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Relating environmental variables with aquatic community structure in an agricultural/urban coldwater stream

ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 481-499页

作者： Daniel T.L.Myers Richard R.Rediske James N.McNair Aaron D.Parker e.wendy ogilvie Annis Water Resources Institute Grand Valley State University740 W Shoreline DriveMuskegonMI 49401USA. Michigan Department of environment Great Lakesand Energy525 W Allegan StreetLansingMI 48909USA. Grand Valley Metropolitan Council 678 Front Avenue NWSuite 200Grand RapidsMI 49504USA.

Background:Urban areas are often built along large rivers and surrounded by agricultural *** may lead to small tributary streams that have agricultural headwaters and urbanized lower *** study objectives assessed are as follows:(1)landscape,geomorphic,and water quality variables that best explained variation in aquatic communities and their integrity in a stream system following this agricultural-to-urban land use gradient;(2)ways this land use gradient caused aquatic communities to differ from what would be expected for an idealized natural stream or other longitudinal gradients;and(3)whether the impacts of this land use gradient on aquatic communities would grow larger in a downstream direction through the agricultural and urban *** study area was an impaired coldwater stream in Michigan,***:Many factors structured the biological communities along the agricultural-to-urban land use *** woody debris had the strongest relationship with ePT(ephemeroptera,Plecoptera,and Trichoptera)abundance and richness and were most common in the lower,urbanized *** streambed substrate had the strongest relationship with Diptera taxa and surface air breather macroinvertebrates and was dominant in agricultural *** community assemblage was influenced largely by stream flow and temperature regimes,while poor fish community integrity in lower urban reaches could be impacted by geomorphology and episodic urban pollution *** macroinvertebrates were most abundant in deforested,first-order agricultural headwaters,while ePT macroinvertebrate richness was the highest downstream of agricultural areas within the urban zone that had extensive forest ***:environmental variables and aquatic communities would often not conform with what we would expect from an idealized natural *** richness improved downstream of agricultural *** shows promise for the recovery of aquatic systems using we

关键词： Land use Habitat Stream Fish Macroinvertebrate Gradient

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Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1559-1568页

作者： Astrid e.J.ogilvie Leslie A.KING Noel KeeNLYSIDe François COUNILLON Brynhildur DAVIÐSDÓTTIR Níels eINARSSON Sergey GULeV Ke FAN Torben KOeNIGK James R.MCGOODWIN Marianne H.RASMUSSON Shuting YANG Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research(INSTAAR) University of ColoradoBoulder CO 80303USA Stefansson Arctic Institute AkureyriÍS-600Iceland Royal Roads University BC V9B 5Y2Canada University of Bergen Bergen N-5007Norway Nansen environmental and Remote Sensing Centre Bergen N-5007Norway University of Iceland Reykjavík 102Iceland Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Moscow 117218Russia Moscow State University Moscow 11991Russia Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100045China Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute SE-60176 NorrköpingSweden Danish Meteorological Institute CopenhagenØ2100Denmark Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS119017MoscowRussia

This paper celebrates Professor Yongqi GAO's significant achievement in the field of interdisciplinary studies within the context of his final research project Arctic Climate Predictions: Pathways to Resilient Sustainable Societies-ARCPATH(https://***/en/projects/finished-projects/arcpath). The disciplines represented in the project are related to climatology, anthropology, marine biology, economics, and the broad spectrum of social-ecological studies. Team members were drawn from the Nordic countries, Russia, China, the United States, and Canada. The project was transdisciplinary as well as interdisciplinary as it included collaboration with local knowledge holders. ARCPATH made significant contributions to Arctic research through an improved understanding of the mechanisms that drive climate variability in the Arctic. In tandem with this research, a combination of historical investigations and social, economic, and marine biological fieldwork was carried out for the project study areas of Iceland, Greenland, Norway, and the surrounding seas, with a focus on the joint use of ocean and sea-ice data as well as social-ecological drivers. ARCPATH was able to provide an improved framework for predicting the near-term variation of Arctic climate on spatial scales relevant to society, as well as evaluating possible related changes in socioeconomic realms. In summary, through the integration of information from several different disciplines and research approaches, ARCPATH served to create new and valuable knowledge on crucial issues, thus providing new pathways to action for Arctic communities.

