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Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the vagina: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2396-2403页

作者： Pan xu Shan-Shan Ling e Hu Bi-Xia Yi Department of Gynecology The Affiliated Jinhua Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityJinhua 321000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310006Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Rhabdomyosarcoma(RMS)of the vagina in postmenopausal women is an extre-mely rare malignant tumor that was originally described as a unique group of soft tissue sarcomas originating from primitive mesenchymal cells.It was first re-ported in postmenopausal women in 1970,and fewer than 50 postmenopausal patients have been reported to date.CASe SUMMARY A 68-year-old multiparous female was admitted to the hospital on October 11,2023,with the chief complaint of a mass causing vaginal prolapse with incomplete urination that had persisted for 4 months.The vaginal mass was approximately the size of a pigeon egg;after lying down,the vaginal mass retracted.Complete resection was performed,and vaginal pleomorphic RMS was diagnosed based on pathology and immunohistochemical staining features.The patient is currently undergoing chemotherapy.The present study also reviewed the clinical,histolo-gical,and immunohistochemical features and latest treatment recommendations for vaginal RMS.Any abnormal vaginal mass should be promptly investigated through pelvic examination and appropriate imaging.The current initial treat-ment for vaginal RMS is biopsy and primary chemotherapy.CONCLUSION When surgery is planned for vaginal RMS,an organ-preserving approach should be considered.

关键词： Rhabdomyosarcoma Vagina Postmenopausal woman Pleomorphic Case report

Highly selective and eco-friendly dihydroisoquinoline synthesis via Cu/Co synergistic catalysis in Cu NPs@MOFs catalyst under mild conditions

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1561-1568页

作者： Peng-Fei Guo Ze-Long Liang Yue-e Jiao Hang xu Bin Zhao Key Laboratory of Advanced energy Material Chemistry Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage CenterDepartment of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

3,4-Dihydroisoquinoline(DHIQ)is an important precursor used in the production of drugs for treating cancer,HIV,Alzheimer's disease,etc.Major studies on DHIQ synthesis show low catalytic selectivity due to the susceptible over-oxidation feedstock of1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline(THIQ),which often requires alkali co-catalysts.Therefore,it is desirable yet challenging to explore a highly selective and efficient oxydehydrogenation capacity for DHIQ synthesis under eco-friendly reaction conditions.Herein,a novel framework 1 was synthesized,exhibiting 1D channels with the size of 4.6 A×9.6 A and high solvent/p H/thermal stability.A stable framework allows it to encapsulate Cu nanoparticles(NPs)to form Cu NPs@1-x(x=1,2,3,and 4)with varying loading amounts of Cu NPs at 2.0 wt%,3.0 wt%,4.0 wt%,and 6.0 wt%,respectively.Cu NPs@1-3 could selectively catalyze the reaction from THIQ to DHIQ with a high selectivity of 98%and a recorded turnover frequency(TOF)of 22.1 h-1under eco-friendly mild conditions.The corresponding catalytic activity can maintain at least five recyclings and can be further applied to gram-scale experiments.Additionally,the efficient preparation of DHIQ catalyzed by Cu NPs@1-3 could be realized even under air conditions.Importantly,the anticancer molecule precursor synthesis of 6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline was also selectively catalyzed by Cu NPs@1-3.Mechanism investigations revealed that high catalytic performance can be attributed to the stable framework and the synergistic catalytic effect of the loaded Cu NPs and Co metal centers.More importantly,this work represents the first example of MOF catalysts for selectively thermo-catalytic DHIQ synthesis and demonstrates a simple approach to obtain efficient catalysts for selective oxydehydrogenation in the production of unsaturated compounds.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks Cu NPs@MOFs 3 4-dihydroisoquinoline selective oxydehydrogenation synergistic catalysis

Aldehyde oxidase mediated enantioselective metabolic health risk of dinotefuran

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2079-2091页

作者： Liwei xu Xinxin xu Hua Kuang Chuanlai xu Xiaoling Wu State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China

Chiral pollutants often pose significant differential environmental health risks.In this study,the biotransformation of chiral dinotefuran(DIN)and its enantioselective metabolic toxicity mechanisms have been systemically investigated.Firstly,reversedphase chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was developed to quantify the content of DIN R/S chiral enantiomer with pg level sensitivity,revealing a lower elimination rate constant(K_(e))of S-DIN(0.730 h^(-1))than R-DIN(0.746 h^(-1)).Secondly,the interaction mechanism between DIN metabolism and important endogenous bioactive molecules,such as aldehyde oxidase(AOX)and neurotransmitters,was revealed.The DIN nitro-group was converted into a guanidine group by the reducing site of nearby flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)in AOX with the preferred higher affinity of S-configuration.Meanwhile,the endogenous tryptophan(Trp)aldehyde metabolic intermediate,5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde(5-HIAL),provides a persistent electron donor for DIN reduction via the oxidation-catalyzed site in AOX,resulting in remarkable up-regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine.Thirdly,the higher level of neurotransmitters further mediated dysregulation of oxylipin homeostasis via the serotonergic pathway,where S-DIN exhibited more pronounced liver lipid damage and environmental health risk with the accumulated lipid biomarkers,oxidized triglyceride(OxTG)and oxidized sphingomyelin(OxSM).This study elucidates the AOX-mediated enantioselectivity metabolic pathway of DIN,providing a new analytical method for chiral pollutants and paves the way for their health risk assessments.

