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中国铁路 2000年第4期 50-51页

作者： Jean-Claude raoul 阿尔斯通公司运输部

介绍了法国阿尔斯通公司运输部在产品研究与开发方面的组织形式、作法、成果及奖励措施。该公司的专项技术中心设在相关的工厂内。

关键词：研究法国铁路运输产品开发

Factors Associated with Maternal Mortality at Gynecology and Obstetrics Department in Departmental University Hospital Center of Borgou

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第8期11卷 1026-1036页

作者： Salifou Badariatou Atadé Sèdjro raoul Sidi Imorou Rachidi Obossou Achille Awede Sounouvi Ernest Salifou Kabibou Mother and Child Department Faculty of Medicine (FM) University of Parakou (UP) Parakou Benin

Introduction: Maternal mortality is a robust indicator of human development. Most of it occurs in developing countries. Objectives: This study aims to determine the factors associated with maternal mortality in Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of Borgou Departmental University Hospital Center (CHUD-B). Study method: Our study took place at Gynecology and Obstetrics Department in Borgou Departmental University Hospital Center. This was a descriptive and analytical case-control study, covering a period of 7 years from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2018. Results: Two hundred and twelve patients have been recruited consisting of 106 deceased women and 106 controls. The intra-hospital mortality ratio was 1100 deaths per 100,000 live births (LB). The mean age of deceased women was 27.06 ±

关键词： Maternal Mortality Ratio Direct Obstetric Causes Indirect Obstetric Causes Factors Associated

Abnormalities of Serum Protein Fractions in Hemodialysis Patients with Chronic Renal Failure at Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2022年第6期12卷 196-206页

作者： Arnaud Kouraogo Fabienne Soudre Alice Kiba raoul Karfo Ollo Da Emmanuel Zongo Elie Kabre Jean Sakande Biochemistry Laboratory of Souro Sanou Teaching Hospital Nazi Boni University Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: The main objective of this study was to investigate abnormalities of serum protein fractions in hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 48 hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) recruited at the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital (YO-TH), and 48 controls declared fit to donate blood by the Regional Blood Transfusion Center (RBTC) of Ouagadougou. Urea, creatinine, uric acid, and serum proteins were measured on the ARCHITECT C4000 equipment (ABOTT®), while the separating of the different protein fractions was performed on the Helena SAS 3 & 4 automated system. Results: A total of 96 individuals were included in the study. Protein levels were on average higher in controls (75.19 ± 6.56 g/L) than in hemodialysis patients (71.44 ± 12.33 g/L). Low blood albumin was significantly associated with the CRF hemodialysis groups compared to controls (p Conclusion: Serum protein electrophoresis is rapidly feasible and low cost. In hemodialysis CKD patients, it can be used to guide therapeutic management and predict morbidity and mortality related to variations in the various protein fractions.

关键词： Protein Fractions Albumin Globulin Hemodialysis

“Six-and-twelve” score for outcome prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma following transarterial chemoembolization. In-depth analysis from a multicenter French cohort

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第8期12卷 525-532页

作者： Xavier Adhoute Guillaume Pénaranda Jean-Luc raoul Jean-Pierre Bronowicki Rodolphe Anty MarcBourlière Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hôpital Saint-JosephMarseille 13008France AlphaBio Laboratory Marseille 13003France Department of Medical Oncology Institut de Cancérologie de l'OuestNantes 44805France Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire deNancy 54511France Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hôpital Universitaire de l’ArchetNice 06200France

