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Global wood anatomical perspective on the onset of the Late Antique Little Ice Age (LALIA) in the mid-6th century CE

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Science Bulletin 2022年第22期67卷 2336-2344页

作者： Ulf Büntgen Alan Crivellaro Dominique Arseneault Mike Baillie David Barclay Mauro Bernabei Jarno Bontadi Gretel Boswijk David Brown Duncan A.Christie Olga V.Churakova edward r.cook rosanne D’Arrigo Nicole Davi Jan Esper Patrick Fonti Ciara Greaves rashit M.Hantemirov Malcolm K.Hughes Alexander V.Kirdyanov Paul J.Krusic Carlos Le Quesne Fredrik C.Ljungqvist Michael Mc.Cormick Vladimir S.Myglan Kurt Nicolussi Clive Oppenheimer Jonathan Palmer Chun Qin Frederick reinig Matthew Salzer Markus Stoffel Max Torbenson Mirek Trnka ricardo Villalba Nick Wiesenberg Greg Wiles Bao Yang Alma Piermattei Department of Geography University of CambridgeCambridge CB23ENUK Swiss Federal research Institute(WSL) Birmensdorf 8903Switzerland Global Change research Centre(CzechGlobe) Brno 60300Czech Republic Department of Geography Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrno 61300Czech Republic Forest Biometrics Laboratory Faculty of Forestry“Stefan cel Mare”University of SuceavaSuceava 720229Romania Department of Biology Chemistry and GeographyUniversity of Quebec in RimouskiRimouski Qc.G5L 3A1Canada Archaeology&Palaeoecology School of Natural and Built EnvironmentQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUK Department of Geology State University of New York at CortlandCortland NY 13045USA CNr-IBE Institute of BioEconomyNational Research CouncilTrento 38121Italy School of Environment The University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global Universidad Austral de ChileValdivia 509000Chile Center for Climate and resilience research(Cr) Santiago 8370449Chile Cape Horn International Center(CHIC) Punta Arenas 6200000Chile Institute of Ecology and Geography Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarsk 660041Russia Tree-ring Laboratory Lamont-Doherty Earth ObservatoryColumbia UniversityPalisades NY 10964USA Department of Environmental Science William Paterson UniversityWayne NJ 07470USA Department of Geography Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainz 55099Germany Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology Ural BranchRussian Academy of SciencesYekaterinburg 620144Russia Ural Institute of Humanities Ural Federal UniversityYekaterinburg 620002Russia Laboratory of Tree-ring research University of ArizonaTucson AZ 85721USA Sukachev Institute of Forest SB rAS Krasnoyarsk 660036Russia Department of Physical Geography Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Department of History Stockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Bolin Centre for Climate research Stockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study

Linked to major volcanic eruptions around 536 and 540 CE, the onset of the Late Antique Little Ice Age has been described as the coldest period of the past two millennia. The exact timing and spatial extent of this exceptional cold phase are, however, still under debate because of the limited resolution and geographical distribution of the available proxy archives. Here, we use 106 wood anatomical thin sections from 23forest sites and 20 tree species in both hemispheres to search for cell-level fingerprints of ephemeral summer cooling between 530 and 550 CE. After cross-dating and double-staining, we identified 89Blue rings(lack of cell wall lignification), nine Frost rings(cell deformation and collapse), and 93Light rings(reduced cell wall thickening) in the Northern Hemisphere. Our network reveals evidence for the strongest temperature depression between mid-July and early-August 536 CE across North America and Eurasia, whereas more localised cold spells occurred in the summers of 532, 540–43, and548 CE. The lack of anatomical signatures in the austral trees suggests limited incursion of stratospheric volcanic aerosol into the Southern Hemisphere extra-tropics, that any forcing was mitigated by atmosphere-ocean dynamical responses and/or concentrated outside the growing season, or a combination of factors. Our findings demonstrate the advantage of wood anatomical investigations over traditional dendrochronological measurements, provide a benchmark for Earth system models, support cross-disciplinary studies into the entanglements of climate and history, and question the relevance of global climate averages.

