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人不是物:社会认知的稽古维新

心理学报 2025年第1期57卷 173-189页

作者：董达陈巍绍兴文理学院心理学系大脑、心智与教育研究中心浙江绍兴312000 中国人民大学哲学与认知科学交叉平台北京100080

当代社会认知的理论版图可分为经典概念工具箱与正在与之对抗的新概念工具两部分。经考证,理论论和模拟论等经典概念工具集中诞生于1980年代的美国认知科学界,可以被视为1956认知革命蔓延至社会心理学领域的产物,而新概念工具可以被视... 详细信息

当代社会认知的理论版图可分为经典概念工具箱与正在与之对抗的新概念工具两部分。经考证,理论论和模拟论等经典概念工具集中诞生于1980年代的美国认知科学界,可以被视为1956认知革命蔓延至社会心理学领域的产物,而新概念工具可以被视为与第二代认知革命相适合的替代理论。历史上,社会心理学接受了认知主义的“物”的抽象认知原理,也全盘接受了它带来的理论负荷,即对“人”的感知被还原为对“物”的感知,并且隶属于后者。然而,基于“物”的抽象认知原理始终无法与社会认知的以“人”为本的实践经验相结合,也未能实现该领域的自治。事实上,这一理论困难并非一直存在于“社会认知”的历史路径中,至少在以Heider为标志性人物的1950年代早期社会认知中便不是这样。Heider“人不是物”理论体系在个体层面上包括知觉实在论、事件归因和生命性−非生命性范畴区分三个部分,但是第三个理论部件彼时囿于作者主题侧重、证据不足、技术匮乏等多种原因未能完成。结合当代来自演化和比较的、行为和发展的以及神经通路假设的新证据,通过重新发掘并最终完整构建了“人不是物”论题,尝试为当代社会认知理论困难提供一个建设性意见。

关键词：社会认知人的感知认知革命生命性主体间性

Insight into the particle shape on the impact of dry granular flow against a rigid barrier: A DEM study

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年

作者： Rui-Xiao Zhan dong Su Xiang-Sheng Chen Yuan-Jun Jiang Guo-Ping Lei Jing-Jing Yu Key Laboratory for Resilient Infrastructures of Coastal Cities (MOE)， Shenzhen University College of Civil and Transportation Engineering， Shenzhen University School of Architecture and Urban Planning， Shenzhen University Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Green， Efficient and Intelligent Construction of Underground Metro Station， Shenzhen University Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment， Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Transportation， Civil Engineering & Architecture， Foshan University

The effect of particle shape on the impact of dry granular flow remains an open area for further investigation. Five distinct particle shapes were examined in this study using discrete element simulations after calibrating the numerical model using a published work. The findings indicated that the particle shape had a significant influence on granular mobility. With negligible variations in normalized kinetic energy between particles of different shapes， the effect of particle shape on the increasing rate of kinetic energy became more obvious. All irregular particle scenarios had longer accumulated particle lengths down the channel than spherical particles. Variations in particle shape led to adjustments in the distribution of impact forces on the barrier. These findings substantially enhance our understanding of the distinctive effects of particle shapes on the impact mechanism of dry granular flow.

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Effect of pouring time on microstructure and mechanical properties of centrifugal cast Ti-46Al alloy tubes

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China Foundry 2025年

作者： Gang Huang Qian Dang Cong-cong Su Jing Zhao Chi Zhang Guo-huai Liu Zhao-dong Wang The State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern University School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang University of Technology

The grain size of TiAl alloy castings prepared by traditional casting process is coarse, thus showing poor mechanical properties. In this study, a new type of high performance Ti-46Al alloy tube prepared by vacuum centrifugal casting technology was introduced. This research comprehensively examined the influence of pouring time on the microstructure and mechanical performance of the castings, employing both experimental approaches and ProCast simulation methodologies. The findings indicate that prolonging the pouring time facilitates a microstructural evolution from coarse columnar grains to refined equiaxed grains. Under the condition of pouring temperature of 1,600 °C, rotation speed of 800 r·min-1and pouring time of 6 s, the tensile strength of Ti-46Al alloy at room temperature reaches 650 MPa, and the tensile strength at 800 °C reaches 705 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of traditional as-cast Ti-Al alloy.

