Value Formula of Dedekind Sums

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 1999年第2期15卷 245-254页

作者： Xiali He Wenpeng Zhang, Department of Mathematics, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, P. r. China Department of Mathematics Northwest University Xi’an P. R. China

The main purpose of this paper is to use the mean value theorem of the Dirichlet L-function to study the distribution property of Dedekind sums, and to give a sharper mean value formula.

关键词： Dedekind sums Distribution of the mean value Asymptotic formula

Solvability of Elliptic Boundary Value Problems without Standard Landesman-Lazer Condition

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2000年第2期16卷 349-359页

作者： Zhiqing Han Department of Applied Mathematics.Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,P.r.China Department of Applied Mathematics Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China

In this paper we prove a very general result concerning solvability of the resonant problem: Δu+λku+g（x, u）=h（x）;u=0, xΩ, which immediately gives three generalized Landesman-Lazer conditions. The most interesting application of the general result is concerned with the problem when λk=λ1. in which case we prove solvability results for it under conditions which are not the standard Landesman-Lazer condition or only partly enjoy it. Furthermore, we propose a new sign condition and give a comprehensive extension of a main result of Figueiredo and Ni.

关键词： Elliptic boundary value problems Leray-Schauder degree continuation method Landesman-Lazer condition Semi-Landesman-Lazer conditions Sign condition

Solution and Analysis of the Fuzzy Volterra Integral Equations viaHomotopy Analysis Method

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第6期127卷 875-899页

作者： Ali.F.Jameel N.r.Anakira A.K.Alomari Noraziah H.Man School of Quantitative Sciences Universiti Utara MalaysiaKedahSintok06010Malaysia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and TechnologyIrbid National UniversityIrbid2600Jordan Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceYarmouk UniversityIrbid21163Jordan

Homotopy Analysis Method(HAM)is semi-analytic method to solve the linear and nonlinear mathematical models which can be used to obtain the approximate *** HAM includes an auxiliary parameter,which is an efficient way to examine and analyze the accuracy of linear and nonlinear *** main aim of this work is to explore the approximate solutions of fuzzy Volterra integral equations(both linear and nonlinear)with a separable kernel via *** method provides a reliable way to ensure the convergence of the approximation series.A new general form of HAM is presented and analyzed in the fuzzy domain.A qualitative convergence analysis based on the graphical method of a fuzzy HAM is *** solutions sought by the proposed method show that the HAM is easy to implement and computationally quite *** solutions of fuzzy second kind Volterra integral equations are solved as numerical examples to show the potential of the *** results also show that HAM provides an easy way to control and modify the convergence area in order to obtain accurate solutions.

关键词： Homotopy analysis method convergence control parameter fuzzy Volterra integral equations

Notes on the Borwein-Choi Conjecture of Littlewood Cyclotomic Polynomials

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2009年第1期25卷 65-76页

作者： Shao Fang HONG Wei CAOMathematical College, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. r. China Mathematical College Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China

Borwein and Choi conjectured that a polynomial P（x） with coefficients ±1 of degree N - 1 is cyclotomic iffP（x）=±Φp1（±x）ΦP2（±x^p1）…Φpr（±x^p1p2…pr-1）,where N = P1P2 … pτ and the pi are primes, not necessarily distinct. Here Φ（x）：= （x^p - 1）/（x - 1） is the p-th cyclotomic polynomial. They also proved the conjecture for N odd or a power of 2. In this paper we introduce a so-called E-transformation, by which we prove the conjecture for a wider variety of cases and present the key as well as a new approach to investigate the coniecture.

关键词： cyclotomic polynomial Littlewood polynomial E-transformation ramanujan sum least element

Combining Phytate/Ca^(2+) Fractionation with Trichloroacetic Acid/Acetone Precipitation Improved Separation of Low-Abundant Proteins of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Leaf for Proteomic Analysis

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第7期12卷 1123-1129页

作者： Muhammad A r F Sultan LIU Hui CHENG Yu-Feng ZHANG Pei-pei ZHAO Hui-xian State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F University

Proteomic assessment of low-abundance leaf proteins is hindered by the large quantity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase （rubisco） present within plant leaf tissues. In the present study, total proteins were extracted from wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） leaves by a conventional trichloroacetic acid （TCA）/acetone method and a protocol first developed in this work. Phytate/Ca2＋ fractionation and TCA/acetone precipitation were combined to design an improved TCA/acetone method. The extracted proteins were analysed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis （2-DE）. The resulting 2-DE images were compared to reveal major differences. The results showed that large quantities of rubisco were deleted from wheat leaf proteins prepared by the improved method. As many as （758±4） protein spots were detected from 2-DE images of protein extracts obtained by the improved method, 130 more than those detected by the TCA/acetone method. Further analysis indicated that more protein spots could be detected at regions of pI 4.00-4.99 and 6.50-7.00 in the improved method-based 2-DE images. Our findings indicated that the improved method is an efficient protein preparation protocol for separating low-abundance proteins in wheat leaf tissues by 2-DE analysis. The proposed protocol is simple, fast, inexpensive and also applicable to protein preparations of other plants.

关键词： Triticum aestivum L. rubisco low-abundance protein phytate/Ca2+ two-dimensional gel electrophoresis plant leaf proteomics

Solar wind transport into magnetosphere caused by magnetic reconnection at high latitude magnetopause during northward IMF: Cluster-DSP conjunction observations

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第10期51卷 1677-1684页

作者： M. DUNLOP E. LUCEK H. rME C. M. CArr rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot United Kingdom Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine London United Kingdom CESr BP4346 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4 France

An event of Cluster-Double Star conjunction observations of magnetic reconnec-tion at high latitude magnetopause nightside of both cusps and solar wind trans-port into magnetosphere caused by such reconnection process has been investi-gated. During northward IMF, Cluster/SC1 observed accelerated flows and ion heating associated with magnetic reconnection at high latitude magnetopause nightside of southern cusp. And Double Star observed cold dense solar wind plasma transported into dayside magnetosphere. The analysis on such conjunction observations shows that: (1) during northward IMF, magnetic reconnection occurs at high latitude nightside of southern cusp, accompanied by accelerated flows that are observed by Cluster/SC1; (2) the direction of the accelerated flows, with its sunward component Vx, dawnward component Vy, northward component Vz, is quite consistent with the theoretical anticipation under the condition of northward IMF with dawnward component By; (3) reconnection can heat plasma more in par-allel direction than in perpendicular direction, to a level of about 4 keV; (4) with reconnection taking place at high latitude magnetopause nightside of the southern cusp, TC-1 observed cold and dense plasma transported into magnetosphere; (5) by reconnection at high latitude magnetopause nightside of both cusps, solar wind flux tube can be captured by magnetosphere and pulled into dayside magneto-sphere. This event presents further observational evidence for magnetic reconnec-tion at high latitude magnetopause nightside of both cusps as an important mech-anism of sol-ar w-ind transport into magnetosphere.

关键词： transport process magnetic reconnection solar wind-magnetosphere interactions