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Bacterial Community and Function of Biological Activated Carbon Filter in Drinking Water Treatment

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2011年第2期24卷 122-131页

作者： zhang duoying LI WeiGuang zhang ShuMei LIU Miao ZHAO XiaoYu zhang XianCheng School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 Heilongjiang China National Engineering Research Centre of Urban Water Resources Harbin 150090 Heilongjiang China Institute of Microbiology of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences Harbin 150010 Heilongjiang China Heilongjiang East University Harbin 150086 Heilongjiang China

Objective It aims to investigate the changes in composition and structure of bacterial communities de-veloping on biological activated carbon （BAC） particles, and the bacterial functions. Method A pilot plant had been in service for 180 days, aiming to develop bacterial communities on acti-vated carbon naturally. After 180 days of operation, the bacterial communities were determined by dena-turing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） analyses of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes. The study on community composition and the phylogenetic relationships of the organisms was complemented by a se-quence analysis of cloned PCR products from 16S rRNA genes. Gas chromatorgaphy-mass （GC-MS） mea-surement was used to determine organic chemical composition of inflow and outflow water on the 300th day. TOC and NH 4 ＋ -N were also tested in this experiment. Results It showed that the stable bacterial structure did not develop on BAC particles until the 9th month during running time of the BAC filter. The communities were finally dominated by Pseudomonas sp., Ba-cillus sp., Nitrospira sp., and an uncultured bacterium. Stable bacterial communities played an important role in removal of NH 4 ＋ -N and total organic carbon （TOC）. Results from gas chromatorgaphy-mass （GC-MS） showed that 36 kinds of chemicals in feed water were eliminated, and concentrations of 5 kinds of chemicals decreased. These chemicals served as nutrients for the dominant bacteria. Conclusion The findings from the study suggested that the stability of microbial structure was beneficial for improving NH 4 ＋ -N and TOC removal efficiencies. The dominant bacteria had the advantage of biode-grading a wide range of organic chemicals and NH 4 ＋ -N.

关键词： Biological activated carbon Bacterial community Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis

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强化低温、低碳氮比污水脱氮的优势菌特性

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黑龙江大学自然科学学报 2024年第1期41卷 62-69页

作者：田源孙传荣张道杨李冯辰刘莹白也张军吴淼男张多英黑龙江大学建筑工程学院哈尔滨150080 勃利县市场监督管理局检验检测中心七台河154500

低温、低碳氮比(BOD5/TN)污水的有效脱氮一直是北方城镇污水处理厂亟待解决的难题。对从哈尔滨地区低温(4~6℃)地下水中筛选获得的优势菌Y24-6进行研究,初步鉴定其为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas),研究发现菌株Y24-6在自养条件下对硝酸盐去... 详细信息

低温、低碳氮比(BOD5/TN)污水的有效脱氮一直是北方城镇污水处理厂亟待解决的难题。对从哈尔滨地区低温(4~6℃)地下水中筛选获得的优势菌Y24-6进行研究,初步鉴定其为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas),研究发现菌株Y24-6在自养条件下对硝酸盐去除率为(24.00±1.24)%。通过分析Pseudomonas sp.Y24-6对NO_(3)^(-)-N的去除过程,发现其在2 h内对硝酸盐的去除速率最高,为25.91 mg·L^(-1)·h^(-1)。基因组(序列号:JACBXG000000000)分析结果表明,菌株Y24-6通过CsrA、GlnL、GlnK和GlnA信号蛋白调控菌株的碳、氮代谢,且其中存在CO_(2)固定的关键酶基因(ppc和icd),在有机碳源不足时可通过固定环境中的CO_(2)来去除NO_(3)^(-)-N。将菌株Y24-6固定在S3型填料,24 h后每个填料可形成的菌量为(7.3±3.7)mg。用固定化的菌株Y24-6处理BOD5/TN<1、4℃的实际污水,TN的去除率平均为(34.55±0.09)%,对低温低碳氮比污水处理效果显著,本研究结果为寒区城镇污水冬季脱氮提供了参考依据。

