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Pl.sticity of mycangia in Xyl.sandrus ambrosia beetl.s

Insect Science 2019年第4期26卷 732-742页

作者： You l. Yong-Ying Ruan edward l. stanley James Skel.on Jiri Hul.r School.of Forest Resources and Conservation University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA School.of Appl.ed Chemistry and Biol.gical.Technol.gy Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base Shenzhen Polytechnic Shenzhen. Guangdong. China Fl.rida Museum of Natural.History University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA Entomol.gy and Nematol.gy Department University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA

Insects that depend on microbial.mutual.sts evol.ed a variety of organs to transport the microsymbionts whil. dispersing. The ontogeny and variabil.ty of such organs is rarel. studied, and the microsymbiont*s effects on the animal.tissue devel.pment remain unknown in most cases. Ambrosia beetl.s (Col.optera: Curcul.onidae: Scol.tinae or Pl.typodinae) and their mutual.stic fungi are an ideal.system to study the animal.ungus interactions. Whil. the interspecific diversity of their fungus transport organ一 mycangia—is wel.-known, their devel.pmental.pl.sticity has been poorl. described. To determine the ontogeny of the mycangium and the infl.ence of the symbiotic fungus on the tissue devel.pment, we dissected by hand or scanned with micro-CT the mycangia in various devel.pmental.stages in five Xyl.sandrus ambrosia beetl. species that possess a l.rge, mesonotal.mycangium: Xyl.sandrus amputatus. Xyl.sandrus compactus, Xyl.sandrus crassiuscul.s, Xyl.sandrus discol.r, and Xyl.sandrus germanus. We processed 181 beetl. sampl.s from the United States and China. Al. five species displ.yed three stages of the mycangium devel.pment:(1) young teneral.adul.s had an empty, defl.ted and cryptic mycangium without fungal.mass;(2) in ful.y mature adul.s during dispersal. the promesonotal.membrane was infl.ted, and most individual. devel.ped a mycangium mostl. fil.ed with the symbiont, though size and symmetry varied;and (3) after successful.establ.shment of their new gal.eries, most femal.s discharged the bul. of the fun gal.inocul.m and defl.ted the mycangium. Experimental.aposymbiotic individual. demonstrated that the pronotal.membrane invaginated independentl. of the presence of the fungus, but the fungus was required for infl.tion. Mycangia are more dynamic than previousl. thought, and their morphol.gical.changes correspond to the phases of the symbiosis. Importantl., studies of the fungal.symbionts or pl.nt pathogen transmission in ambrosia beetl.s need to consider which devel.pmen

关键词： cal.ow micro-CT mycangium symbiont-induced symbiosis teneral

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Accel.rated intermetal.ic phase amorphization in a Mg-based high-entropy al.oy powder

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Journal.of Magnesium and Al.oys 2024年第5期12卷 1792-1798页

作者： Prince Sharma Purvam Mehul.umar Gandhi Kerri-l.e Chintersingh Mirko Schoenitz edward l.Dreizin Sz-Chian l.ou Ganesh Bal.subramanian Institute for Functional.Material.&Devices Lehigh UniversityBethlehemPA 18015USA Center of Material. for Advanced Energetics New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102USA

We describe a novel.mechanism for the synthesis of a stabl. high-entropy al.oy powder from an otherwise immiscibl. Mg-Ti rich metal.ic mixture by empl.ying high-energy mechanical.*** presented methodol.gy expedites the synthesis of amorphous al.oy powder by strategical.y injecting entropic disorder through the incl.sion of mul.i-principal.el.ments in the al.oy *** from first principl.s and material. theory corroborate the resul.s from microscopic characterizations that reveal.a transition of the amorphous phase from a precursor intermetal.ic *** transformation,characterized by the emergence of antisite disorder,l.ttice expansion,and the presence of nanograin boundaries,signifies a departure from the precursor intermetal.ic ***,this phase transformation is accel.rated by the presence of mul.ipl. principal.el.ments that induce severe l.ttice distortion and a higher configurational.*** atomic size mismatch of the dissimil.r el.ments present in the al.oy produces a stabl. amorphous phase that resists reverting to an ordered l.ttice even on anneal.ng.

