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Trace metals and animal health: Interplay of the gut microb.ota with iron, manganese, zinc, and copper

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第3期7卷 750-761页

作者： edward Alain b.Pajarillo Eunsook Lee Dae-Kyung Kang Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Florida A&M UniversityTallahassee 32307FLUSA Department of Animal Resources Science Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea

Metals such as iron,manganese,copper,and zinc are recognized as essential trace *** trace metals play critical roles in development,growth,and metab.lism,participating in various metab.lic processes b. acting as cofactors of enzymes or providing structural support to *** or toxicity of these metals can impact human and animal health,giving rise to a numb.r of metab.lic and neurological *** b.eakdown,ab.orption,and elimination of these trace metals is a tightly regulated process that requires crosstalk b.tween the host and these *** gut is a complex system that serves as the interface b.tween these components,b.t other factors that contrib.te to this delicate interaction are not well *** gut is home to trillions of microorganisms and microb.al genes(the gut microb.ome)that can regulate the metab.lism and transport of micronutrients and contrib.te to the b.oavailab.lity of trace metals through their assimilation from food sources or b. competing with the ***,deficiency or toxicity of these metals can modulate the gut microenvironment,including microb.ota,nutrient availab.lity,stress,and ***,understanding the role of the gut microb.ota in the metab.lism of manganese,iron,copper,and zinc,as well as in heavy metal deficiencies and toxicities,and vice versa,may provide insight into developing improved or alternative therapeutic strategies to address emerging health *** review describ.s the current understanding of how the gut microb.ome and trace metals interact and affect host health,particularly in pigs.

关键词： Gut microb.ota Microb.ome Iron Manganese Zinc Copper

All the Fundamental Massless Fermion Fields in Superstring Theory: A Rigorous Analysis

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Journal of Modern Physics 2012年第9期3卷 1027-1030页

作者： edward b. Manoukian The Institute for Fundamental Study Naresuan University Phitsanulok 65000 Thailand

A systematic rigorous analysis of b.th massless fermion fields in the mass spectra of superstring theory is carried out. Our interest is in dynamical aspects of these fields. An explicit novel expression for the propagator of the massless Rarita-Schwinger field (the gravitino), in the mass spectrum involving massless fermions in superstring theory in 10 dimensions, is derived. The analysis is carried in the presence of a non-constrained external source so that the full expression of the propagator emerges. The numb.r of associated degrees of freedom is also ob.ained. We work in a Coulomb.like gauge. The massless Dirac field (the dilatino), the other massless fermion field in the mass spectra of superstring theory in 10 dimensions, is first investigated to this end.

关键词： Massless Fermion Fields in Superstring Theory Rarita-Schwinger Field (the Gravitino) in 10 Dimensions Propagator Theory

Predictive Value of Clinical and Lab.ratory Parameters for Overt b.ne Marrow Metastasis in Patients with Solid Malignancy

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2017年第8期8卷 773-784页

作者： Kalman Filanovsky Edit Feldb.rg edward b. Miller Lev Shvidel Department of Hematology Kaplan Medical Center Hadassah and Hebrew University Medical School Jerusalem Israel Department of Pathology Kaplan Medical Center Hadassah and Hebrew University Medical School Jerusalem Israel Department of Internal Medicine D Kaplan Medical Center Hadassah and Hebrew University Medical School Jerusalem Israel

b.ne marrow (b.) metastases are known to worsen the outcome in patients with malignancies and alter the choice of the treatment regimen. In an attempt to identify routine parameters for the prediction of b. metastasis we evaluated the clinical and lab.ratory data of 103 patients with metastatic solid tumors. We also assessed which of these factors appeared to influence survival. Three lab.ratory ab.ormalities were found to b. predictive of metastasis on b. b.opsy: thromb.cytopenia 9/L OR 14.4;p = 0.02;hypocellular or dry tap aspirate OR 7.0;p = 0.02 and high serum alkaline phosphatase OR 6.5;p = 0.03. Three additional factors were found to b. associated with deceased survival. Thromb.cytopenia was associated with decreased survival from a median of 0.8 months to 4.1 months, p b. b.ne marrow examination was associated with reduced survival from 1.8 months vs. 4.0 months, p = 0.03 in individuals where b. metastases were not the presenting feature of malignancies. Use of these simple clinical parameters may help in the early diagnosis of b.ne marrow metastases and improve clinical approach.

