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MgO-attached graphene nanosheet(MgO@GNs)reinforced magnesium matrix nanocomposite with superior mechanical,corr.s.on and biological performance

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第9期31卷 2062-2076页

作者： s.Abazari A.shamsipur H.r.Bakhsheshi-rad M.s.soheilirad F.Khor.s.adizade s.s.Mirhosseini Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehran ***Iran Iranian National standar.s.Organization of Hormozgan HormozganIran Advanced Materials r.s.arch Center Department of Materials EngineeringNajafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabadIran Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are gaining great consideration as body implant materials due to their high biodegradability and ***,they suffer from low corr.s.on r.s.stance and antibacterial *** this r.s.arch,semi-powder metallurgy followed by hot extr.s.on was utilized to produce the magnesium oxide@graphene nanosheets/magnesium(MgO@GNs/Mg)composite to improve mechanical,corr.s.on and cytocompatibility *** have revealed that the incorporation of MgO@GNs nanohybrids into Mg-based composite enhanced microhardness and compr.s.ive *** vitro,osteoblast cell culture tests show that using MgO@GNs nanohybrid fillers enhances osteoblast adhesion and apatite *** pr.s.nce of MgO@GNs nanoparticles in the composites decreased the opening defects,micro-cracks and micro-por.s.of the composites thus preventing the penetration of the corr.s.ve solution into the *** demonstrated that the MgO@GNs/Mg composite possesses excellent antibacterial properties because of the combination of the release of MgO and physical damage to bacterium membranes caused by the sharp edges of graphene nanosheets that can effectively damage the cell wall thereby facilitating penetration into the bacterial lipid ***,the MgO@GNs/Mg composite with high mechanical strength,antibacterial activity and corr.s.on r.s.stance is considered to be a promising material for load-bearing implant applications.

关键词： metal matrix composites MgO@GNs nanohybrid strengthening mechanisms antibacterial activity biocompatibility

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Limited impacts of occasional tillage on dry aggregate size distribution and soil carbon and nitrogen fractions in semi-arid drylands

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International soil and Water Conservation r.s.arch 2024年第1期12卷 96-106页

作者： Wooiklee s.Paye Vesh r.Thapa rajan Ghimire New Mexico state University Agricultural Science CenterClovisNM88101USA New Mexico state University Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesLas CrucesNM88003USA

Tillage management that minimizes the frequency and intensity of soil disturbance can increase soil carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)sequestration and improve the r.s.lience of dryland cropping systems,yet the impact of occasional disturbance on soil aggregate formation and the soil organic carbon(sOC)storage within aggregates has not been studied *** evaluated the effect of four tillage management practices on soil dry aggregate size distribution,aggregate-protected C and N,mineral-associated organic matter carbon(MAOM-C),particulate organic matter carbon(POM-C),and corn(Zea mays L.)and sorghum(sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench)yields in a semi-arid dryland cropping *** included conventional tillage(CT),strip-tillage(sT),no-tillage(NT),and occasional tillage(OT)management in a corn-sorghum *** macro-aggregates were 51-54%greater under.s.,NT,and OT,while small and micro-aggregates were greater in *** tillage reduced soil aggregate-associated C by 28-31%in macro-aggregates and 47-53%in small aggregates at 26 months(M)sampling compared to sT,NT,and *** clay+silt fraction,CT had 14-16%,21-26%,and 36-43%less sOC at 7,14,and 26M samplings,r.s.ectively,than sT,NT,and *** associated N was generally similar under.s.,NT,and OT,which was greater on average than *** MOAM-C and POM-C under.s.,NT,and OT were generally greater than r.s.ective sOC fractions under CT at 19 and 26 M after OT *** and sorghum yields were similar among tillage systems in 2020,but greater under.s.,NT,and OT than CT in *** r.s.lts suggest that while frequent intensive tillage can lower.s.C and N storage,a single stubble mulch occasional tillage after.s.veral years of NT does not lead to soil C and N losses and soil structural instability in semi-arid drylands.

