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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第2期10卷 434-445页

作者： Yong Chae Lim Jiheon Jun donovan n.leonard Yuan Li Jian Chen Michael P.Brady Zhili Feng Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOne Bethel Valley RoadOak RidgeTN 37831USA

A new testing methodology was developed to quantitively study galvanic corrosion of AZ31B and thermoset carbon-fiber–reinforced polymer spot-joined by a friction self-piercing riveting ***-defined areas of AZ31B in the joint were exposed in 0.1 M naCl solution over *** galvanic corrosion of AZ31B was observed as exposure time *** measured volume loss was converted into corrosion current that was at least 48 times greater than the corrosion current of AZ31B without galvanic *** percent of the mechanical joint integrity was retained for corroded F-SPR joints to 200 h and then decreased because of the massive volume loss of AZ31B。

关键词： Multi-material joining Carbon fiber–reinforced polymer AZ31B Friction self-piercing riveting Galvanic corrosion Mechanical joint strength

Galvanic corrosion of AZ31B joined to dual-phase steel with and without Zn layer by ultrasonic and friction stir welding

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第2期11卷 462-479页

作者： Jiheon Jun Vineet V.Joshi Alasdair Crawford Vilayanur Viswanathan donovan n.leonard Jian Chen Piyush Updadhyay Yong Chae Lim Zhili Feng Oak Ridge national Laboratory Oak RidgeTNUSA Pacific northwest national Laboratory RichlandWashingtonUSA

Galvanic corrosion of AZ31B joined with bare or Zn-coated DP590 steel by ultrasonic spot welding or linear friction stir welding was quantitatively studied by pre-defining anode and cathode in the lap joint samples. Corrosion volume and depth from Mg anode surfaces exposed to 0.1 M sodium chloride solution was analyzed as functions of cathode surface type and welding method. Characterization of as-welded joints was performed to identify any microstructural feature of the bonding zone that could impact galvanic corrosion *** modeling with modified user subroutine was conducted to simulate the progression of Mg corrosion in the same joint and electrode configurations used for the corrosion experiments. The experimental results indicated that Zn-coated cathode surface can reduce Mg galvanic corrosion significantly as galvanic polarization and cathodic current on Zn-coated surface remained relatively low for Mg in the weld *** modeling described the growth of Mg galvanic corrosion in a reasonable manner but showed limitation by underestimating the corrosion volume as it did not capture self-corrosion.

关键词： Mg alloy Zn coating Ultrasonic spot welding Friction stir welding Galvanic corrosion

Converting TREx-RGB green-channel data to 557.7 nm auroral intensity:Methodology and initial results

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 258-274页

作者： Jun Liang D.M.Gillies E.Spanswick E.F.donovan University of Calgary CalgaryT2N 1N4Canada

The recently deployed Transition Region Explorer(TREx)-RGB(red-green-blue)all-sky imager(ASI)is designed to capture“true color”images of the aurora and *** the 557.7 nm green line is usually the brightest emission line in visible auroras,the green channel of a TREx-RGB camera is usually dominated by the 557.7 nm *** this rationale,the TREx mission does not include a specific 557.7 nm imager and is designed to use the RGB green-channel data as a proxy for the 557.7 nm *** this study,we present an initial effort to establish the conversion ratio or formula linking the RGB green-channel data to the absolute intensity of 557.7 nm auroras,which is crucial for quantitative uses of the RGB *** illustrate two approaches:(1)through a comparison with the collocated measurement of green-line auroras from the TREx spectrograph,and(2)through a comparison with the modeled green-line intensity according to realistic electron precipitation flux measurements from low-Earth-orbit satellites,with the aid of an auroral transport *** demonstrate the procedures and provide initial results for the TREx-RGB ASIs at the Rabbit Lake and Lucky Lake *** RGB response is found to be *** conversion ratios or formulas between RGB green-channel data and the green-line auroral intensity are given and can be applied immediately by TREx-RGB data *** methodology established in this study will also be applicable to the upcoming SMILE ASI mission,which will adopt a similar RGB camera system in its deployment.