关键词： Blue rings Climate extremes Dendrochronology Late Antiquity Tree rings Volcanic eruptions

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Hydrogels for the management of second-degree burns:currently available options and future promise

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Burns & Trauma 2022年第1期10卷 71-87页

作者： Katherine A.cook Edith Martinez-Lozano robert Sheridan edward K.rodriguez Ara Nazarian Mark W.Grinstaff Department of Chemistry Biomedical Engineeringand MedicineBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA Musculoskeletal Translational Innovation Initiative Carl J.ShapiroDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02215USA Shriners Hospitals for Children and Burns Service Department of SurgeryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02214USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Yerevan State Medical UniversityYerevanArmenia

Burn wounds result from exposure to hot liquids,chemicals,fire,electric discharge or *** severity ranges from first-degree injury,which is superficial,to fourth-degree injury,which exposes bone,tendons and *** assessment of burn depth and accurate wound management in the outpatient setting is critical to prevent injury progression into deeper layers of the *** progression is of particular pertinence to second-degree burns,which are the most common form of thermal *** our understanding of wound healing advances,treatment options and technologies for second-degree burn management also *** hydrogels are a class of burn wound dressings that adhere to tissue,absorb wound exudate,protect from the environment,can be transparent facilitating serial wound evaluation and,in some cases,enable facile removal for dressing *** review briefly describes the burn level classification and common,commercially available dressings used to treat second-degree burns,and then focuses on new polymeric hydrogel burn dressings under preclinical development analyzing their design,structure and *** review presents the follow key learning points:(1)introduction to the integument system and the wound-healing process;(2)classification of burns according to severity and clinical appearance;(3)available dressings currently used for second-degree burns;(4)introduction to hydrogels and their preparation and characterization techniques;and(5)pre-clinical hydrogel burn wound dressings currently being developed.

关键词： Burn Wound Hydrogel Dressing Second-degree

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Development of a Canadian Adaptation of the Facts on Aging Quiz

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Advances in Aging research 2016年第3期5卷 71-77页

作者： edward Helmes Department of Psychology James Cook University Townsville Australia

Accurate knowledge about older adults is desirable for research into aging populations. The Palmore Facts on Aging Quiz (FAQ) has been one of the most widely used measures of knowledge about aging that has been used in English-speaking countries. The original true-false version has largely been replaced by the current multiple-choice format. Here I present data on a Canadian multiple-choice FAQ from 172 older adult residents in the community with a mean age of 70.3 years old (SD = 8.88). The mean percentage correct on the Canadian FAQ-2C was 54.4%, a proportion higher than the recent Australian data and some older American data on older adults. The Canadian adaptation of the modified Australian multiple-choice version demonstrates the value of the local verification of FAQ items’ scoring key if the knowledge assessed by the FAQ is to be used accurately in a different country or if the local scoring key was developed several years earlier.

关键词： Aging Older Adults Knowledge Scale Development

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美国西部的长期干旱变化

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干旱气象 2005年第1期23卷 90-94页

作者： edward r. cook Connie A. Woodhouse C. Mark Eakin David M. Meko David W. Stahle 王涓力 Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Palisades NY10964 USA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Climatic Data Center Boulder CO 80305 USA Laboratory of Tree-ring research University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA Department of Geosciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR 72701 USA

一些水文气候资料分析表明,美国西部正在经历着多年的严重干旱。然而,利用重建的覆盖美国西部大部分地区的过去1200年的网格化干旱资料进行分析,看出与更早时期出现的极端干旱和发生在公元800～1300年间(中世纪暖期(MWP))的大范围严重... 详细信息

一些水文气候资料分析表明,美国西部正在经历着多年的严重干旱。然而,利用重建的覆盖美国西部大部分地区的过去1200年的网格化干旱资料进行分析,看出与更早时期出现的极端干旱和发生在公元800～1300年间(中世纪暖期(MWP))的大范围严重干旱相比,现在正经历的干旱还不算很严重。如果美国西部干旱程度的加强是一种对气候变暖的自然响应,那么任何将来温度增暖的趋势都将会加剧美国西部地区的长期干旱。

关键词：美国西部地区长期干旱变化气候变暖 PDSI重建资料气象灾害

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Personality change in older adults with dementia: Occurrence and association with severity of cognitive impairment

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Advances in Aging research 2013年第1期2卷 27-36页

作者： edward Helmes Maria CNorton Truls Ostbye Department of Psychology James Cook UniversityTownsvilleAustralia Department of Family Consumer and Human Development Utah State UniversityLoganUSA Department of Community and Family Medicine Duke UniversityChapel HillUSA

Personality change is among criteria for the diagnosis of dementia. We examine first whether personality changes are related to severity of cognitive impairment in a linear or an inverted-U fashion in 1132 demented older people from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) and 921 unimpaired older people. The proportion with reported change was larger for all measures in the demented group than in the cognitively unimpaired group, and was more consistent with a linear increase in personality change with increasing cognitive impairment than with an inverted-U relationship, as seen in only one variable. In our second (longitudinal) study, we evaluate which aspects of personality change most in dementia;changes in mood and an exaggeration of existing traits were the variables most closely related to the development of dementia.