关键词： Conventional tillage Occasional tillage Aggregate associated carbon Mineral associated organic matter carbon(MAOM-C) Particulate organic matter carbon(POM-C)

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Factors influencing farmers’adoption of solar water-pumping systems in Gujarat

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Clean Energy 2024年第3期8卷 157-165页

作者： M sathish Kumar Y.A.Lad r.s.Pundir International Agribusiness Management Institute Anand Agricultural UniversityAnand388110GujaratIndia Department of HrD&PM International Agribusiness Management InstituteAnand Agricultural UniversityAnand388110GujaratIndia Department of Agribusiness Economics and Policies International Agribusiness Management InstituteAnand Agricultural UniversityAnand388110GujaratIndia

Agriculture has played an important role in the growth of the Indian *** and electricity are essential inputs for agriculture *** produces the third-largest amount of electricity in the world,behind China and the *** an incentive to increase production,most states provide free electricity to *** electricity has decreased groundwater levels and increased electricity *** objective of this study was to find out the factors that influenced farmers to adopt a solar water-pumping system in *** samples were randomly *** study examined the entire state of *** hundred and fifty farmers who adopted solar water-pumping systems were interviewed,including 50 banana farmers,50 cotton farmers and 50 groundnut *** data were collected through an *** adoption of solar water-pumping systems by farmers was identified using factor *** software was used to analyse the data *** this study,only two factors contributed to the variance of 59.469%.The adoption of solar water pumps by farmers was influenced by government policy and economic *** economic benefit variance of 33.20%was found,while a government policy variance was 26.27%.A solar water-pumping system has low initial costs,flexible credit policies motivate adoption,solar water-pumping systems can save electricity,and maintenance and repair costs are *** policy that includes solar water-pumping systems is motivated by awareness,subsidies for adoption and a fair price to sell energy *** are recommended to adopt a solar water-pumping system in conjunction with a drip irrigation system to receive additional *** successful scheme will be recommended to other.s.ates in India for implementation.

关键词： solar water-pumping system factor analysis banana cotton groundnut famers

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Managing type 2 diabetes:targeting a microbial enzyme as a novel treatment option

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 3-5页

作者： Anikó Keller-Pintér Tamás Kor.s.ár.s.Tibor Vellai Department of Biochemistry Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzeged6720Hungary Department of Metabolism Digestion and ReproductionImperial College LondonLondonW120NNUK Quadram Institute Bioscience Norwich Research ParkNorwichNR47UQUK Department of Genetics Eötvös Loránd University(ELTE)Budapest1117Hungary Hungarian r.s.arch Network HUN-rEN-ELTE Genetics r.s.arch Group Budapest1117Hungary

In a recent science article,Wang and colleagues showed that the dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP4)enzyme produced by the gut microbiota can interfere with the effect of host glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)involved in stimulating insulin secretion,and the specific inhibitor of microbial DPP4(mDPP4),combined with clinical inhibitors of host DPP4 isoenzymes,further promotes blood glucose homeostasis.1 These r.s.lts point out why certain patients r.s.ond inadequately to an antidiabetic medication.

关键词： homeostasis stimulating clinical

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A concise review on surface and structural modification of porous zeolite scaffold for enhanced hydrogen storage

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第6期70卷 33-53页

作者： B.A.Abdulkadir r.s.r.Mohd Zaki A.T.Abd Wahab s.N.Miskan Anh-Tam Nguyen Dai-Viet N.Vo H.D.setiabudi Centre for r.s.arch in Advanced Fluid&Processes Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahLebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil YaakobGambangPahang 26300Malaysia Faculty of Chemical&Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahLebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil YaakobGambangPahang 26300Malaysia Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental Nanomaterials(CE@GrEEN) Nguyen Tat Thanh University300A Nguyen Tat ThanhDistrict 4Ho Chi Minh City 755414Viet Nam

Investigating zeolites as hydrogen storage scaffolds is imperative due to their porous nature and favorable physicochemical ***,the storage capacity of the unmodified zeolites has been rather unsatisfactory(0.224%-1.082%(mass))compared to its modified ***,the contemporary focus on enhancing hydrogen storage capacities has led to significant attention towar.s.the utilization of modified zeolites,with studies exploring surface modifications through physical and chemical treatments,as well as the integration of various active *** enhanced hydrogen storage properties of zeolites are attributed to the pr.s.nce of aluminosilicates from alkaline and alkaline-earth metals,r.s.lting in increased storage capacity through interactions with the charge density of these ***,there is a great demand to critically review their role such as well-defined topology,pore structure,good thermal stability,and tunable hydrophilicity in enhanced hydrogen *** article aimed to critically review the recent r.s.arch findings based on modified zeolite performance for enhanced hydrogen *** of the factors affecting the hydrogen storage capacities of zeolites that can affect the rate of reaction and the stability of the adsorbent,like pr.s.ure,structure,and morphology were studied,and ***,future perspectives,recommendations,and directions for modified zeolites were discussed.