关键词：低温低碳氮比污水脱氮优势菌

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连续流反应器中好氧颗粒污泥快速培养研究进展

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净水技术 2024年第4期43卷 46-53,139页

作者：麦智源李季穆雨彤王素蕾曹浩然张多英黑龙江大学建筑工程学院黑龙江哈尔滨150006

好氧颗粒污泥(aerobic granular sludge,AGS)是目前最有前景的污水生物处理技术之一,采用连续流反应器(continuous flow reactor,CFR)进行AGS快速培养的技术近年来受到广泛关注。文中通过综述间歇式反应器(sequencing batch reactor,SBR... 详细信息

好氧颗粒污泥(aerobic granular sludge,AGS)是目前最有前景的污水生物处理技术之一,采用连续流反应器(continuous flow reactor,CFR)进行AGS快速培养的技术近年来受到广泛关注。文中通过综述间歇式反应器(sequencing batch reactor,SBR)工艺实现快速颗粒化的调控方法、CFR强化颗粒化及优化控制,总结了目前SBR工艺实现快速颗粒化的主要措施,以及采用基于SBR颗粒化的原理在CFR中实现快速颗粒化的可行方案,包括选择压优化、饱食/饥饿(feast/famine)条件以及晶核策略(crystal nucleus)等。最后对CFR工艺实现快速颗粒化的应用前景进行了展望,并提出探究SBR中强化颗粒化的策略,将有望在未来更加深入地研究AGS在CFR中的形成机理。

关键词：好氧颗粒污泥污水处理快速颗粒化连续流反应器(CFR) 间歇式反应器(SBR)

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CAS-ESM2.0 Successfully Reproduces Historical Atmospheric CO_(2) in a Coupled Carbon−Climate Simulation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第4期41卷 572-580页

作者： Jiawen ZHU Juanxiong HE duoying JI Yangchun LI He zhang Minghua zhang Xiaodong ZENG Kece FEI Jiangbo JIN International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Stony Brook UniversityNY 11790USA University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2))concentration has been increasing rapidly since the Industrial Revolution,which has led to unequivocal global warming and crucial environmental *** is extremely important to investigate the interactions among atmospheric CO_(2),the physical climate system,and the carbon cycle of the underlying surface for a better understanding of the Earth *** system models are widely used to investigate these interactions via coupled carbon-climate *** Chinese Academy of Sciences Earth System Model version 2(CAS-ESM2.0)has successfully fixed a two-way coupling of atmospheric CO_(2)with the climate and carbon cycle on land and in the *** CAS-ESM2.0,we conducted a coupled carbon-climate simulation by following the CMIP6 proposal of a historical emissions-driven *** paper examines the modeled CO_(2)by comparison with observed CO_(2)at the sites of Mauna Loa and Barrow,and the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite(GOSAT)CO_(2)*** results showed that CAS-ESM2.0 agrees very well with observations in reproducing the increasing trend of annual CO_(2)during the period 1850-2014,and in capturing the seasonal cycle of CO_(2)at the two baseline sites,as well as over northern high *** agreements illustrate a good ability of CAS-ESM2.0 in simulating carbon-climate interactions,even though uncertainties remain in the processes *** paper reports an important stage of the development of CAS-ESM with the coupling of carbon and climate,which will provide significant scientific support for climate research and China’s goal of carbon neutrality.

关键词： CAS-ESM atmospheric CO_(2) coupled carbon-climate simulation emissions-driven CMIP6 experiment

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CAS-ESM2.0 Dataset for the Carbon Dioxide Removal Model Intercomparison Project(CDRMIP)

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 989-1000页

作者： Jiangbo JIN duoying JI Xiao DONG Kece FEI Run GUO Juanxiong HE Yi YU Zhaoyang CHAI He zhang Dongling zhang Kangjun CHEN Qingcun ZENG International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology College of Global Change and Earth System ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Understanding the response of the Earth system to varying concentrations of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is critical for projecting possible future climate change and for providing insight into mitigation and adaptation strategies in the near *** this study,we generate a dataset by conducting an experiment involving carbon dioxide removal(CDR)—a potential way to suppress global warming—using the Chinese Academy of Sciences Earth System Model version 2.0(CASESM2.0).A preliminary evaluation is *** model is integrated from 200–340 years as a 1%yr^(−1) CO_(2) concentration increase experiment,and then to~478 years as a carbon dioxide removal experiment until CO_(2) returns to its original ***,another 80 years is integrated in which CO_(2) is kept *** in the 2-m temperature,precipitation,sea surface temperature,ocean temperature,Atlantic meridional overturning circulation(AMOC),and sea surface height are all *** the ramp-up period,the global mean 2-m temperature and precipitation both increase while the AMOC *** of all the above variables change in the opposite direction in the ramp-down period,with a delayed peak relative to the CO_(2) *** CO_(2) returns to its original value,the global mean 2-m temperature is still~1 K higher than in the original state,and precipitation is~0.07 mm d^(–1) *** the end of the simulation,there is a~0.5°C increase in ocean temperature and a 1 Sv weakening of the *** model simulation produces similar results to those of comparable experiments previously reported in the literature.

