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Does the root to shoot ratio show a hormetic response to stress? An ecological and environmental perspective

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journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1569-1580页

作者： Evgenios Agathokleous Regina G.Belz Mitsutoshi Kitao Takayoshi Koike edward j.calabrese Hokkaido Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute(FFPRI)Forest Research and Management Organization7 HitsujigaokaSapporoHokkaido 062-8516Japan Research Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido UniversityKita 9 Nishi 9SapporoHokkaido 060-8589Japan Agroecology Unit Hans-Ruthenberg InstituteUniversity of HohenheimGarbenstra遝 1370599 StuttgartGermany Department of Environmental Health Sciences Morrill IN344University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA

Root/shoot(R/S)ratio is an important index for assessing plant health,and has received increased attention in the last decades as a sensitive indicator of plant stress induced by chemical or physical agents.The R/S ratio has been discussed in the context of ecological theory and its potential importance in ecological succession,where species follow different strategies for above-ground growth for light or below-ground competition for water and nutrients.We present evidence showing the R/S ratio follows a biphasic dose–response relationship under stress,typical of hormesis.The R/S ratio in response to stress has been widely compared among species and ecological succession classes.It is constrained by a variety of factors such as ontogeny.Furthermore,the current literature lacks dose-response studies incorporating the full dose–response continuum,hence limiting scientific understanding and possible valuable application.The data presented provide an important perspective for new-generation studies that can advance current ecological understanding and improve carbon storage estimates by R/S ratio considerations.Hormetic response of the R/S ratio can have an important role in forestry for producing seedlings with desired characteristics to achieve maximum health/productivity and resilience under plantation conditions.

关键词： Biological plasticity Biphasic response Hormesis Plant stress Root/shoot ratio

Surgeon preferences in the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis

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World journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 435-443页

作者： edward j Wu Bradley W Fossum Wyatt Vander Voort Christopher O Bayne Robert M Szabo Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN 55455United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery UC Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCA 95817United States

BACKGROUND Primary thumb carpometacarpal(CMC)osteoarthritis is one of the most common conditions encountered by hand surgeons.Of the vast number of operations that have been proposed,none have demonstrated results significantly superior to trapeziectomy alone.AIM The purpose of our study was to determine why surgeons opt for their technique in treating CMC arthritis.METHODS A cross-sectional survey of active members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand was conducted to evaluate the reasons behind their preferred technique in the treatment of isolated thumb CMC arthritis.Surgeons were contacted by email once and provided with a link to a de-identified survey consisting of 5 treatment questions and 5 demographic questions.RESULTS Of 950 responses were received.40.5%of surgeons preferred trapeziectomy+ligament reconstruction tendon interposition(LRTI),followed by trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty(28.2%),suture button suspension(5.9%),trapeziectomy alone(4.6%),prosthetic arthroplasty(3.2%),arthrodesis(1.1%),and other(6.6%).Proponents of trapeziectomy+LRTI cited familiarity(73.2%),exposure during fellowship(48.8%)and less proximal migration(60%)to be the main reasons affecting their decision.Surgeons who preferred trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty most reported simplicity(74.9%),fewer complications(45.3%),less proximal migration(43.8%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(42.7%).Advocates of suture button suspension cited avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(80.4%),shorter immobilization(76.8%),and quicker recovery(73.2%)with their technique.Advocates of trapeziectomy alone cited simplicity(97.7%),fewer complications(86.4%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(59.1%).In their comments,45%of surgeons choosing trapeziectomy alone cited evidence as an additional rationale.Advocates of prosthetic arthroplasty cited improved pinch strength(83.3%)and improved range of motion(63.3%),while those preferring arthrodesis cited better pinch strength(90%)and frequently in their comments,durability.Of the surgeon

关键词： Thumb carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis Trapeziectomy Ligament reconstruction tendon interposition Suspensionplasty Preferences Trends

Hormesis has emerged as a more common and fundamental dose-response model than the threshold or linear-no-threshold(LNT) models

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毒理学杂志 2006年第2期20卷 117-118页

作者： edward j. calabrese Lu Rong-zhu School of Public Health Environmental Health Sciences University of Massachusetts AmherstMA 01003 USA Department of Preventive Medicine School of MedicineJiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212001 PR China

在回顾传统的有阈和线性无阈的剂量-反应关系的基础上,分析此类该模型被毒理学领域认同的主要原因和其在预测低剂量效应中的缺陷,进而提出了高剂量接触呈现抑制效应,而低剂量却呈现促进或刺激作用这一全面的激效兴奋性剂量-反应关系,弥... 详细信息