关键词： TREx RGB green-line aurora auroral transport model

Characteristics and Preliminary Causes of Tropical Cyclone Remote Precipitation over China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 845-858页

作者： JIA Li REn Fumin MCBRIDE John.leonard COnG Chunhua School of Atmospheric Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China School of Earth Science University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Research and Development Division Bureau of MeteorologyMelbourne 3052Australia Shandong Meteorological Bureau Jinan 250031China

In this study,the characteristics and preliminary causes of tropical cyclone remote precipitation(TRP)over China during the period from 1979 to 2020 are *** indicated that approximately 72.42%of tropical cyclones(TCs)in the Western Pacific produce TRP over *** peak months for TRP are July and *** four key regions of TRP are the adjacent areas between the Sichuan and Shaanxi Provinces,the northern coast of the Bohai Sea,the coast of the Yellow Sea,and the southern coast *** typical distance between the station with TRP and the TC center ranges from 1500 to 2500 *** of these stations are situated north to 60°west of north of the *** south–west water vapor transportation on the west side of the TC is crucial to *** has a decreasing trend because of the decrease in the number of TCs that generate *** the perspective of large-scale environmental conditions,a decrease in the integrated horizontal water vapor transport in China' Mainland,the weakening of upward motion at approximately 25°–35°n,which is inconducive to convection,and an increase in low-level vertical wind shear,which is unfavorable for the development of TC in areas with high frequencies of TRP-related TCs,are the factors that result in the decreasing trend of TRP.

关键词： tropical cyclone remote precipitation characteristics causes

Transparency:The Missing Link to Boosting AI Transformations in Chemical Engineering

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 45-60页

作者： Yue Yuan donovan Chaffart Tao Wu Jesse Zhu ningbo Institute of Digital Twin Eastern Institute of TechnologyNingbo 315200China Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering The University of Western OntarioLondonON N6G 5B8Canada College of Engineering Eastern Institute of TechnologyNingbo 315200China China Beacons Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100China

The issue of opacity within data-driven artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms has become an impediment to these algorithms’extensive utilization,especially within sensitive domains concerning health,safety,and high profitability,such as chemical engineering(CE).In order to promote reliable AI utilization in CE,this review discusses the concept of transparency within AI utilizations,which is defined based on both explainable AI(XAI)concepts and key features from within the CE *** review also highlights the requirements of reliable AI from the aspects of causality(i.e.,the correlations between the predictions and inputs of an AI),explainability(i.e.,the operational rationales of the workflows),and informativeness(i.e.,the mechanistic insights of the investigating systems).Related techniques are evaluated together with state-of-the-art applications to highlight the significance of establishing reliable AI applications in ***,a comprehensive transparency analysis case study is provided as an example to enhance ***,this work provides a thorough discussion of this subject matter in a way that—for the first time—is particularly geared toward chemical engineers in order to raise awareness of responsible AI *** this vital missing link,AI is anticipated to serve as a novel and powerful tool that can tremendously aid chemical engineers in solving bottleneck challenges in CE.

关键词： Transparency Explainable AI Reliability Causality Explainability Informativeness Hybrid modeling Physics-informed

Flexible nanoimprint lithography enables high-throughput manufacturing of bioinspired microstructures on warped substrates for efficient III-nitride optoelectronic devices

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2080-2088页

作者： Siyuan Cui Ke Sun Zhefu Liao Qianxi Zhou leonard Jin Conglong Jin Jiahui Hu Kuo-Sheng Wen Sheng Liu Shengjun Zhou Center for Photonics and Semiconductors School of Power and Mechanical EngineeringWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China The Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of WaterlooWaterloo ONN2L 3G1Canada Jiangxi SMTC Semiconductor Co. Ltd.Nanchang 330096China