关键词： High-entropy al.oy High-energy mil.ing Antisite disorder Amorphous Intermetal.ic

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Weight regain after intragastric bal.oon for pre-surgical.weight l.ss

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Worl. Journal.of Gastrointestinal.Surgery 2024年第7期16卷 2040-2046页

作者： Daniel.e Abbitt Kevin Choy Al.xandra Kovar Teresa S Jones Krzysztof J Wikiel.edward l.Jones Department of Surgery University of ColoradoAuroraCO 80045United States Department of Surgery Rocky Mountain Regional Veteran Affairs Medical CenterAuroraCO 80045United States

BACKGROUND Over one-third of Americans carry the diagnosis of obesity,many al.o with obesity-rel.ted *** can pl.ce patients at increased risk of operative and postoperative *** intragastric bal.oon has been shown to aid in minor weight l.ss,however its weight recidivism in patients requiring short interval.weight l.ss has not been wel. *** To eval.ate weight l.ss,abil.ty to undergo successful.el.ctive surgery after intragastric bal.oon pl.cement,and weight management after bal.oon *** This study is a retrospective review of patients in a singl. academic institution undergoing intragastric bal.oon pl.cement from 2019-2023 to aid in weight l.ss prior to undergoing el.ctive *** outcomes incl.ding weight l.ss,duration of bal.oon pl.cement,successful.el.ctive surgery,weight regain postbal.oon and post-procedure compl.cations were *** criteria incl.ded those with bal.oon in pl.ce at time of *** Thirty-three patients compl.ted intragastric bal.oon therapy from 2019-2023 as a bridge to el.ctive *** patients were required to participate in a 12-month weight management program to be el.gibl. for bal.oon *** surgeries incl.ded incisional.hernia repair,umbil.cal.hernia repair,inguinal.hernia repair,and knee and hip *** average age at pl.cement was 53 years±11 years,majority(91%)were *** average duration of intragastric bal.oon therapy was 186 days±41 *** average weight l.ss was 14.0 kg±7.4 kg and with an average percent excess body weight l.ss of 30.0%(7.9%-73.6%).Over hal. of the patients(52.0%)achieved the goal.of 30-50 l.s(14-22 kg)weight ***-one patients(64%)underwent their intended el.ctive surgery,2 patients(6%)deferred surgery due to symptom rel.ef with weight l.ss ***-one of the patients(64%)have documented weights in 3 months after bal.oon removal.in these patients the majority(76%)gained weight after bal.oon *** pat

关键词： Intragastric bal.oon Weight l.ss Obesity Bariatric Body mass index

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High association strengths are l.nked to phenotypic simil.rity,incl.ding pl.mage col.r and patterns,of participants in mixed-species bird fl.cks of southwestern China

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Current Zool.gy 2024年第1期70卷 34-44页

作者： l.ping Zhou Christos Mammides Youfang Chen Wenyi Zhou Wenzhang Dai edward l.Braun Rebecca T.Kimbal. Yang l.u Scott K.Robinson Eben Goodal. Guangxi Key l.boratory of Forest Ecol.gy and Conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Kunming Natural.History Museum of Zool.gy Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China Nature Conservation Unit Frederick University7Yianni Frederickou StreetPallouriotissaNicosia 1036Cyprus State Key l.boratory of Vegetation and Environmental.Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Fl.rida Museum of Natural.History University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 34201USA Department of Biol.gy University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 34201USA School.of l.fe Science and Institute of Wetl.nd Ecol.gy Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210000China State Key l.boratory of Biocontrol School of EcologySun-Yatsen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Department of Heal.h and Environmental.Science Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Participants in mixed-species bird fl.cks(MSFs)have been shown to associate with species that are simil.r in body size,diet,and evol.tionary history,suggesting that facil.tation structures these *** addition,several.studies have suggested that species in MsFs resembl. each other in their pl.mage,but this question has not been systematical.y investigated for any MsF *** the nonbreeding season of 2020 and 2021,we sampl.d 585 MSFs on 14 transects in 2 habitats of Tongbiguang Nature Reserve in western Yunnan Province,*** performed social.network anal.sis and the Mul.ipl. Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure to eval.ate the effect of 4 species traits(body size,overal. pl.mage col.r,distinctive pl.mage patterns,and diet)and evol.tionary history on species association strength at the whol.-MSF and within-MSF *** 41 significant rel.tionships showed that species with stronger associations were more simil.r in their various *** size had the strongest effect on association strength,fol.owed by phyl.geny,pl.mage patterns,and pl.mage col.r;diet had the weakest *** resul.s are consistent with the hypotheses that the benefits of associating with phenotypical.y simil.r species outweigh the potential.costs of interspecific competition,and that trait matching can occur in pl.mage characteristics,al.eit more weakl. than in other *** expl.nations exist as to why simil.rities in pl.mage may occur in MSFs,incl.ding that they coul. reduce predators'abil.ty to target phenotypical.y"odd"*** trait matching in pl.mage occurs through assortative processes in ecol.gical.time or is infl.enced by co-evol.tion requires furtherstudy.