关键词： Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

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Fusing Digital elevation Models to Improve Hydrological Interpretations

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2017年第5期9卷 558-575页

作者： Shane Furze Jae ogilvie Paul A. Arp Forest Watershed Research Center University of New Brunswick Fredericton Canada

Improving the accuracy of digital elevation is essential for reducing hydro-topographic derivation errors pertaining to, e.g., flow direction, basin borders, channel networks, depressions, flood forecasting, and soil drainage. This article demonstrates how a gain in this accuracy is improved through digital elevation model (DeM) fusion, and using LiDAR-derived elevation layers for conformance testing and validation. This demonstration is done for the Province of New Brunswick (NB, Canada), using five province-wide DeM sources (SRTM 90 m;SRTM 30 m;ASTeR 30 m;CDeD 22 m;NB-DeM 10 m) and a five-stage process that guides the re-projection of these DeMs while minimizing their elevational differences relative to LiDAR-captured bare-earth DeMs, through calibration and validation. This effort decreased the resulting non-LiDAR to LiDAR elevation differences by a factor of two, reduced the minimum distance conformance between the non-LiDAR and LiDAR-derived flow channels to ± 10 m at 8.5 times out of 10, and dropped the non-LiDAR wet-area percentages of false positives from 59% to 49%, and of false negatives from 14% to 7%. While these reductions are modest, they are nevertheless not only consistent with already existing hydrographic data layers informing about stream and wet-area locations, they also extend these data layers across the province by comprehensively locating previously unmapped flow channels and wet areas.

关键词： DeM Fusion LiDAR-Based Calibration Hydrographic Interpretations Stream Network Wet-Areas Mapping

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Assessing Soil-Related Black Spruce and White Spruce Plantation Productivity

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Open Journal of Forestry 2017年第2期7卷 209-227页

作者： Shane Furze Mark Castonguay Jae ogilvie Mina Nasr Pierre Cormier Rolland Gagnon Greg Adams Paul A. Arp Forest Watershed Research Center UNB Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management Fredericton Canada J.D. Irving Ltd. Sussex Canada

This article focuses on modelling and mapping the productivity of black (Picea mariana) and white spruce (Picea glauca) plantations across the Black Brook forest management area in northwestern New Brunswick, Canada, encompassing about 200,000 ha. This effort involved establishing 3500 50 m2 survey plots, each informing about: plantation age (15 to 43 years), planted species type, stem count, tree height, basal area, and wood volume. All of this was supplemented with location-specific productivity predictors, i.e., xy location and specifications pertaining to soil type, soil drainage (established through digital elevation modelling by way of the depth-to-water index DTW), and years since thinning (pre-commercial and commercial), and. The DTW index, as it emulates the elevation rise away from open water features such as streams, rivers and lakes, allowed the re-mapping of existing soil borders by topographic position and drainage association. Non-linear regression analysis revealed that plantation height, basal area and volume all increased with plantation age, as to be expected. Pre-commercial thinning in plantations ears old had a positive while the more recent commercial thinning still had the negative effect on standing wood volume and mean annual volume increment (MAI). White spruce MAI generally exceeded black spruce (MAI) by a factor of 1.25. Poor and excessive soil drainage reduced MAI. Best growth performances occurred on plantations established on well-drained calcareous soils. The best-fitted results so obtained allowed for generating black and white spruce MAI maps across the forest management area by ridge-to-valley soil and DTW location at 10 m resolution. These maps were subsequently used for site-by-site silvicultural evaluation and ranking purposes.