关键词： CAS-ESM2.0 CDRMIP carbon dioxide removal AMOC temperature precipitation sea surface height

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抽运光谱宽度对喇曼光纤放大器的影响

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光子学报 2005年第5期34卷 690-693页

作者：张多英巩稼民李建东西安电子科技大学综合业务网国家重点实验室西安邮电学院电信系西安710061

采用受激喇曼散射(SRS)耦合波理论分析了抽运光谱宽度对喇曼光纤放大器的影响,指出当采用宽光谱作抽运光时会降低抽运效率同时,文中还给出了抽运光谱宽度、抽运光功率和抽运效率间的变化规律曲线,得出当传输光纤的有效截面积越小、喇... 详细信息

采用受激喇曼散射(SRS)耦合波理论分析了抽运光谱宽度对喇曼光纤放大器的影响,指出当采用宽光谱作抽运光时会降低抽运效率同时,文中还给出了抽运光谱宽度、抽运光功率和抽运效率间的变化规律曲线,得出当传输光纤的有效截面积越小、喇曼增益系数越大、抽运光的入纤功率和光谱线宽度越大时,光谱抽运效率越小的结论。

关键词：受激喇曼散射喇曼放大石英光纤密集波分复用

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The Spatial Distribution of Nitrite Concentrations in a Large Drinking Water Distribution System in Finland

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第8期9卷 1026-1042页

作者： Pirjo-Liisa Rantanen Minna M.Keinanen-Toivola Merja Ahonen Ilkka Mellin duoying zhang Tuula Laakso Riku Vahala Department of Built Environment School of EngineeringAalto UniversityEspooFinland Faculty of Technology Satakunta University of Applied SciencesRaumaFinland Department of Mathematics and Systems Analysis School of ScienceAalto UniversityEspooFinland School of Civil Engineering Heilongjiang UniversityHarbinChina Helsinki Regional Environmental Services Authority HelsinkiFinland

Nitrite in drinking water is a potential health hazard and monitoring its concentrations in distributed water is of paramount importance. When monochloramine is used in secondary disinfection in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs), nitrite is often formed by nitrification in the biofilm on the inner surface of distribution pipes. This article attempts to identify areas with a risk of increased nitrite concentrations as well as the main reasons leading to nitrite occurrence in a large urban DWDS in Finland using spatial inspection of obligatory monitoring data. Nitrification was found to occur throughout the study area, though nitrite was not increased everywhere. Instead, nitrite was increased close to the water treatment plants (WTPs) and was connected to fresh drinking water than stagnant drinking water. Temperature effects on nitrite concentrations were surprisingly insignificant, even though it is well known that nitrification reactions are affected by temperature. The temperature dependence of ammonium and total residual chlorine was more significant than the dependence of nitrite. The findings of this study emphasize the need to monitor nitrite concentrations close to WTPs.