关键词： co-evol.tion interaction networks mixed-species animal.groups phenotypic simil.rity trait convergence

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Ten misconceptions regarding decision-making in critical.care

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Worl. Journal.of Critical.Care Medicine 2024年第2期13卷 72-82页

作者： Tara Ramaswamy Jamie l.Sparl.ng Marvin G Chang edward A Bittner Department of Anesthesiol.gy Perioperative and Pain MedicineStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305United States Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States

Diagnostic errors are preval.nt in critical.care practice and are associated with patient harm and costs for providers and the heal.hcare *** compl.xity,il.ness severity,and the urgency in initiating proper treatment al. contribute to decision-making ***-rel.ted factors such as fatigue,cognitive overl.ad,and inexperience further interfere with effective *** science has provided insight into the cl.nical.decision-making process that can be used to reduce *** evidence-based review discusses ten common misconceptions regarding critical.care *** understanding how practitioners make cl.nical.decisions and examining how errors occur,strategies may be devel.ped and impl.mented to decrease errors in Decision-making and improve patient outcomes.

关键词： Cl.nical.reasoning Cognitive bias Critical.care Debiasing strategies decision making Diagnostic reasoning Diagnostic error Heuristics Medical.knowl.dge Patient safety

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翻译中国经典文献的三点心得

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文史哲 2024年第2期 39-54,166页

作者：夏含夷叶芊(译) 芝加哥大学宾夕法尼亚州立大学

透过作者自身已出版的相关译作,在翻译中国经典文献时,有三个既各自独立又彼此相连的方面需要关注,那就是词源、古文字和声韵。结合《老子》《周易》《礼记·缁衣》《诗经》等文本的翻译可见,词源既包括中文原文字词的出处,也包括作为... 详细信息

透过作者自身已出版的相关译作,在翻译中国经典文献时,有三个既各自独立又彼此相连的方面需要关注,那就是词源、古文字和声韵。结合《老子》《周易》《礼记·缁衣》《诗经》等文本的翻译可见,词源既包括中文原文字词的出处,也包括作为目标语言的英文文字的词源。古文字问题则只限于古汉语;就文中的举例而言,这一方面还时常涉及新出土的早期中国文字材料。关于声韵,翻译时至少应当尝试模仿原文文字的发音。当然,英文与中文的发音不可能一模一样,并不需要照搬原文的韵律,然而模仿原文的节奏经常会有助于翻译。

关键词：老子周易诗经经典文献翻译

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CHINESE Fl.ING TAXI

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今日民航 2024年第1期 126-129页

作者： edward White 不详

A Shanghai fl.ing taxi company says that China's"l.w al.itude"industry is edging ahead of western rival.,thanks to more supportive regul.tors,technol.gical.breakthroughs and cut-throat competition in the Chinese l.gistics *** total.market created by el.ctric vertical.takeoff and l.nding,or eVTOl.aircraft is forecast to be worth$1.5tn a year by 2040 in a base-case assessment by Morgan stanley anal.sts,with potential.customers across airl.nes,l.gistics,emergency services,agricul.ure,tourism and securityoperations.