III-nitride materials are of great importance in the development of modern optoelectronics,but they have been limited over years by low light utilization rate and high dislocation densities in heteroepitaxial films grown on foreign substrate with limited refractive index contrast and large lattice ***,we demonstrate a paradigm of high-throughput manufacturing bioinspired microstructures on warped substrates by flexible nanoimprint lithography for promoting the light extraction *** design a flexible nanoimprinting mold of copolymer and a two-step etching process that enable high-efficiency fabrication of nanoimprinted compound-eye-like Al2O3 microstructure(nCAM)and nanoimprinted compound-eye-like SiO_(2)microstructure(nCSM)template,achieving a 6.4-fold increase in throughput and 25%savings in economic costs over stepper projection *** to nCAM template,we find that the nCSM template can not only improve the light extraction capability,but also modulate the morphology of Aln nucleation layer and reduce the formation of misoriented Gan grains on the inclined sidewall of microstructures,which suppresses the dislocations generated during coalescence,resulting in 40%reduction in dislocation *** study provides a low-cost,high-quality,and high-throughput solution for manufacturing microstructures on warped surfaces of III-nitride optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Flexible nanoimprint lithography Bioinspired Micro-and nano-manufacturing III-nitride epitaxy Optoelectronic devices

Some non-trivial Kazhdan-Lusztig coefficients of an affine Weyl group of type _n

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Science China Mathematics 2010年第8期53卷 1919-1930页

作者： SCOTT leonard Department of Mathematics University of Virginia

In this paper we show that the leading coeficient μ(y,w) of some Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials Py,w with y,w in an affine Weyl group of type n is n + *** fact has some consequences on the dimension of first extension... 详细信息

关键词： Kazhdan-Lusztig coeficient Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomial first extension group

Multi-omic Analyses Shed Light on The Genetic Control of High-altitude Adaptation in Sheep

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第2期22卷 43-56页

作者： Chao Li Bingchun Chen Suo Langda Peng Pu Xiaojia Zhu Shiwei Zhou Peter Kalds Ke Zhang Meenu Bhati Alexander leonard Shuhong Huang Ran Li Awang Cuoji Xiran Wang Haolin Zhu Yujiang Wu Renqin Cuomu Ba Gui Ming Li Yutao Wang Yan Li Wenwen Fang Ting Jia Tianchun Pu Xiangyu Pan Yudong Cai Chong He Liming Wang Yu Jiang Jian-Lin Han Yulin Chen Ping Zhou Hubert Pausch Xiaolong Wang International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Animal Genomics ETH ZürichZürich 8092Switzerland Institute of Animal Science Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry SciencesLhasa 850009China School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China College of Life Sciences Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China Zoology and Evolutionary Biology Department of BiologyUniversity of Konstanz78457 KonstanzGermany College of Life and Geographic Sciences Kashi UniversityKashi 844000China Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife Technologies Beijing ZooBeijing 100044China Department of Medical Research Guangdong Provincial People’s HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent ServiceCollege of Information EngineeringNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation SciencesShihezi 832000China State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation SciencesShihezi 832000China CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Livestock Genetics Program International Livestock Research InstituteNairobi 00100Kenya

Sheep were domesticated in the Fertile Crescent and then spread globally,where they have been encountering various environmental *** Tibetan sheep has adapted to high altitudes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau over the past 3000 *** explore genomic variants associated with high-altitude adaptation in Tibetan sheep,we analyzed Illumina short-reads of 994 whole genomes representing∼60 sheep breeds/populations at varied altitudes,PacBio High fidelity(HiFi)reads of 13 breeds,and 96 transcriptomes from 12 sheep *** testing between the inhabited altitudes and 34,298,967 variants was conducted to investigate the genetic architecture of altitude *** accurate HiFi reads were used to complement the current ovine reference assembly at the most significantly associatedβ-globin locus and to validate the presence of two haplotypes A and B among 13 sheep *** haplotype A carried two homologous gene clusters:(1)HBE1,HBE2,HBB-like,and HBBC,and(2)HBE1-like,HBE2-like,HBB-like,and HBB;while the haplotype B lacked the first *** high-altitude sheep showed highly frequent or nearly fixed haplotype A,while the low-altitude sheep dominated by haplotype *** further demonstrated that sheep with haplotype A had an increased hemoglobin–O2 affinity compared with those carrying haplotype *** highly associated genomic region contained the EGLn1 gene which showed varied expression between high-altitude and low-altitude *** results provide evidence that the rapid adaptive evolution of advantageous alleles play an important role in facilitating the environmental adaptation of Tibetan sheep.