关键词： Ammonium Disinfection with Monochloramine Distribution System Drinking Water DWDS Maximum Water Age Nitrification Nitrite Concentrations Residual Total Chlorine Spatial Inspection Temperature

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负载金属捕获剂改性PAC吸附低温水中低浓度Cr(Ⅵ)特性

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化工学报 2012年第11期63卷 3680-3687页

作者：公绪金李伟光张多英刘柏音哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院黑龙江哈尔滨150090 黑龙江东方学院黑龙江哈尔滨150086 中国环境科学研究院北京100012

针对低温微污染水中(275K)低浓度Cr(Ⅵ)离子(0.500mg.L-1),制备基于表面负载食品级单宁酸为金属捕获剂的改性PAC(TA-PAC),以HNO3、NaOH氧化改性PAC为对照,研究了TA-PAC的表面物理化学特性和吸附性能,并进行了pH影响和吸附等温线拟合研... 详细信息

针对低温微污染水中(275K)低浓度Cr(Ⅵ)离子(0.500mg.L-1),制备基于表面负载食品级单宁酸为金属捕获剂的改性PAC(TA-PAC),以HNO3、NaOH氧化改性PAC为对照,研究了TA-PAC的表面物理化学特性和吸附性能,并进行了pH影响和吸附等温线拟合研究。结果表明:TA-PAC的比表面积、总孔容积和表面极性大小最佳。TA-PAC对低温水中Cr(Ⅵ)及总铬的去除效果优于N-PAC和OH-PAC。酸性范围内(pH=3.0～6.0)TA-PAC对Cr(Ⅵ)及总铬的去除率均大于碱性范围(pH=7.0～10.0)。Freundlich双参数吸附等温式对TA-HNC吸附水中低浓度总铬的吸附等温线拟合效果最好(R2=0.9941)。TA-PAC吸附低温水中低浓度Cr(Ⅵ)是一个极为复杂的过程,主要吸附机理可能包括表面还原作用、酯化/螯合作用和离子交换作用等。

关键词：粉末活性炭六价铬金属捕获剂食品级单宁酸表面改性

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基于ZigBee环境监控系统的MAC协议研究

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计算机测量与控制 2012年第3期20卷 708-710,727页

作者：王玉和张多英张卫暨南大学电子工程系广东广州510632

针对环境污染监控系统数据量小、时间间隔长、周期性等缺点,改进IEEE 802.15.4MAC层规范,提出适合环境监测系统的协议emMAC,协议使用MAC层帧的保留位,保持帧长和格式不变,将GTS时隙进行再细分,最多可分为112个时隙,可为每个节点分配一... 详细信息

针对环境污染监控系统数据量小、时间间隔长、周期性等缺点,改进IEEE 802.15.4MAC层规范,提出适合环境监测系统的协议emMAC,协议使用MAC层帧的保留位,保持帧长和格式不变,将GTS时隙进行再细分,最多可分为112个时隙,可为每个节点分配一个时隙进行CFP访问,并为提高QoS加入预警发送机制。emMAC保持了与IEEE802.15.4的兼容,通过使用omnet++4.1分析与仿真表明,协议有效的避免了信道冲撞,减少能耗,延长了网络寿命,性能优于802.15.4协议。

关键词：环境监控 MAC IEEE802.15.4 emMAC

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玉米内生联合固氮菌的分离与鉴定

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东北农业大学学报 2010年第2期41卷 6-10页

作者：张多英张淑梅蔡柏岩黑龙江东方学院食品与环境工程学部哈尔滨150086 黑龙江省科学院微生物研究所哈尔滨150010 黑龙江大学生命科学学院哈尔滨150086

试验对玉米内生固氮菌进行分离、鉴定,并研究内生细菌与玉米的联合固氮活性。结果表明,从玉米中分离出5株具有联合固氮活性的菌株,分别为1株弯曲假单胞菌NFR19(Pseudomonas geniculata),2株产酸克雷伯氏菌NFL28与NFSt18(Klebsiella oxyt... 详细信息

试验对玉米内生固氮菌进行分离、鉴定,并研究内生细菌与玉米的联合固氮活性。结果表明,从玉米中分离出5株具有联合固氮活性的菌株,分别为1株弯曲假单胞菌NFR19(Pseudomonas geniculata),2株产酸克雷伯氏菌NFL28与NFSt18(Klebsiella oxytoca),1株节杆菌NFR7(Arthrobacter sp.),1株纤维化纤维菌NFR10(Cellulosimicrobium cellulans)。研究首次分离出具有固氮活性的纤维化纤维菌,并证实节杆菌具有固氮活性。从环境中筛选新的玉米内生固氮菌资源,促进玉米生长,为玉米内生联合固氮细菌的应用奠定基础。

关键词：玉米内生细菌联合固氮分离鉴定

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