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Autophagy and its role in gastrointestinal diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第36期30卷 4014-4020页

作者： bo-Zong Shao Wen-Gang Zhang Zhen-yu Liu En-Qiang Linghu Department of Gastroenterology First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100853China

Gastrointestinal disorders encompass a spectrum of conditions affecting various organs within the digestive system,such as the esophagus,stomach,colon,rectum,pancreas,liver,small intestine,and bile *** role of autophagy in the etiology and progression of gastrointestinal diseases has garnered significant *** paper seeks to evaluate the impact and mechanisms of autophagy in gastrointestinal disorders by synthesizing recent research ***,we delve into inflammation-related gastrointestinal conditions,including ulcerative colitis,Crohn’s disease,and pancreatitis,as well as gastrointestinal cancers such as esophageal,gastric,and colorectal ***,we provide commentary on a recent publication by Chang et al in the World Journal of *** objective is to offer fresh perspectives on the mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for these gastrointestinal *** review aims to offer new perspectives on the mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for gastrointestinal disorders by critically analyzing relevant *** discussed,the role of autophagy in gastrointestinal diseases is complex and,at times,*** harness the full therapeutic potential of autophagy in treating these conditions,more in-depth research is imperative.

关键词： Autophagy Inflammation Cancer Inflammatory bowel disease Pancreatitis

Mechanical Janus lattice with plug-switch orientation

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2024年第1期14卷 23-26页

作者： yupei Zhang Jiawei Zhong Zhengcai Zhao Ruiyu Bai Yanqi Yin Yang yu bo Li State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System EngineeringShaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots School of Mechanical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Qian Xuesen Honors College Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

In recent years,materials with asymmetric mechanical response properties(mechanical Janus materials)have been found possess numerous potential applications,*** absorption and vibration *** this study,we propose a novel mechanical Janus lattice whose asymmetric mechanical response can be switched in orientation by a *** finite element analysis and experimental verification,this lattice exhibits asymmetric displacement responses to symmetric ***,with such a plug structure inside,individual lattices can switch the orientation of asymmetry and thus achieve reprogrammable design of a mechanical structure with chained *** reprogrammable asymmetry of this material will offer multiple functions in design of mechanical metamaterials.

关键词： Janus Non-reciprocity Programmability Mechanical metamaterial

Beating the Fault-Tolerance bound and Security Loopholes for Byzantine Agreement with a Quantum Solution

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 445-455页

作者： Chen-Xun Weng Rui-Qi Gao yu Bao Bing-Hong Li Wen-bo Liu yuan-Mei Xie yu-Shuo Lu Hua-Lei Yin Zeng-Bing Chen National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education)Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China.

Byzantine agreement,the underlying core of blockchain,aims to make every node in a decentralized network reach *** Byzantine agreements unavoidably face two major *** is 1/3 fault-tolerance bound,which means that the system to tolerate f malicious players requires at least 3f+1 *** other is the security loopholes from its classical cryptography ***,we propose a Byzantine agreement framework with unconditional security to break this bound with nearly 1/2 fault tolerance due to multiparty correlation provided by quantum digital *** is intriguing that quantum entanglement is not necessary to break the 1/3 fault-tolerance bound,and we show that weaker correlation,such as asymmetric relationship of quantum digital signature,can also *** work strictly obeys two Byzantine conditions and can be extended to any number of players without requirements for multiparticle *** experimentally demonstrate three-party and five-party consensus for a digital *** work indicates the quantum advantage in terms of consensus problems and suggests an important avenue for quantum blockchain and quantum consensus networks.

关键词： methods. quantum signature

Low Concentration of Wenyang Tonglin Decoction Promotes Conjugation and Transfer of Drug-Resistant Plasmids among Heterologous Strains

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第8期30卷 721-728页

作者： WANG Bi-yan BU Hong-shi XIA Li-bo JIANG Xiang-yu TONG Yan-qing Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Changchun University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChangchun130000China

Objective To investigate the effect of low concentration of Wenyang Tonglin Decoction(WTD)on the binding conditions of R45 plasmid conjugative transfer under liquid phase conjugation and its *** Escherichia coli CP9(R45)and Staphylococcus aureus RN450RF were cultured in medium containing WTD,and their minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)values were *** promoter fusion technology,*** CP9(R45)containing a promoter fusion was obtained.β-Galactosidase activity of TrfAp and TrbBp was tested,and the mRNA expression of regulatory factors(TrbA,KorA,and KorB)was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain *** The MIC of *** CP9(R45)was 400 g/L and that of *** RN450RF was 200 g/*** the drug concentration in the culture medium was 200 g/L,the highest number of conjugants was(3.47±0.20)×10^(7) CFU/mL At 90 h of conjugation,the maximum number of conjugants was(1.15±0.06)×10^(8) CFU/mL When the initial bacterial concentration was 10^(8) CFU/mL,the maximum number of conjugants was(3.47±0.20)×10^(7) CFU/*** the drug concentration was 200 g/L,theβ-galactosidase activity of TrfAp and TrbBp significantly increased;the relative quantification of TrbA,KorA and KorB were significantly *** Low concentration of WTD promoted the development of bacterial resistance by affecting promoters and inhibiting the expression of regulatory factors.