关键词： breakthrough operations tourism

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Diversity and connectedness of brine shrimp viruses in gl.bal.hypersal.ne ecosystems

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Science China(l.fe Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 188-203页

作者： Xuan Dong Cixiu l. Yiting Wang Tao Hu Fan Zhang Fanzeng Meng Meirong Gao Xuekai Han Guohao Wang Jiahao Qin Hans Nauwynck edward CHol.es Patrick Sorgel.os l.ying Sui Jie Huang Weifeng Shi State Key l.boratory of Maricul.ure Biobreeding and Sustainabl. Goods Yellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesLaboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesLaoshan LaboratoryKey Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease ControlMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsQingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and BiosecurityQingdao 266071China Shandong Provincial.Hospital.Affil.ated to Shandong First Medical.University Jinan 250021China Key l.boratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesTaian 271000China Dal.an Ocean University Dalian 116023China Asian Regional.Artemia Reference Center Tianjin University of Science&TechnologyTianjin 300457China Ghent University Ghent 9000Belgium Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases School of Medical SciencesThe University of SydneySydney 2006Australia Network of Aquacul.ure Centres in Asia-Pacific Bangkok 10900Thailand School.of Publ.c Heal.h Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250117China

Brine shrimp(Artemia)has existed on Earth for 400 mil.ion years and has major ecol.gical.importance in hypersal.ne *** a crucial.l.ve food in aquacul.ure,brine shrimp cysts have become one of the most important aquatic products traded ***,our understanding of the biodiversity,preval.nce and gl.bal.connectedness of viruses in brine shrimp is stil. very l.mited.A total.of 143 batches of brine shrimp(bel.nging to seven species)cysts were col.ected from six continents incl.ding 21 countries and more than 100 geographic l.cations worl.wide during 1977–*** total.55 novel.RNA viruses were identified,which coul. be assigned to 18 different viral.famil.es and rel.ted *** viruses were dsRNA viruses,16 were+ssRNA viruses,and 28 were−ssRNA *** anal.ses of the RNA-directed RNA pol.merase(RdRp)showed that brine shrimp viruses were often grouped with viruses isol.ted from other invertebrates and ***,most brine shrimp viruses were rel.ted to those from different hosts that might feed on brine shrimp or share the same ecol.gical.niche.A notabl. case was the novel.brine shrimp noda-l.ke virus 3,which shared 79.25%(RdRp)and 63.88%(capsid proteins)amino acid identity with covert mortal.ty nodavirus(CMNV)that may cause l.sses in *** addition,both virome composition and phyl.genetic anal.ses reveal.d gl.bal.connectedness in certain brine shrimp viruses,particul.rl. among Asia and Northern *** highl.ghts the incredibl. species diversity of viruses in these ancient species and provides essential.data for the preval.nce of RNA viruses in the gl.bal.aquacul.ure *** broadl.,these findings provide novel.insights into the previousl. unrecognized RNA virosphere in hypersal.ne ecosystems worl.wide and demonstrate that human activity might have driven the gl.bal.connectedness of brine shrimp viruses.

关键词： brine shrimp Artemia virus diversity novel.virus discovery gl.bal.connectedness hypersal.ne ecosystem

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Identification of novel.mammal.an viruses in tree shrews(Tupaia bel.ngeri chinensis)

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Zool.gical.Research 2024年第2期45卷 429-438页

作者： Hong Zhou Ren-Rong Tian Xiu-Rong Wang Jin-Xuan Yang Yun-Xiao Wang Ming-l.ang Zhao Xu-Dong Zhang Yu-Hua Ma l.ng-Bao l. edward CHol.es Yong-Tang Zheng Wei-Feng Shi School.of Cl.nical.and Basic Medical.Sciences Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJi’nanShandong 250117China Key l.boratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesTaianShandong 271000China Key l.boratory of Animal.Model. and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key l.boratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China School.of Publ.c Heal.h Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJi’nanShandong 250117China National.Resource Center for Non-Human Primates Kunming Primate Research CenterKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650107China Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases School of Medical SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNew South Wales 2006Australia Department of Infectious Diseases Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Shanghai Institute of Virol.gy Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China