关键词： Personality Change Dementia Affect Longitudinal Study

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Item Format and Social Desirability： Implications for Interpretation of the MBTI

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Psychology research 2012年第6期2卷 361-368页

作者： edward Helmes Julie Aitken Schermer Maryann Fraboni James cook University Queensland Australia The University of Western Ontario Ontario Canada Nipissing University Ontario Canada

The MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) remains widely used in many counseling applications despite extensive criticism of its basic nature and psychometric properties. The present study was designed to examine specifically the accuracy of the claimed minimal influence of social desirability on Form G of the MBTI. Undergraduate students (n = 26) judged the desirability of each item option of Form G, which was compared across the 60 item pairs in which both options were scored. The rated values were approximately equal for two domains, while J and E item options were judged to be more desirable than their P and I paired response options. A second study (n = 52) evaluated the social desirability of the 16 MBTI type descriptors, finding most descriptions to be above the neutral range in desirability. These results suggest that stylistic responding contaminates MBTI profiles and interpretative material. Consequently, users should consider alternative measures and at the very least, take great care in interpreting the MBTI because of its flawed structure.

关键词：社会本科学生配置文件替代措施选项额定值解释性类型

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Approach to the endoscopic resection of duodenal lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第2期22卷 600-617页

作者： Jonathan P Gaspar edward B Stelow Andrew Y Wang Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Virginia Health SystemCharlottesvilleVA 22908United States Department of Pathology University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22908United States

Duodenal polyps or lesions are uncommonly found on upper endoscopy. Duodenal lesions can be categorized as subepithelial or mucosally-based, and the type of lesion often dictates the work-up and possible therapeutic options. Subepithelial lesions that can arise in the duodenum include lipomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and carcinoids. Endoscopic ultrasonography with fine needle aspiration is useful in the characterization and diagnosis of subepithelial lesions. Duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors and large or multifocal carcinoids are best managed by surgical resection. Brunner's gland tumors, solitary Peutz-Jeghers polyps, and non-ampullary and ampullary adenomas are mucosally-based duodenal lesions, which can require removal and are typically amenable to endoscopic resection. Several anatomic characteristics of the duodenum make endoscopic resection of duodenal lesions challenging. However, advanced endoscopic techniques exist that enable the resection of large mucosally-based duodenal lesions. Endoscopic papillectomy is not without risk, but this procedure can effectively resect ampullary adenomas and allows patients to avoid surgery, which typically involves pancreaticoduodenectomy. Endoscopic mucosal resection and its variations(such as cap-assisted, cap-band-assisted, and underwater techniques) enable the safe and effective resection of most duodenal adenomas. Endoscopic submucosal dissection is possible but very difficult to safely perform in the duodenum.

关键词： Duodenum Polyp Subepithelial Lesion Ampulla Adenoma Papillectomy Endoscopic mucosalresection Underwater Endoscopic submucosal dissection

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《现代护理学》的创造者伟大的南丁格尔女士传略(连载)

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护士进修杂志 1986年第11期 50-50页

作者：向华 ,林宝善 ,Sir edward cook

一.幼年、青年时代南丁格尔女士于1820年5月生于一个富贵家庭。父母亲戚廉·南丁格尔先生和夫人仅生她们姊妹二人,姊姊大南丁格尔一岁。南丁格尔生于意大利佛罗伦斯镇,故全名为佛罗伦斯·南丁格尔(以下简称南丁)。南丁虽无兄弟,但亲族众... 详细信息

一.幼年、青年时代南丁格尔女士于1820年5月生于一个富贵家庭。父母亲戚廉·南丁格尔先生和夫人仅生她们姊妹二人,姊姊大南丁格尔一岁。南丁格尔生于意大利佛罗伦斯镇,故全名为佛罗伦斯·南丁格尔(以下简称南丁)。南丁虽无兄弟,但亲族众多,长辈、同辈.晚辈,常济济一堂。他们都是很长命的,南丁自己活到

关键词：姊姊南丁格尔罗马意大利父母亲

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Ivar Stakgold传略

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数学译林 2020年第2期39卷 154-156页

作者： Pam cook W.edward Olmstead 叶其孝(译) 吴庆宝(校) 特拉华大学数学科学系不详

特拉华(Delaware)大学荣休教授数学家Ivar Stakgold^1),于2018年5月29日去世,享年92岁.他专攻边值问题,是一个著名的桥牌玩家,并以多种角色服务于SIAM(美国工业与应用数学学会),最显著的是1989年-1990年期间任SIAM主席.Ivar1925年出生... 详细信息

特拉华(Delaware)大学荣休教授数学家Ivar Stakgold^1),于2018年5月29日去世,享年92岁.他专攻边值问题,是一个著名的桥牌玩家,并以多种角色服务于SIAM(美国工业与应用数学学会),最显著的是1989年-1990年期间任SIAM主席.Ivar1925年出生于挪威奥斯陆附近,童年大部分时间在比利时布鲁塞尔度过.

关键词：边值问题挪威奥斯陆数学学会特拉华

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