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Molecular cloning of differentially expressed novel rice genes induced by Magnaporthe grisea

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第20期42卷 1748-1750页

作者： He, ZH dong, HT Cheng, sj Wu, YL dong, JX Li, DB Zhejiang Agr Univ Inst Biotechnol Hangzhou 310029 Peoples R China

WE have applied the differential display (D. D.) of mRNA method to detect and clone tran-scripts that were differentially expressed between rice NILs (Near-isogenic lines) H7R (resis-tant) and H7S (susceptible) which were induced by Magnaporthe grisea. The cDNA gene-tags obtained from D. D. analysis were reamplified by PCR and screened by Southern

关键词： rice Magnaporthe grisea molecular cloning.

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Research on Resilience Assessment and Improvement Methods of New Energy Bases Under Strong Sandstorm

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Dianwang Jishu/Power System Technology 2025年第1期49卷 124-135页

作者： Wang, Jinyan Ding, Kun Sun, Yalu Wang, Xiang dong, Haiying College of New Energy and Power Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University Gansu Province Lanzhou 730070 China State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company Gansu Province Lanzhou 730000 China Tsinghua Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute Sichuan Province Chengdu 610213 China

The natural endowments of wind and solar resources in the desert and Gobi Desert areas of our country, as well as the reverse distribution of energy and load, make it of great significance to develop large-scale new energy bases and large-scale transmission of AC/DC hybrid power grids in the desert and Gobi Desert areas. The frequent occurrence of extreme sandstorms in the desert and Gobi Desert areas has seriously affected the centralized development and long-distance safe and stable transmission of new energy power generation bases. This article first quantifies the impact of two disaster-causing factors of sandstorms on new energy bases, establishes a mathematical model that reflects the relationship between sandstorms and new energy output, strong winds, and line failure rates, uses Monte Carlo sampling combined with system information entropy to select typical fault scenarios and construct a recovery model, obtains the system elasticity curve based on operating conditions, considers the entire process of system disaster, and adopts the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method Establish elasticity evaluation indicators;Secondly, a flexible improvement method is proposed from a planning perspective, to minimize the equivalent annual investment cost of the line and energy storage and the system's loss of load cost. A joint planning model for line expansion and energy storage configuration for flexible improvement is established, which is transformed into a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem, and the expansion plan of the new energy baseline and the optimal configuration of energy storage are solved. Finally, taking the improved IEEE36 node system as an example for simulation analysis, the elasticity indicators before and after adopting improvement measures are compared to verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed elasticity evaluation and improvement methods. © 2025 Power System Technology Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Charge storage

CMU的科学哲学与珀尔的因果理论——科学哲学如何影响人工智能?

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自然辩证法通讯 2025年第1期47卷 28-35页

作者：董焕防清华大学科学史系

科学哲学之于科学的价值一直存在着争议。本文通过研究CMU的科学哲学对于朱迪·珀尔的因果理论的贡献来讨论科学哲学对于人工智能的影响。珀尔的因果理论是人工智能的最重要理论之一。CMU科学哲学研究成果“将‘干预’表示为图结构上的... 详细信息

科学哲学之于科学的价值一直存在着争议。本文通过研究CMU的科学哲学对于朱迪·珀尔的因果理论的贡献来讨论科学哲学对于人工智能的影响。珀尔的因果理论是人工智能的最重要理论之一。CMU科学哲学研究成果“将‘干预’表示为图结构上的变化”对珀尔建立其因果理论起到了非常关键的作用。由此可见，科学哲学对于人工智能具有重要影响。我们还尝试分析了CMU科学哲学研究对珀尔构建因果理论之所以能产生贡献的原因，以及科学哲学可以影响人工智能的原因。