关键词： urinary tract infection Chinese medicine drug-resistant plasmid heterozygous strains conjugation transfer

Is reactive oxygen species the only way for cancer inhibition over single atom nanomedicine?Autophagy regulation also works

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 474-479页

作者： yuanyi Zhou Ke Ma Jinfeng Liu Zirun Zheng bo Hu yu Meng Zhizhong Li Mingshan Zhu Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base The First and Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Reconstruction The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University(Heyuan Shenhe People’s Hospital)Heyuan 517465China School of Environment Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Department of Nephrology The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

Exploring the therapeutic effect of single atom catalysts beyond reactive oxygen species(ROS)modulation would boost the prosperity of nanomedicine in cancer *** as a vital therapy target offers new options for the control of renal cell carcinoma(RCC)***,Fe single atom-decorated graphene oxide(Fe_(1)-GO)nanosheet is developed to be a feasible autophagy inducer in RCC *** the well-dispersed O-Fe_(1)-O active sites,Fe_(1)-GO kills ACHN cells effectively but maintains acceptable cytotoxicity to the normal podocyte and HK2 ***-depth analyses ascribe the inhibition of ACHN cells to the upregulated autophagy instead of the commonly known catalytic ROS *** in vivo therapeutic effect of Fe_(1)-GO nanomedicine is also validated by the RCC-bearing BALB/c mice model,realizing an 89% reduction of tumor weight and good *** work provides new insights into the design of autophagy regulators as well as potential therapeutic strategies for RCC treatment.

关键词： Fe single atom Autophagy Renal cell carcinoma Graphene oxide Cancer therapy

Balancing efficacy and safety of doxorubicin-loaded albumin nanoparticles utilizing pH-sensitive doxorubicin-fatty acid prodrugs

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5491-5500页

作者： yuanhao yu Shiyi Zuo Jiaxuan Song Lingxiao Li Tian Liu Jiayu Guo Yaqiao Li Danping Wang Qi Lu Helin Wang dun Zhou Zhonggui He Xiaohong Liu Bingjun Sun Jin Sun School of Pharmacy Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China Wuya College of Innovation Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China Department of Pharmacy The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhou 121001China Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems Ministry of EducationShenyang 110016China

Albumin nanoparticles(ANPs)offer unique advantages for antitumor drug delivery system,including non-immunogenicity and inherent tumor-targeting *** present,only a few products,such as ABRAXANE®and FYARRO™,have been approved for clinical *** poor affinity of doxorubicin(DOX)for albumin,coupled with its numerous severe adverse reactions,poses challenges in the fabrication of desirable albumin nanoparticles loaded with *** this study,we developed prodrugs by conjugating fatty acids of varying lengths with *** aim was to investigate the balance between efficacy and safety through the selection of appropriate *** synthesized five pH-sensitive doxorubicin-fatty acid *** to free DOX,all DOX prodrug ANPs exhibited a uniform size distribution with desirable sizes of 150 ***,DOX prodrugs with hydrazone bonds remained intact in blood circulation while releasing DOX within tumor ***,the characteristics of prodrug ANPs were considerably influenced by the length of fatty acids,impacting their in vivo pharmacokinetics,antitumor effectiveness and tumor *** research offers a detailed understanding of the length of fatty acid influence on DOX-fatty acid prodrug-based ANPs,and it builds a good platform for creating ANPs which prioritize high drug loading,high efficiency,and minimal side effects.

关键词： fatty acid prodrug albumin doxorubicin pH-sensitive bond nanomedicines

Bipolar hip arthroplasty using conjoined tendon preserving posterior lateral approach in treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第6期12卷 1076-1083页