关键词： Zeolites Hydrogen storage surface modification Adsorption Active metal

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Detection and clearance in Alzheimer.s.disease: leading with illusive chemical, structural and morphological featur.s.of the targets

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Neural regeneration r.s.arch 2024年第3期19卷 497-498页

作者： Luís Gales i3s−Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em saúde Rua Alfredo AllenPortoPortugal(Gales L)IBMC−Instituto de Biologia Molecular e CelularUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo AllenPortoPortugal ICBAs−Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel salazar Rua de Jorge Viterbo FerreiraPortoPortugal

Highly specific interactions between biomolecules,such as antigen-antibody,protein-ligand,or nucleic acid base pair complementary are on the basis of the organization of complex *** same principles may be tentatively used in molecular medicine for diagnosis and therapeutics.A molecule can be designed to selectively bind a protease and thereby inhibit the production of a peptide that for.s.toxic aggregates in the brain or an antibody may be produced to bind specifically to that peptide for detection or clearance ***,interference in biological systems is not that *** a start there is the inhibition of the physiological role of the protease;moreover.s.veral cleavage fragments may be produced,which may continue to diverge due to putative post-translational modification and self-assembly processes,hiding the toxic target in a“soup”of peptide species varying in size,structure and chemical composition.A perspective of the current status and challenges in targeting peptide species for diagnosis and treatment in the context of Alzheimer.s.disease is given.

关键词： Alzheimer diagnosis thereby

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single-atom Pt on carbon nanotubes for.s.lective electrocatalysis

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 63-71页

作者： samuel s.Hardisty Xiaoqian Lin Anthony r.J.Kucernak David Zitoun Department of Chemistry Bar Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials(BINA)Bar Ilan UniversityRamat GanIsrael Department of Chemistry Molecular Science Research HubImperial College LondonLondonUK

Utilizing supported single atoms as catalysts pr.s.nts an opportunity to reduce the usage of critical raw materials such as platinum,which are essential for electrochemical reactions such as hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOr).Herein,we describe the synthesis of a Pt single electrocatalyst inside single-walled carbon nanotubes(sWCNTs)via a redox *** via electron micr.s.opy,X-ray photoelectron micr.s.opy,and X-ray absorption spectr.s.opy show the single-atom nature of the *** electrochemical behavior of the sample to hydrogen and oxygen was investigated using the advanced floating electrode technique,which minimizes mass transport limitations and gives a thorough insight into the activity of the *** single-atom samples showed higher HOr activity than state-of-the-art 30%Pt/C while almost no oxygen reduction reaction activity in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell operating *** selective activity toward HOr ar.s. as the main fingerprint of the catalyst confinement in the sWCNTs.

关键词： confinement electrocatalysis hydrogen platinum single atom catalysts

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Cr-induced fusion reactions to synthesize superheavy elements

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Nuclear.s.ience and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 122-130页

作者： s.Madhu H.C.Manjunatha N.sowmya B.M.rajesh L.seenappa r.s.susheela Department of Physics R V College of EngineeringBangalore 560074India Visvesvaraya Technological University BelagaviKarnataka 590018India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeSrinivasapurKarnataka 563135India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeDevanahallyKarnataka 562110India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeMulbagalKarnataka 563131India Department of Physics Government First Grade collegeNanjangudOoty RoadMysore 571301India

We investigated ^(50,52-54)Cr-induced fusion reactions for the synthesis of the superheavy element in the 104≤Z≤122 *** cr.s. sections produced in this investigation using ^(54)Cr projectiles were compared with those obtained in prior *** estimated cr.s. sections from this analysis are consistent with the findings of prior *** the current study,the predicted cr.s. section was found to be 42fb at 236 MeV for ^(53)Cr+^(243)Am,23.2 fb at 236 MeV for ^(54)Cr+^(247)Cm,95.6 fb at 240 MeV for ^(53)Cr+248Bk,and 1.33 fb at 242 MeV for ^(53)Cr+***,these projected cr.s. sections with excitation energy and beam energy will be useful in future Cr-induced fusion reaction investigations.