关键词： Environmental adaptation High altitude Hypoxia Selection signature Sheep

Seasonal variations in nutritive and botanical composition properties of multispecies grazing swards over an entire dairy grazing season

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Grassland Research 2022年第4期1卷 221-233页

作者： Ciarán Hearn Michael Egan Mary Bridget Lynch Christina Fleming Michael O'donovan Teagasc Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre MooreparkCorkIreland School of Agriculture and Food Science University College DublinDublinIreland Contribution:Formal analysis InvestigationMethodologyVisualizationWriting-original draftWriting-review&editing

Background Recently,there has been increasing interest in the use of multispecies(MS)swards in dairy grazing *** A plot grazing study was established to investigate the potential contribution of different sward species(perennial ryegrass,legumes and herbs)sown in grazing *** sward mixtures were sown,ranging in complexity from a perennial ryegrass(PRG)monoculture to binary mixtures including either forage legumes or herbs to a five-species mixture;four different nitrogen(n)application rates of 0,100,150 and 200 kg n ha−1 were applied to each *** Species abundance for all sward species components was associated with the interaction of time point and sward mixture;species abundance for all sward components,except PRG,was associated with the interaction of n application and sward *** interactions of time point and sward mixture,and time point and n application rate,were associated with all analysed sward chemical components,except for sward *** Increased n application rates reduced the level of clover in all sward *** levels of white clover led to increased sward crude protein levels;the inclusion of ribwort plantain led to some seasonal variation in the nutritive value of swards.

关键词： botanical composition chemical composition dairy production grazing multispecies swards

Susceptibility of field populations of sugarcane borer from non-Bt and Bt maize plants to five individual Cry toxins

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Insect Science 2012年第5期19卷 570-578页

作者： Fangneng Huang Mukti n. Ghimire B. Rogers leonard Yu-Cheng Zhu Graham P. Head Department of Entomology Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge Macon Ridge Research Station Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Winnsboro Louisiana Jamie Whitten Delta States Research Center USDA-ARS Stoneville Mississippi Monsanto Company St. Louis Missouri USA

Sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis （E）, is a major target of transgenic maize expressing Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt） proteins in South America and the US mid- south region. Resistance development in target pest populations is a major threat to the sustainable use of Bt crops. In our field trials in 2009, a significant number of live borers and plant injury fi＇om D. saccharalis were observed in an experimental SmartStaxTM maize line. The objective of this study was to assess the relative susceptibility of two field popula- tions ofD. saccharalis collected from non-Bt and Bt maize plants containing SmartStaxTM traits to five individual Cry proteins. The five Bt proteins included two proteins （Cry 1A. 105 and Cry2Ab2） that were expressed in SmartStaxTM maize plants and three other common Bt proteins （Cry 1Aa, Cry 1Ab and Cry l Ac） that were not produced in SmartStaxTM. Larval mortality and growth inhibition on Bt diet of the fourth generation after field collections were evaluated 7 days after release of neonates on the diet surface. The laboratory bioassays showed that 50% lethal concentration （LCs0） values for CrylA. 105 and Cry2Ab2 for the population originated from Bt plants were 3.55- and 1.34-fold greater, respectively, than those of the population collected from non-Bt plants. In contrast, relative to the popula- tion from non-Bt plants, the LCs0 of the population sampled from Bt plants were 3.85-, 2.5- and 1.64-fold more sensitive to CrylAa, CrylAb and CrylAc, respectively. The re- sults did not provide clear evidence to conclude that the observed field survival of D. saccharalis on Bt plants was associated with increased levels of resistance.

关键词： Bacillus thuringiensis maize stalk borer susceptibility transgenic crops