关键词： neonicotinoid dinotefuran enantiomer aldehyde oxidase metabolomics health risk

Controllable chemical redox reactions to couple microbial degradation for organic contaminated sites remediation:A review

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 428-445页

作者： Bin Chen Jiang xu Lizhong Zhu College of environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Agriculture&Forest University Lin'an 311300China

Global environmental concern over organic contaminated sites has been progressively conspicuous during the process of urbanization and industrial restructuring.While traditional physical or chemical remediation technologies may significantly destroy the soil structure and function,coupling moderate chemical degradation with microbial remediation becomes a potential way for the green,economic,and efficient remediation of contaminated sites.Hence,this work systematically elucidates why and how to couple chemical technology with microbial remediation,mainly focused on the controllable redox reactions of organic contaminants.The rational design of materials structure,selective generation of reactive oxygen species,and estimation of degradation pathway are described for chemical oxidation.Meanwhile,current progress on efficient and selective reductions of organic contaminants(i.e.,dechlorination,defluorination,-NO_(2) reduction)is introduced.Combined with the microbial remediation of contaminated sites,several consideration factors of how to couple chemical and microbial remediation are proposed based on both fundamental and practical points of view.This review will advance the understanding and development of chemical-microbial coupled remediation for organic contaminated sites.

关键词： Soil remediation Groundwater remediation Rational design Reactive species environmental nanotechnology

Biotreatment of incinerated bottom ash and biocementation of sand blocks using soybean urease

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & engineering) 2024年第1期25卷 36-46页

作者： Xiaoniu YU Yidong xu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Construction Materials Southeast UniversityNanjing211189China School of Civil engineering and Architecture NingboTech UniversityNingbo315100China

Because of the high cost of cultivating urease-producing bacteria(UPB),this paper proposes soybean-urease-induced carbonate precipitation(SUICP)as a novel biocement for treatment of nickel contaminants and cementation of sandy soil.We found the optimal soaking time and soybean-powder content to be 30 min and 130 g/L,respectively,based on a standard of 5 U of urease activity.The most efficient removal of nickel ions is obtained with an ideal mass ratio of urea to nickel ions to soybean-powder filtrate(SPF)of 1:2.4:20.The removal efficiency of nickel ions can reach 89.42%when treating 1 L of nickel-ion solution(1200 mg/L with the optimal mass ratio).In incinerated bottom ash(IBA),the removal efficiency of nickel ions is 99.33%with the optimal mass ratio.In biocemented sandy soil,the average unconfined compressive strength(UCS)of sand blocks cemented with soybean urease-based biocement can reach 118.89 kPa when the cementation level is 3.Currently,the average content of CaCO_(3)in sand blocks is 2.52%.As a result,the SUICP process can be applied to remove heavy metal ions in wastewater or solid waste and improve the mechanical properties of soft soil foundations.

关键词： Biocement Soybean-powder filtrate(SPF) Removal efficiency Sandy soil Unconfined compressive strength(UCS)

Dysregulated bidirectional epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk:A core determinant of lung fibrosis progression

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Chinese Medical Journal Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第1期2卷 27-33页

作者： Liudi Yao Zijian xu Donna e.Davies Mark G.Jones Yihua Wang Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Clinical and experimental Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK

Progressive lung fibrosis is characterized by dysregulated extracellular matrix(eCM)homeostasis.Understand-ing of disease pathogenesis remains limited and has prevented the development of effective treatments.While an abnormal wound-healing response is strongly implicated in lung fibrosis initiation,factors that determine why fi-brosis progresses rather than regular tissue repair occur are not fully explained.Within human lung fibrosis,there is evidence of altered epithelial and mesenchymal populations as well as cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition(eMT),a dynamic and reversible biological process by which epithelial cells lose their cell polarity and down-regulate cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion to gain migratory properties.This review will focus on the role of eMT and dysregulated epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk in progressive lung fibrosis.