The“six-and-twelve”(6&12)score is a new hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)prognostic index designed for recommended transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)*** and easy to use by the sum of tumor size(cm)and number,this model identifies three groups with different survival time(the sum is≤6;or>6 but≤12;or>12);a survival benefit with TACE can be expected for HCC patients with a score not exceeding ***,Wang ZW et al showed that the“6&12”model was the best system correlated with radiological response after the first ***,we wanted to assess its survival prediction ability as well as its prognostic value and compared it to other systems(Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer,Hong Kong Liver Cancer(HKLC)staging,Albumin-Bilirubin grade,tumor nodularity,infiltrative nature of the tumor,alpha-fetoprotein,Child-Pugh class,and Performance Status score,Cancer of the Liver Italian Program,Model to Estimate Survival for HCC scores,up-to-seven criteria)different from Wang ZW et al study in a multicenter French cohort of HCC including only recommended TACE candidates retrospectively *** previously demonstrated,we show that the"6&12”score can classify survival within this French cohort,with a prognostic value comparable to that of other systems,except HKLC *** importantly,the“6&12”score simplicity and ability in patients’stratification outperform other systems for a routine clinical practice.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Transarterial chemoembolization “Six-and-twelve”score Prognosis Albumin-Bilirubin grade Tumor nodularity,infiltrative nature of the tumor,alpha-fetoprotein,Child-Pugh class,and performance status score

Novel in vivo Evaluation of the Moisturizing Effect of A Lotion by Using Raman Microspectroscopy

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China Detergent & Cosmetics 2019年第2期4卷 47-51页

作者： Wang Zheng Liu Jianning Guo Yiguang Qiao Xiaoling raoul Vyumvuhore Laurie Verzeaux Brigitte Closs Shanghai Jahwa United Co.Ltd. SILAB R&D DepartmentBrive la Gaillarde

Skin moisturization can be measured in vivo by Corneometer?, giving information about the hydration level of the skin. However, this approach cannot reveal the inner changes of lipid organization involved in the integrity of the skin barrier. Raman microspectroscopy is an in vivo and non-invasive method that assesses the lateral organization of lipids from the stratum corneum by measuring the νasymCH2/νsymCH2 ratio. In the present study, the aim is to evaluate the moisturizing effect of two skin care products (i.e. LOTION 1: GF deep-nourishing & skin-sturdy facial emulsion;LOTION 2: placebo formula) by using the Corneometer? and Raman microspectroscopy. Results demonstrates a significant improvement of lipids organization and thus a reinforcement of the barrier function associated with an increase of the hydration level with LOTION 1 compared to LOTION 2.

关键词： skin barrier Raman microspectroscopy lipid organization moisturization

Impact of overgrazing on the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis in Tibetan pastoral communities of Sichuan Province,China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第3期120卷 237-242页

作者： WANG Qian XIAO Yong-fu Dominique A Vuitton Peter M Schantz Francis raoul Christine Budke Maiza Campos-Ponce Philip S Craig Patrick Giraudoux Sichuan Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Chengdu610041 China WHO Collaborating Centre for the Prevention and Treatment ofAlveolar Echinococcosis SERF and LBE Usc INRA ResearchUnits University of Franche-Comte 25030-Besancon France Institute of Parasitology University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse266a CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences Free University AmsterdamNetherlands Cestode Zoonoses Research Group Bioscience Research Instituteand School of Environment and Life Sciences University ofSalford Salford MS4WT United Kingdom

Background Overgrazing was assumed to increase the population density of small mammals that are the intermediate hosts of Echinococcus multilocularis, the pathogen of alveolar echinococcosis in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. This research tested the hypothesis that overgrazing might promote Echinococcus multilocularis transmission through increasing populations of small mammal, intermediate hosts in Tibetan pastoral communities. Methods Grazing practices, small mammal indices and dog Echinococcus multilocularis infection data were collected to analyze the relation between overgrazing and Echinococcus multilocularis transmission using nonparametric tests and multiple stepwise logistic regression. Results In the investigated area, raising livestock was a key industry. The communal pastures existed and the available forage was deficient for grazing. Open （common） pastures were overgrazed and had higher burrow density of small mammals compared with neighboring fenced （private） pastures; this high overgrazing pressure on the open pastures measured by neighboring fenced area led to higher burrow density of small mammals in open pastures. The median burrow density of small mammals in open pastures was independently associated with nearby canine Echinococcus multilocularis infection （P=-0.003, OR=1.048）. Conclusion Overgrazing may promote the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis through increasing the population density of small mammals.