作者： Ting-Xin Yan Sheng-Jie Dong bo Ning yu-Chi Zhao Department of Joint Surgery Yantaishan HospitalYantai 264003Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Joint Surgery Dongying People's HospitalDongying 257091Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Hip fractures account for 23.8%of all fractures in patients over the age of 75 *** than half of these patients are older than 80 *** hemiarthroplasty(BHA)was established as an effective management option for these *** approaches can be used for the BHA ***,there is a high risk of postoperative *** conjoined tendon-preserving posterior(CPP)lateral approach was introduced to reduce postoperative dislocation *** To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the CPP lateral approach for BHA in elderly *** We retrospectively analyzed medical data from 80 patients with displaced femoral neck fractures who underwent *** patients were followed up for at least 1 *** the 80 patients,57(71.3%)were *** time to operation averaged 2.3 d(range:1-5 d).The mean age was 80.5 years(range:67-90 years),and the mean body mass index was 24.9 kg/m^(2)(range:17-36 kg/m^(2)).According to the Garden classification,42.5%of patients were typeⅢand 57.5%of patients were typeⅣ.Uncemented bipolar hip prostheses were used for all *** conjoined tendons,dislocations,and adverse complications during and after surgery were *** The mean postoperative follow-up time was 15.3 months(range:12-18 months).The average surgery time was 52 min(range:40-70 min)with an average blood loss of 120 mL(range:80-320 mL).The transfusion rate was 10%(8 of 80 patients).The gemellus inferior was torn in 4 patients(5%),while it was difficult to identify in 2 patients(2.5%)during *** posterior capsule was punctured by the fractured femoral neck in 3 patients,but the conjoined tendon and the piriformis tendon remained *** patients had stem varus greater than 3 degrees or femoral *** were no patients with stem subsidence more than 5 mm at the last *** postoperative dislocations were observed throughout the follow-up *** significance was found between preoperative an

关键词： Conjoined tendon preserving Bipolar hip arthroplasty Femoral neck fractures Postoperative dislocation Posterolateral approach

The future of artificial hibernation medicine:protection of nerves and organs after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 22-28页

作者： Caiyun Liu Haixin yu Zhengchao Li Shulian Chen Xiaoyin Li Xuyi Chen bo Chen School of Acupuncture&Moxibustion and Tuina Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina Research Center of Experimental Acupucture Science Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force TianjinChina Binhai New Area Hospital of TCM TianjinChina Fourth Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM TianjinChina

Spinal cord injury is a serious disease of the central nervous system involving irreversible nerve injury and various organ system *** present,no effective clinical treatment *** one of the artificial hibernation techniques,mild hypothermia has preliminarily confirmed its clinical effect on spinal cord ***,its technical defects and barriers,along with serious clinical side effects,restrict its clinical application for spinal cord *** hibernation is a futureoriented disruptive technology for human life *** involves endogenous hibernation inducers and hibernation-related central neuromodulation that activate particular neurons,reduce the central constant temperature setting point,disrupt the normal constant body temperature,make the body adapt"to the external cold environment,and reduce the physiological resistance to cold ***,studying the artificial hibernation mechanism may help develop new treatment strategies more suitable for clinical use than the cooling method of mild hypothermia *** review introduces artificial hibernation technologies,including mild hypothermia technology,hibernation inducers,and hibernation-related central neuromodulation *** summarizes the relevant research on hypothermia and hibernation for organ and nerve *** studies show that artificial hibernation technologies have therapeutic significance on nerve injury after spinal co rd injury through inflammatory inhibition,immunosuppression,oxidative defense,and possible central *** also promotes the repair and protection of res pirato ry and digestive,cardiovascular,locomoto r,urinary,and endocrine *** review provides new insights for the clinical treatment of nerve and multiple organ protection after spinal cord injury thanks to artificial *** present,artificial hibernation technology is not mature,and research fa ces various *** rtheless,the effort is wo rthwhi

关键词： artificial hibernation central thermostatic-resista nt regulation hypothermia multi-system protection neuroprotection organ protection spinal cord injury synthetic torpor

Super-high bed sintering for iron ores:problems ascertainment

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第5期31卷 1063-1070页

作者： Liang-ping Xu Hui-bo Liu yu-chao Zhao Qiang Zhong Zhong-lin Dong Guang-hui Li Tao Jiang School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083HunanChina

Super-high bed sintering process is an important development direction of iron ore sintering for its lower emission and higher ***,there is a lack of deep understanding of the uneven quality of super-high bed sintering products,and the deterioration of reduction disintegration performance,the thickening of hearth layer and the reduction in energy-saving effect are perplexing enterprises and *** ascertain the problems of super-high bed sintering,ten sintering machines with the areas of 265,280,360,550 and 660 m^(2)and bed depth above 900 mm were sampled and *** results showed that problems were mainly shown in the unevenness of chemical composition,macrostructure,mechanical strength and metallurgical *** chemical composition exhibits severe segregation in both horizontal and vertical directions,with basicity segregation reaching as high as *** uneven macrostructure of sinter is reflected in a 10%difference in porosity and mechanical strength increase in 16%–19%along the vertical *** reducibility and reduction disintegration performance gradually deteriorate along the bed depth,with a difference of 10.5%in reducibility and 7.3%in RDI−0.5 mm(reduction disintegration index of sinter with size smaller than 0.5 mm).

关键词： Super-high bed sintering Uneven sinter performance Segregation Agglomeration Iron ore