关键词： Lung fibrosis epithelial-mesenchymal transition(eMT) Crosstalk

The pathogenic mechanism of TAR DNA-binding protein 43(TDP-43)in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 800-806页

作者： Xinxin Wang Yushu Hu Renshi xu Medical College of Nanchang University Department of Neurology Jiangxi Provincial People's HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeThe Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College

The onset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is usually characterized by focal death of both upper and/or lower motor neurons occurring in the motor cortex,basal ganglia,brainstem,and spinal cord,and commonly involves the muscles of the upper and/or lower extremities,and the muscles of the bulbar and/or respiratory regions.However,as the disease progresses,it affects the adjacent body regions,leading to generalized muscle weakness,occasionally along with memory,cognitive,behavioral,and language impairments;respiratory dysfunction occurs at the final stage of the disease.The disease has a complicated pathophysiology and currently,only riluzole,edaravone,and phenylbutyrate/taurursodiol are licensed to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in many industrialized countries.The TAR DNA-binding protein 43 inclusions are observed in 97%of those diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.This review provides a preliminary overview of the potential effects of TAR DNAbinding protein 43 in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,including the abnormalities in nucleoplasmic transport,RNA function,post-translational modification,liquid-liquid phase separation,stress granules,mitochondrial dysfunction,oxidative stress,axonal transport,protein quality control system,and non-cellular autonomous functions(e.g.,glial cell functions and prion-like propagation).

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis axonal transport liquid-liquid phase separation noncellular autonomous functions oxidative stress pathogenesis post-translational modification protein quality control system stress granules TAR DNA-binding protein 43(TDP-43)

Translation machinery: the basis of translational control

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第4期51卷 367-378页

作者： Shu Yuan Guilong Zhou Guoyong xu State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Institute for Advanced Studies(IAS)Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China

Messenger RNA(mRNA)translation consists of initiation,elongation,termination,and ribosome recycling,carried out by the translation machinery,primarily including tRNAs,ribosomes,and translation factors(TrFs).Translational regulators transduce signals of growth and development,as well as biotic and abiotic stresses,to the translation machinery,where global or selective translational control occurs to modulate mRNA translation efficiency(Tre).As the basis of translational control,the translation machinery directly determines the quality and quantity of newly synthesized peptides and,ultimately,the cellular adaption.Thus,regulating the availability of diverse machinery components is reviewed as the central strategy of translational control.We provide classical signaling pathways(e.g.,integrated stress responses)and cellular behaviors(e.g.,liquideliquid phase separation)to exemplify this strategy within different physiological contexts,particularly during hostemicrobe interactions.With new technologies developed,further understanding this strategy will speed up translational medicine and translational agriculture.

关键词： Translational control Ribosome tRNA Translation machinery uORF Phase separation Immune response

MicroRNA (let-7b-5p)-targeted DARS2 regulates lung adenocarcinoma growth by PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

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Oncology Research 2024年第3期32卷 517-528页

作者： YUANYUAN xu XIAOKe CHeN Department of Oncology Surgery Shanghai Lung Cancer CenterShanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Background:The aberrant intraellular expression of a mitochondrial aspartyl tRNA synthetase 2(DARS2)has been reported in human cancers.Nevertheless its critical role and detailed mechanism in lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)remain unexplored.Methods:Initially,The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)based Gene expression Profiling Interactive Analysis(GePIA)database (http:/***/)was used to analyze the prognostic relevance of DARS2 expression in LUAD.Further,cell counting kit(CCK)8,immunostaining,and transwell invasion assays in LUAD cell lines in vitro,as well as DARS2 silence on LUAD by tumorigenicity experiments in wivo in nude mice,were performed.Besides,we analyzed the expression levels of p-PI3K(phosphorylated Phosphotylinosital3 kinase),PI3K,AKT(Protein Kinase B),p-AKT(phosphorylated Protein Kinase B),PCNA(proliferating cell nudear antigen),cleaved-caspase 3,e cadherin,and N-cadherin proteins using the Westem blot analysis.Results:LUAD tissues showed higher DARS2 expression compared to normal tissues.Upregulation of DARS2 could be related to Tumor-Node-Metastasis(TNM)stage,high lymph node metastasis,and inferior prognosis.DARS2 silence decreased the proliferation,migration,and invasion abilities of LUAD cells.In addition,the DARS2 downregulation decreased the PCNA and N-cadherin expression and increased cleaved:caspase 3 and e cadherin expressions in LUAD cells,coupled with the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Moreover,DARS2 silence impaired the tumonigenicity of LUAD in vivo.Interestingly,let:7b-5p could recognize DARS2 through a complementary sequence.Mechanistically,the increased let 7b 5p expression attenuated the promo oncogenic action of DARS2 during LUAD progression,which were inversely correlated to each other in the LUAD tssues Conclusion:In summary,let 7b-5p,downregulated DARS2 expression,regulating the progression of LUAD cells by the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

关键词： Lung adenocarcinoma Prognosis PI3K/AKT pathway Mitochondrial asparty-tRNA synthetase MicroRNAs