关键词：朱迪·珀尔因果理论贝叶斯网络因果模型干预

对数动态骨架本构模型的多维实现及其在ABAQUS中的应用

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岩土工程学报 2025年第1期47卷 192-199页

作者：董青陈苏李小军董云陈亚东周正华朱俊淮阴工学院建筑工程学院江苏淮安223003 北京工业大学城建学部北京100124 南京工业大学交通运输工程学院江苏南京210009

对数动态骨架本构以对数函数作为骨架曲线,引入“修正动骨架曲线”和“阻尼比退化系数”的概念,考虑试验阻尼对滞回曲线的影响,实现试验阻尼和滞回阻尼在数学上自洽的非线性动力本构。该本构只适用于一维土层场地时域非线性地震反应分... 详细信息

对数动态骨架本构以对数函数作为骨架曲线,引入“修正动骨架曲线”和“阻尼比退化系数”的概念,考虑试验阻尼对滞回曲线的影响,实现试验阻尼和滞回阻尼在数学上自洽的非线性动力本构。该本构只适用于一维土层场地时域非线性地震反应分析。基于对数动态骨架本构函数关系式,给出对数动态骨架参数的求解方法,并推导出加卸载曲线的时变切线剪切模量。通过ABAQUS软件的操作平台和等效剪应变算法,开发了基于对数动态骨架本构模型的显式子程序模块,该模型适用于二维和三维土层场地非线性地震反应分析。选取含软弱淤泥质土层场地作为计算模型,将从基岩输入不同加速度峰值的EI centro地震动的数值模拟结果进行对比,验证可考虑土体阻尼效应的对数动态骨架本构以及开发子程序的合理性和可用性。

关键词：对数动骨架本构阻尼比场地地震反应时变切线剪切模量

TRMT6 and TRMT61A facilitated acute pancreatitis severity via regulation of neutrophil function

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Yuan dong Li Su Sin Man Lam Cen Yan Yalan Deng Guotao Lu Jinkui Yang Guanghou Shui Yingmei Feng Beijing Institute of Hepatology Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical University Department of Science and Development Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical University Laboratory for Clinical Medicine Capital Medical University Neuroscience Research Institute Peking University Center of Medical and Health AnalysisPeking University State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Pancreatic Center Department of GastroenterologyAffiliated Hospital of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou University Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care Department of EndocrinologyBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical University

Dear Editor,Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been identified as a risk factor for increased severity in acute pancreatitis (AP)(Mikóet al,2018).However,to date,no studies have simultaneously included healthy individuals,T2DM patients,and AP patients to investigate which diabetes-associated metabolites are linked to AP severity.

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Temperature-insensitive micro-displacement sensor with spindle-shaped structure single mode fiber

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： ZHANG Weihua MU Jinlin WANG Hao WANG dong YU Haozheng TAO Yipeng Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices and Communication Technology，Ministry of Education， Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices， School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering， Tianjin University of Technology Engineering Infrastructure Department，Autonomous Driving Department Xiaomi EV Company Ltd

A temperature-insensitive micro-displacement sensor based on a spindle-shaped single mode fiber (SMF) is presented and demonstrated. The SMF is bent into a balloon-shaped SMF and burned into a spindle-shaped SMF by a flame. Due to the bending of the fiber， part of the incident light leaks from the fiber core into the fiber cladding， which excites higher order cladding modes. Therefore， modal interference occurs. The experimental results show that the maximum sensitivity of the sensors is -203 pm/μm when micro-displacement varies from 0 to 80 μm. The sensors are insensitive to temperature in the range of 20-70℃. In addition， the sensors have the advantages of simple structure， low cost， small volume， high sensitivity and stability， which can be widely used in numerous high-precision industrial measurements and civil engineering structure monitoring fields.

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