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Indigenous microbiota protects development of medication-related osteonecrosis induced by periapical disease in mice

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International Journal of Oral Science 2022年第2期14卷 156-163页

作者： wen Du Mengyu Yang Terresa Kim Sol Kim drake w.williams Maryam Esmaeili Christine Hong Ki-Hyuk Shin Mo K.Kang No-Hee Park Reuben H.Kim State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Department of Prosthodontics West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research Los AngelesUSA Section of Restorative Dentistry UCLA School of DentistryLos AngelesUSA Department of Orofacial Sciences UCSF School of DentistrySan FranciscoUSA UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center Los AngelesUSA David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los AngelesUSA

Bacterial infection is a common finding in patients,who develop medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw(MRONJ)by the longterm and/or high-dose use of anti-resorptive agents such as bisphosphonate(BPs).However,pathological role of bacteria in MRONJ development at the early stage remains ***,we demonstrated that commensal microbiota protects against MRONJ development in the pulp-exposed periapical periodontitis mouse model.C57/BL6 female mice were treated with intragastric broadspectrum antibiotics for 1 *** acid(ZOL)through intravenous injection and antibiotics in drinking water were administered for throughout the *** was exposed on the left maxillary first molar,then the mice were left for 5 weeks after which bilateral maxillary first molar was extracted and mice were left for additional 3 weeks to *** mice were harvested,and cecum,maxilla,and femurs were *** development was assessed usingμCT and histologic *** antibiotic was treated in mice,these mice had no weight changes,but developed significantly enlarged ceca compared to the control group(CTL mice).Periapical bone resorption prior to the tooth extraction was similarly prevented when treated with antibiotics,which was confirmed by decreased osteoclasts and *** treatment with pulp exposure significantly increased bone necrosis as determined by empty lacunae and necrotic bone ***,antibiotics treatment could further exacerbate bone necrosis,with increased osteoclast *** findings suggest that the commensal microbiome may play protective role,rather than pathological role,in the early stages of MRONJ development.

关键词： protective finding antibiotics

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Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i>Found in Chitterlings, Raw Milk and Swine Fecal Samples

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Advances in Microbiology 2018年第10期8卷 804-820页

作者： F. N. drake S. Davis J. Khatiwada L. williams North Carolina A & T State University North Carolina Research Campus Kannapolis NC USA

Foodborne illness is an escalating concern upon public health. The prevalence of Yersinia enterocolitica was assessed in chitterlings, raw milk and swine fecal from North Carolina. Uncleaned thirty chitterling samples procured from a local grocery store, forty-five swine fecal samples, and forty unpasteurized cow milk samples supplied by the University farm were evaluated for the presence of Y. enterocolitica. Isolates identified as presumptive positive were characterized as colonies with a pink or deep-red center on MacConkey and CIN agar, and verified further through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of 16S rRNA gene for the Yersinia genera. Results showed that 4.4% swine fecal samples, 7.5% milk samples and 11.3% chitterling samples were presumptive positive for Y. enterocolitica by the direct plating method on selective agars. Of the thirty-chitterling samples examined by PCR for the 16S rRNA gene, 26% samples contained the identification gene for the bacteria of interest. After conducting virulence tests, the fecal samples were revealed as non-pathogenic. Only one of the milk samples were considered pathogenic and consisted of the following virulent genes: Yersinia heat-stable toxin (yst), invasion (inv), attachment invasion locus (ail), virulence regulon transcriptional activator (virF), Yersinia adehesin A (yadA), and the O:3 antigen gene (rfbC). Seven out of the eight (87.5%) chitterling samples were shown to be pathogenic. Disc diffusion was conducted to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates. Over half (55.5%) of the antimicrobial agents were found effective, with isolates being completely susceptible to ciprofloxacin, kanamycin, trimethoprim, cefotaxime, and gentamycin. Ampicillin was determined to be least effective, where 84.6% of the samples presented resistance to the drug. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and ERIC-PCR techniques were used to evaluate genetic similarity among the Yersinia isolates. Th

关键词： Yersinia enterocolitica Polymerase Chain Reaction Antimicrobial

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