关键词： Fusion cr.s. sections Compound nucleus formation probability survival probability Evaporation r.s.due cr.s. sections

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Treat to target in Crohn’s disease:A practical guide for clinicians

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期30卷 50-69页

作者： Ashish r.s.inivasan Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthVictoriaMelbourne 3083Australia Department of Gastroenterology Eastern HealthVictoriaMelbourne 3128Australia Department of Medicine University of MelbourneVictoriaMelbourne 3052Australia

A treat-to-target(T2T)approach applies the principles of early intervention and tight disease control to optimise long-term outcomes in Crohn's *** selecting Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease(sTrIDE)-II guidelines specify short,intermediate,and long-term treatment goals,documenting specific treatment targets to be achieved at each of these *** appraisal of Crohn’s disease activity against pre-defined treatment targets at these timepoints remains central to determining whether current therapy should be continued or *** treatment targets in Crohn’s disease compr.s. combination clinical and patient-reported outcome remission,in conjunction with biomarker normalisation and endoscopic *** the sTrIDE-II guidelines endorse the pursuit of endoscopic healing,clinicians must consider that this may not always be appropriate,acceptable,or achievable in all *** underscor.s.the need to engage patients at the outset in an effort to personalise care and individualise treatment *** use of non-invasive biomarkers such as faecal calprotectin in conjunction with cr.s.-sectional imaging techniques,particularly intestinal ultr.s.und,holds great promise;as do emerging treatment targets such as transmural *** randomised clinical trials,namely,CALM and sTArDUsT,have evaluated the efficacy of a T2T approach in achieving endoscopic endpoints in patients with Crohn’s *** from these studies reflect that patient subgroups and Crohn’s disease character.s.ics likely to benefit most from a T2T approach,remain to be ***,outside of clinical trials,data pertaining to the real-world effectiveness of a T2T approach remains scare,highlighting the need for pragmatic real-world *** the obvious promise of a T2T approach,a lack of guidance to support its integration into real-world clinical practice has the potential to limit its *** highlights the need to describe st

关键词： Treat to target Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Treatment targets Endoscopic remission Transmural healing Time to r.s.onse Intestinal ultr.s.und

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Twinning aspects and their efficient roles in wrought Mg alloys:A comprehensive review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2201-2230页

作者： s.s.A.shah Manping Liu Azim Khan Farooq Ahmad M.r.Abdullah Xingquan Zhang shiwei Xu Zhen Peng school of Materials science and Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China school of Mechanical Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMáanshan 243002China College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Twinning is widely recognized as an effective and cost-efficient method for controlling the micr.s.ructure and properties of wrought magnesium(Mg)***,twins play a crucial role in initiating dynamic recr.s.allization(DrX),while twin regions experience rapid recr.s.allization during static recr.s.allization(srX).The activation of twinning can lead to changes in lattice orientation,significantly impacting the final texture in Mg *** active roles of twinning are influenced by various factors during the activation process,and the mobility of twin boundaries(TB)can be amplified by str.s. effects,dislocation interactions,and thermal ***,annealing treatments that involve proper.s.gregation or precipitation on TBs serve to stabilize them,r.s.raining their *** such as segregation may also alter the twinning propensity in Magnesium-rare earth(Mg-rE)***{10–11}contraction twins(CT)and{10–11}-{10–12}double twins(DT)can promote dynamic recr.s.allization(DrX),they also pose a r.s. as potential sources of voids and ***,understanding the nucleation and growth mechanisms of twinning is crucial,and these aspects are briefly reviewed in this *** the factors mentioned above,this article summarizes the recent r.s.arch progr.s. in this field,shedding light on advancements in recent er.s.

关键词： Mg alloys Twinning recr.s.allization Texture Mechanical properties

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