在回顾传统的有阈和线性无阈的剂量-反应关系的基础上,分析此类该模型被毒理学领域认同的主要原因和其在预测低剂量效应中的缺陷,进而提出了高剂量接触呈现抑制效应,而低剂量却呈现促进或刺激作用这一全面的激效兴奋性剂量-反应关系,弥补了现有模型的不足,并充分论证这种激效性剂量-反应关系在不同种属、接触因素和生物学终点中的普遍性,并探讨了不同物质的激效兴奋作用的可能机制以及激效兴奋模型的三大优点,最后提出了激效模型谋求广泛接受的现实困难和发展趋势。

关键词：激效作用兴奋效应剂量-反应关系有阈模型线性无阈模型

Heat and Mass Transfer for a Nanofluid Flow in Fluidized Bed Dryer in Presence of Induced Magnetic Field

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journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1401-1425页

作者： Kiptum j. Purity Mathew N. Kinyanjui edward R. Onyango Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation Nairobi Kenya Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

This research entails the study of heat and mass transfer of nanofluid flow in a fluidized bed dryer used in tea drying processes in presence of induced magnetic field. A mathematical model describing the fluid flow in a Fluidized bed dryer was developed using the nonlinear partial differential equations. Due to their non-linearity, the equations were solved numerically by use of the finite difference method. The effects of physical flow parameters on velocity, temperature, concentration and magnetic induction profiles were studied and results were presented graphically. From the mathematical analysis, it was deduced that addition of silver nanoparticles into the fluid flow enhanced velocity and temperature profiles. This led to improved heat transfer in the fluidized bed dryer, hence amplifying the tea drying process. Furthermore, it was noted that induced magnetic field tends to decrease the fluid velocity, which results in uniform distribution of heat leading to efficient heat transfer between the tea particles and the fluid, thus improving the drying process. The research findings provide information to industries on ways to optimize thermal performance of fluidized bed dryers.

关键词： Heat Transfer Induced Magnetic Field Nanofluid Fluidized Bed Dryer

Weight regain after intragastric balloon for pre-surgical weight loss

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第7期16卷 2040-2046页

作者： Danielle Abbitt Kevin Choy Alexandra Kovar Teresa S jones Krzysztof j Wikiel edward L jones Department of Surgery University of ColoradoAuroraCO 80045United States Department of Surgery Rocky Mountain Regional Veteran Affairs Medical CenterAuroraCO 80045United States

BACKGROUND Over one-third of Americans carry the diagnosis of obesity,many also with obesity-related comorbidities.This can place patients at increased risk of operative and postoperative complications.The intragastric balloon has been shown to aid in minor weight loss,however its weight recidivism in patients requiring short interval weight loss has not been well studied.AIM To evaluate weight loss,ability to undergo successful elective surgery after intragastric balloon placement,and weight management after balloon removal.METHODS This study is a retrospective review of patients in a single academic institution undergoing intragastric balloon placement from 2019-2023 to aid in weight loss prior to undergoing elective surgery.Clinical outcomes including weight loss,duration of balloon placement,successful elective surgery,weight regain postballoon and post-procedure complications were assessed.Exclusion criteria included those with balloon in place at time of study.RESULTS Thirty-three patients completed intragastric balloon therapy from 2019-2023 as a bridge to elective surgery.All patients were required to participate in a 12-month weight management program to be eligible for balloon therapy.Elective surgeries included incisional hernia repair,umbilical hernia repair,inguinal hernia repair,and knee and hip replacements.The average age at placement was 53 years±11 years,majority(91%)were male.The average duration of intragastric balloon therapy was 186 days±41 days.The average weight loss was 14.0 kg±7.4 kg and with an average percent excess body weight loss of 30.0%(7.9%-73.6%).Over half of the patients(52.0%)achieved the goal of 30-50 lbs(14-22 kg)weight loss.Twenty-one patients(64%)underwent their intended elective surgery,2 patients(6%)deferred surgery due to symptom relief with weight loss alone.Twenty-one of the patients(64%)have documented weights in 3 months after balloon removal,in these patients the majority(76%)gained weight after balloon removed.In patients with weight regain at 3 months,they averag

关键词： Intragastric balloon Weight loss Obesity Bariatric Body mass index

Cellulosomal hemicellulases:Indispensable players for ensuring effective lignocellulose bioconversion

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Green Carbon 2024年第1期2卷 57-69页

作者： Min Xiao Ya-jun Liu edward A.Bayer Akihiko Kosugi Qiu Cui Yingang Feng CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Shandong Energy Institute Qingdao 266101China Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory Qingdao 266101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Biomolecular Sciences The Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 8499000Israel Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences(JIRCAS)1-1 OhwashiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8686Japan