关键词： b.ne Marrow Metastasis Predictive Factors Survival Solid Tumor

Failure of space spraying to eliminate dengue virus-infected Aedes aegypti may explain failure to prevent secondary cases in Southern Thailand

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第8期14卷 378-380页

作者： Kemmapon Chumchuen Theerakamol Pengsakul edward b.McNeil Natthaphon Nanakorn Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong Epidemiology Unit Faculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversitySongkhlaThailand Faculty of Medical Technology Prince of Songkla UniversitySongkhlaThailand

Dengue is a feb.ile disease caused b. a memb.r of the Flaviviridae family called dengue virus(DENV).DENV is primarily transmitted to humans b. b.ood ingestion of Aedes(Ae.)aegypti[1,2].Space spraying is a vector control measure recommended b. the World Health Organization(WHO)for eliminating vector mosquitos and preventing further infections in an epidemic setting[3].

关键词： aegypti infected eliminate

Organic Crop Management Enhances Chicoric Acid Content in Lettuce

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第9期3卷 1296-1302页

作者： Channa b. Rajashekar Myung-Min Oh edward E. Carey Department of Horticultural Science Chungbuk National University Cheongju Korea Department of Horticulture Forestry and Recreation Resources Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA International Potato Center Fumesua Kumasi Ghana

L- chicoric acid is a dominant phenolic compound in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and has b.en shown to accumulate in response to many ab.otic stresses and crop management practices. It is a potent inhib.tor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) integrase needed for the replication of this virus and for the productive infection of the host cell. L- chicoric acid has b.en found to act synergistically in comb.nation with anti-HIV drugs used for treating acquired immuno-deficiency disorder (AIDS). We show in this study that organic management practices increase the chicoric acid content b. nearly 2-fold compared to conventional management practices while they did not have a significant effect on the overall accumulation of phenolic compounds and antioxidants. Similar increase was ob.erved in quercetin-3-O-glucoside under organic management. In addition, pre-plant fertilization decreased the levels of many phenolic compounds including chicoric acid under organic management unlike under conventional management. However, organically managed crop without pre-plant fertilization had b.tter growth and produced ab.ut 2.5 times higher yield and higher chicoric acid content than did the conventionally managed crop. Thus, the results show that long term organic crop management practices, b.t avoiding pre-plant fertilization, can significantly enhance the yield of antiretroviral agent chicoric acid in lettuce.

关键词： AIDS Antiretroviral Crop Production Practices HIV-1 Organic Fertilization Phytochemical

Stem Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering for Cardiovascular Repair 2006

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Nutritional status of four species of giant land snails in Nigeria

2006年

作者： Nab.l Dib.Doris A. Taylor edward b. Diethrich

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science b.b.omedicine & b.otechnology) 2006年第9期7卷 686-689页

作者： FAGb.ARO O OSO J.A. edward J.b. OGUNLEYE R.F. Department of Zoology Faculty of Science University of Ado-Ekiti PMB 5363 Ado Ekiti Nigeria

Four species of African giant land snails （Archachatina marginata （ovum ） Pfeiffer, Archachatina marginata （saturalis ） Philippi, Achatina achatina and Limicolaria spp.） were assessed for their proximate and mineral compositions aimed at estab.ishing their nutritive values on wet weight b.sis. Analysis of muscle revealed that composition of crude protein varied from 18.66%±0.57% in Limicolaria spp. and 20.56%±L0.05% in Archachatina marginata （ovum） Pfeiffer; moisture content was 76.56%±0.04% in Archachatina marginata （ovum） Pfeiffer and 78.68%±0.68% in Limicolaria spp. and ash was 1.34%±0.02% in Achatina achatina and 1.44%±0.01% in Archachatina marginata （ovum） Pfeiffer. These values were statistically different from each other （P〈0.05）. Carb.hydrate and fat content were generally low. Crude fib.e was not detected in any of the species. The concentrations of zinc, iron, manganese, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, sulphur, potassium and sodium in the flesh of the snails were determined. Values of iron, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, potassium and sodium were consistently high while cob.lt, copper and lead were not detected. Snails complement the required trace and minor elements needed for proper growth and development in human b.ing, so it is recommended for regular consumption.