关键词： Forest Plantation Productivity Mapping Black Spruce White Spruce Soil Type & Drainage Digital Terrain Modelling

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对黄铜渗硅后所形成的特异结构的探讨

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华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) 1987年第4期 33-36页

作者：黄寿洪余仲奎 R.e.ogilvie J.A.Adario 华南工学院材料科学研究所华南工学院材料科学研究所美国麻塞诸塞州剑桥麻省理工学院材料科学与工程系美国麻塞诸塞州剑桥麻省理工学院材料科学与工程系扫描电镜室教授主任

一系列Cu-Z_n合金放入密封的坩埚中进行渗硅,坩埚内的粉末包括70ωt%si,28ωt%Al2O3和2ωt%NH4Cl,坩埚加热到1050℃保持5小时并慢冷至室温后,此时发现了一些极不寻常的显微组织,它呈现出锯齿形薄层的网状物,式样经X光衍射法,测出有α,β... 详细信息

一系列Cu-Z_n合金放入密封的坩埚中进行渗硅,坩埚内的粉末包括70ωt%si,28ωt%Al2O3和2ωt%NH4Cl,坩埚加热到1050℃保持5小时并慢冷至室温后,此时发现了一些极不寻常的显微组织,它呈现出锯齿形薄层的网状物,式样经X光衍射法,测出有α,β,γ和一个未决定的相,又用电子显微分析测试样成分,用扫描电镜观察其显微结构细节,又用扫描透射电镜研究特异结构微细部分。本文研究目的是测定合金会出现什么棚及产生“特异结构”的机理。

关键词：铜基合金孪晶间界特异结构黄铜渗硅锯齿形薄层的网状物双晶系统

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促进步行的干预措施：系统性综述

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英国医学杂志中文版 2008年第1期11卷 16-25页

作者： David ogilvie Charles e Foster Helen Rothnie Nick Cavill Val Hamilton Claire F Fitzsimons Nanette Mutrie 钱招昕(译) Medical ResearchCouncil Socialand Public HealthSciences Unit MRC fellow British Heart Foundation Health Promotion Research Group University of Oxford Oxford senior resarcher British Heart Foundation Health Promotion Research Group University of Oxford Oxford research associate Deparanent of Sport Culture and the Asts University of Strathclyde Glasgow research associate Deparanent of Sport Culture and the Asts University of Strathclyde Glasgow professor of exer5cise and sport psychology for the on behalf of the Scottish Physical Activity Research Collaboration(SPARColl) Deparanent of Sport Culture and the Asts University of Strathclyde SPARColl project coordinator Development and Alumni Office University of Glasgow Glasgow research assistant 不详

目的评估在个体和群体中促进步行的干预措施的作用。设计系统性综述。数据来源通过搜索25个电子数据库、网站、文献目录和已有的系统性综述，以及通过联系专家，识别出已发表的和未发表的任一语言的报道。综述方法系统性搜索和评价关于... 详细信息

目的评估在个体和群体中促进步行的干预措施的作用。设计系统性综述。数据来源通过搜索25个电子数据库、网站、文献目录和已有的系统性综述，以及通过联系专家，识别出已发表的和未发表的任一语言的报道。综述方法系统性搜索和评价关于任何类型的干预对人们步行的影响的前后对照研究，对干预效果的大小、干预效果在不同社会组群中的分布以及干预对总的体育活动、健身、疾病危险因素、健康状况和体格的影响进行评价。结果研究包括19项随机试验和29项非随机研究。根据人们需求进行的干预乃以大部分久坐的人或者那些有运动动机的人为目标，不论干预的履行是在个体水平（简单建议，支持步程计、使用通讯设备）、家庭水平（个体化营销）或群体水平，都能够激励人们更多地步行，尽管许多此类方法的可持续性、可推广性和临床效果还不确定。应用于工作场所、学校、社区或者地区的干预措施的有效证据通常主要来源于单独的研究或者是亚组分析。结论在目标参与者中，最成功的干预要求要能够在短期内至少使步行量平均每周增加达30-60分钟。从提高人群健康的前景来看，目前许多的研究提供了有效果的证据而不是有效性的证据。然而，促进步行的干预能够大大提高那些最不习惯于运动的人的运动水平。

关键词：系统性综述干预措施个体水平疾病危险因素运动水平干预效果群体水平电子数据库

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