The bioconversion of lignocellulose has attracted global attention,due to the significant potential of agricultural and forestry wastes as renewable zero-carbon resources and the urgent need for substituting fossil carbon.The cellulosome system is a multi-enzyme complex produced by anaerobic bacteria,which comprises cellulases,hemicellulases,and associated enzymatic and non-enzymatic components that promote biomass conversion.To enhance their efficiency in degrading recalcitrant lignocellulosic matrices,cellulosomes have been employed to construct biocatalysts for lignocellulose bioconversion,such as consolidated bioprocessing and consolidated bio-saccharification.Hemicelluloses,the second most abundant polysaccharides in plant cell walls,hold valuable application potential but can also induce inhibitory effects on cellulose hydrolysis,thus highlighting the indispensable roles of hemicellulases within the cellulosome complex.This review evaluated current research on cellulosomal hemicellulases,comparing their types,abundance,and regulation,primarily focusing on eight known cellulosome-producing species of different origins.We also reviewed their growth conditions,their hemicellulose-degrading capabilities,and the inhibitory effects of hemicellulose on cellulosome-based lignocellulose saccharification.Finally,we proposed strategies for targeted enhancement of hemicellulase in cellulosomes to improve lignocellulose bioconversion in future studies.

关键词： Cellulosome Lignocellulose Hemicellulase Saccharification Biocatalyst

Azoospermia:vasal agenesis

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Asian journal of Andrology 2022年第1期24卷 1-4页

作者： j Sam Fisher edward D Kim Department of Urology University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37920USA

SPECIFIC GENETIC TESTS(CFTR AND INTRON 8 SPLICE VARIANT TESTING)AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens(CBAVD)and cystic fibrosis(CF)began as separate entities with an apparent clinical correlation.CBAVD occurs in 1%–2%of men presenting with infertility at urological departments and has an incidence of 1:1000–1:2000 in Caucasian males.An example of this anatomic variant is shown in Figure 1.

关键词： correlation. clinical Figure

Power-Sharing Enhancement Using Harmonized Membership Fuzzy Logic Droop Control Based Micro-Grid

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1395-1415页

作者： W.j.Praiselin j.Belwin edward School of Electrical Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014TamilnaduIndia

The contribution of Renewable Energy Resources(RER)in the process of power generation is signiﬁcantly high in the recent days since it paves the way for overcoming the issues like serious energy crisis and natural contamination.This paper deals with the renewable energy based micro-grid as it is regarded as the apt solution for integrating the RER with the electrical frameworks.As theﬁxed droop coefﬁcients in conventional droop control approaches have caused various limitations like low power-sharing and sudden drops of grid voltage in the Direct Current(DC)side,the Harmonized Membership Fuzzy Logic(MFL)droop control is employed in this present study.This proposed droop control for the hybrid PV-wind-battery system with MFL assists in achieving proper power-sharing and minimizing Total Harmonic Distortion(THD)in the emer-gency micro-grid.It eradicates the deviations in voltage and frequency with itsﬂexible and robust operation.The THD is reduced and attains the value of 3.1%compared to the traditional droop control.The simulation results of harmo-nized MFL droop control are analogized with the conventional approaches to vali-date the performance of the proposed method.In addition,the experimental results provided by the Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA)based laboratory setup built using a solar photovoltaic(PV)and wind Permanent Magnet Synchro-nous Generator(PMSG)reafﬁrms the design.

关键词： Micro-grid harmonized droop control fuzzy power-sharing total harmonic distortion

Modeling of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) in the edwards-Trinity Plateau and Ogallala Aquifers in the Midland-Odessa Region Using Random Forest Regression and eXtreme Gradient Boosting

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journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第5期12卷 218-241页

作者： Azuka I. Udeh Osayamen j. Imarhiagbe Erepamo j. Omietimi Department of Geoscience University of Texas Permian Basin Odessa Texas USA Department of Geology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa

Efficient water quality monitoring and ensuring the safety of drinking water by government agencies in areas where the resource is constantly depleted due to anthropogenic or natural factors cannot be overemphasized. The above statement holds for West Texas, Midland, and Odessa Precisely. Two machine learning regression algorithms (Random Forest and XGBoost) were employed to develop models for the prediction of total dissolved solids (TDS) and sodium absorption ratio (SAR) for efficient water quality monitoring of two vital aquifers: edward-Trinity (plateau), and Ogallala aquifers. These two aquifers have contributed immensely to providing water for different uses ranging from domestic, agricultural, industrial, etc. The data was obtained from the Texas Water Development Board (TWDB). The XGBoost and Random Forest models used in this study gave an accurate prediction of observed data (TDS and SAR) for both the edward-Trinity (plateau) and Ogallala aquifers with the R2 values consistently greater than 0.83. The Random Forest model gave a better prediction of TDS and SAR concentration with an average R, MAE, RMSE and MSE of 0.977, 0.015, 0.029 and 0.00, respectively. For the XGBoost, an average R, MAE, RMSE, and MSE of 0.953, 0.016, 0.037 and 0.00, respectively, were achieved. The overall performance of the models produced was impressive. From this study, we can clearly understand that Random Forest and XGBoost are appropriate for water quality prediction and monitoring in an area of high hydrocarbon activities like Midland and Odessa and West Texas at large.

关键词： Water Quality Prediction Predictive Modeling Aquifers Machine Learning Regression eXtreme Gradient Boosting