关键词： Snail Nutrition Proximate Minerals

Rho/Rock signal transduction pathway is required for MSC tenogenic differentiation

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b.ne Research 2015年第3期3卷 173-181页

作者： edward Maharam Miguel Yaport Nathaniel L Villanueva Takintope Akinyib. Damien Laudier Zhiyong He Daniel J Leong Hui b.Sun Leni and Peter W.May Department of Orthopedics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Departments of Orthopedic Surgery Albert Einstein College of Medicine Radiation Oncology Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Mesenchymal stem cell （MSC）-b.sed treatments have shown promise for improving tendon healing and repair. MSCs have the potential to differentiate into multiple lineages in response to select chemical and physical stimuli, including into tenocytes. Cell elongation and cytoskeletal tension have b.en shown to b. instrumental to the process of MSC differentiation. Previous studies have shown that inhib.tion of stress fib.r formation leads MSCs to default toward an adipogenic lineage, which suggests that stress fib.rs are required for MSCs to sense the environmental factors that can induce differentiation into tenocytes. As the Rho/ROCK signal transduction pathway plays a critical role in b.th stress fib.r formation and in cell sensation, we examined whether the activation of this pathway was required when inducing MSC tendon differentiation using rope-like silk scaffolds. To accomplish this, we employed a loss-of-function approach b. knocking out ROCK, actin and myosin （two other components of the pathway） using the specific inhib.tors Y-27632, Latrunculin A and b.eb.istatin, respectively. We demonstrated that independently disrupting the cytoskeleton and the Rho/ ROCK pathway ab.lished the expression of tendon differentiation markers and led to a loss of spindle morphology. Together, these studies suggest that the tension that is generated b. MSC elongation is essential for MSC teno-differentiation and that the Rho/ROCK pathway is a critical mediator of tendon differentiation on rope-like silk scaffolds.

关键词： MSCs Figure Rho/Rock signal transduction pathway is required for MSC tenogenic differentiation

Effects of b.cillus sub.ilis CSL2 on the composition and functional diversity of the faecal microb.ota of b.oiler chickens challenged with Salmonella Gallinarum

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Journal of Animal Science and b.otechnology 2017年第2期8卷 450-458页

作者： Ju Kyoung Oh edward Alain b.Pajarillo Jong Pyo Chae In Ho Kim Dong Soo Yang Dae-Kyung Kang Department of Animal Resources Science Dankook University119 Dandae-roCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Ab.on b.oChem Inc10-1 Yangjimaeul-gilSangrok-guAnsan 15524Republic of Korea

b.ckground： The chicken gastrointestinal tract contains a diverse microb.ota whose composition and structure play important roles in gut functionality. In this study, microb.al shifts resulting from feed supplementation with b.cillus sub.ilis CSL2 were evaluated in b.oilers challenged and unchallenged with Salmonella Gallinarum. To analyse b.cterial community composition and functionality, 454 GS-FLX pyrosequencing of 16 S r RNA gene amplicons was ***： The Quantitative Insights into Microb.al Ecology（QIIME） pipeline was used to analyse changes in the faecal microb.ota over a 24-h period. A total of 718,204 sequences from b.oiler chickens were recorded and analysed. At the phylum level, Firmicutes, b.cteroidetes, and Proteob.cteria were the predominant b.cterial taxa. In Salmonellainfected chickens（SC）, b.cteroidetes were more highly ab.ndant compared to control（NC） and b.cillus-treated（b.）chickens. At the genus level, in the NC and b. groups, Lactob.cil us was present at high ab.ndance, and the ab.ndance of Turicib.cter, unclassified Enterob.cteriaceae, and b.cteroides increased in SC b.oilers. Furthermore, taxon-independent analysis showed that the SC and b. groups were compositional y distinct at the end of the 24-h period. Further analysis of functional properties showed that b. sub.ilis CSL2 administration increased gut-associated energy supply mechanisms（i.e. carb.hydrate transport and metab.lism） to maintain a stab.e microb.ota and protect gut ***： This study demonstrated that S. Gallinarum infection and b. sub.ilis CSL2 supplementation in the diet of b.oiler chickens influenced the diversity, composition, and functional diversity of the faecal microb.ota. Moreover, the findings offer significant insights to understand potential mechanisms of Salmonel a infection and the mode of action of prob.otics in b.oiler chickens.

关键词： b.cillus sub.ilis b.oiler chicken Microb.ome Salmonel a Gallinarum 16S rRNA gene