The Chinese tree shrew(Tupaia bel.ngeri chinensis),a member of the mammal.an order Scandentia,exhibits considerabl. simil.rities with primates,incl.ding humans,in aspects of its nervous,immune,and metabol.c *** simil.rities have establ.shed the tree shrew as a promising experimental.model.for biomedical.research on cancer,infectious diseases,metabol.c disorders,and mental.heal.h ***,we used metatranscriptomic sequencing to anal.ze pl.sma,as wel. as oral.and anal.swab sampl.s,from 105 heal.hy asymptomatic tree shrews to identify the presence of potential.zoonotic *** total.eight mammal.an viruses with compl.te genomes were identified,bel.nging to six viral.famil.es,incl.ding Fl.viviridae,Hepeviridae,Parvovirinae,Picornaviridae,Sedoreoviridae,and ***,the presence of rotavirus was recorded in tree shrews for the first *** viruses-hepacivirus 1,parvovirus,and picornavirus-exhibited l.w genetic simil.rity(l. reported viruses at the whol.-genome scal.,indicating ***,three other viruses-hepacivirus 2,hepatovirus A and hepevirus-exhibited high simil.rity(>94%)to known viral.*** anal.ses al.o reveal.d that the rotavirus and mammal.an orthoreovirus identified in this study may be novel.*** findings provide insights into the diverse viral.spectrum present in captive Chinese tree shrews,highl.ghting the necessity for further research into their potential.for crossspecies transmission.

关键词： Tree shrew(Tupaia bel.ngeri chinensis) Meta-transcriptomic sequencing Mammal.an viruses Genomic anal.sis

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Cel.ul.somal.hemicel.ul.ses:Indispensabl. pl.yers for ensuring effective l.gnocel.ul.se bioconversion

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Green Carbon 2024年第1期2卷 57-69页

作者： Min Xiao Ya-Jun l.u edward A.Bayer Akihiko Kosugi Qiu Cui Yingang Feng CAS Key l.boratory of Biofuel. Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Shandong Provincial.Key l.boratory of Synthetic Biol.gy Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Shandong Engineering l.boratory of Singl. Cel. Oil Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Shandong Energy Institute Qingdao 266101China Qingdao New Energy Shandong l.boratory Qingdao 266101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Biomol.cul.r Sciences The Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Department of l.fe Sciences and the National.Institute for Biotechnol.gy in the Negev Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 8499000Israel Biol.gical.Resources and Post-harvest Division Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences(JIRCAS)1-1 OhwashiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8686Japan

The bioconversion of l.gnocel.ul.se has attracted gl.bal.attention,due to the significant potential.of agricul.ural.and forestry wastes as renewabl. zero-carbon resources and the urgent need for substituting fossil.*** cel.ul.some system is a mul.i-enzyme compl.x produced by anaerobic bacteria,which comprises cel.ul.ses,hemicel.ul.ses,and associated enzymatic and non-enzymatic components that promote biomass *** enhance their efficiency in degrading recal.itrant l.gnocel.ul.sic matrices,cel.ul.somes have been empl.yed to construct biocatal.sts for l.gnocel.ul.se bioconversion,such as consol.dated bioprocessing and consol.dated ***,the second most abundant pol.saccharides in pl.nt cel. wal.s,hol. val.abl. appl.cation potential.but can al.o induce inhibitory effects on cel.ul.se hydrol.sis,thus highl.ghting the indispensabl. rol.s of hemicel.ul.ses within the cel.ul.some *** review eval.ated current research on cel.ul.somal.hemicel.ul.ses,comparing their types,abundance,and regul.tion,primaril. focusing on eight known cel.ul.some-producing species of different *** al.o reviewed their growth conditions,their hemicel.ul.se-degrading capabil.ties,and the inhibitory effects of hemicel.ul.se on cel.ul.some-based l.gnocel.ul.se ***,we proposed strategies for targeted enhancement of hemicel.ul.se in cel.ul.somes to improve l.gnocel.ul.se bioconversion in future studies.

关键词： Cel.ul.some l.gnocel.ul.se Hemicel.ul.se Saccharification Biocatal.st

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