关键词： echinococcosis, hepatic Echinococcus multilocularis overgrazing Tibetan pastoral communities

Impacts of Agricultural Activities on Land Degradation along the Bomboré River in Burkina Faso

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第2期14卷 176-195页

作者： Joseph Nomwindé Kabore Elie Serge Gaëtan Sauret Wennegouda Jean Pierre Sandwidi raoul Christian Ouedraogo Brahima Sorgho Senghor Campus Senghor University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso General Office of Plants Productions Ministry of Agriculture Animal and Fishery Resources Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Center for Scientific and Technological Research/National Institute for the Environment and Agricultural Research Farak&#244ba Research Station Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Higher School of Engineering University of Fada N’Gourma Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Alliance for the Green Revolution Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Molecular Chemistry and Materials Laboratory Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Land along the Bomboré River in the rural commune of Mogtédo in Burkina Faso is experiencing degradation. The explanatory causes of this degradation constitute the subject of this study. To do this, a survey was conducted among agricultural producers deployed along the watercourse. Soil profiles were described and samples were taken to analyze pH, soil organic carbon, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and texture. The RUSLE model approach based on landstat8 OLI/TIRS and SRTM satellite images dated December 17, 2021 with fairly good radiometric, spatial, and spectral resolution was used to calculate the land loss rate. In terms of results, the potentially irrigable areas that spread out on both sides of the banks of the river cover 209.23 ha with a perimeter of 6.16 km. The number of irrigators is 26 producers and they grow 17.92 ha of vegetables. Soil analyzes indicate the presence of a moderate acid on the vertisol with a pH between 5.57 and 5.86. On the depth 0 - 30 cm of the horizon, the color of the horizons ranges from 5YR4/2 on the talweg and on the right bank to 7.5YR3/2 on the left bank and presents no risk of salinity because the electrical conductivity measured is less than 1dS/cm. The diagnosis of hydromechanical equipment shows that producers use 46 motor pumps for irrigation, of which 15 motor pumps run on gasoline and 31 motor pumps on butane gas with a ratio of 1.7 motor pumps per producer. The number of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) pipes used by producers in combination with a motor pump gives an average of 44 per farmer. In terms of mineral fertilization, the gross doses used by producers are 415.53 kg/ha of NPK and 201.55 kg/ha of urea, while the quantities of phytosanitary products are 3.99 l/ha of pesticides and 1.42 l/ha of herbicides. Agricultural activities emit about 222,436.66 kgCO2eq into the atmosphere, whose emissions from motor pumps represent 84.52% of these total emissions. The land loss estimate gives an average rate of 2.30

关键词： Agricultural Irrigation Land Degradation RUSLE Model Erosion Rate Environment

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用于敞开式变电站的特高压开关设备

华东电力 2007年第C期35卷 104-113页

作者： Francois Biquez Denis Chatrefou Jean-Marie Delcoustal Ferruccio Dianin Christian Lindner raoul Piccoli AREVA T&D France

作为1100kV的UHV（特高压）输电，面临技术——生态环境的巨大挑战。变电站的UHV开关装置模块，需要的是可靠、成本／效益比好、环境友好、可维护的方案。对于这些所需的参数以及技术规范的验证，采用AIS（空气隔离变电所）技术能完全... 详细信息

作为1100kV的UHV（特高压）输电，面临技术——生态环境的巨大挑战。变电站的UHV开关装置模块，需要的是可靠、成本／效益比好、环境友好、可维护的方案。对于这些所需的参数以及技术规范的验证，采用AIS（空气隔离变电所）技术能完全满足这些需要。介绍由瓷柱式断路器、隔离开关和NCIT（非传统互感器）所组成的UHV模块。这些装置是根据模块原理预先设计好的，其中的设备间的连接肯定允许快速安装。在变电站设备控制和检测方面，模块是预制标准化。加拿大和德国的试验站对断路器、隔离开关等独立的开关元件，在1100kV上做BIL、SIL和工频等绝缘试验，性能表现非常优越。因为对于特高压电压等级，IEC标准至今尚未规定，所以将根据外推法和现场数据作合理解释。瓷柱式断路器采用了最新复合绝缘体技术，在安全方面有所改进。AIS方案其他的关键技术，例如环境保护和成本，在可比的功能间，根据市场估计价值，与GIS解决方法作了比较。

关键词：特高压敞开式变电站开关设备

The role of 3-dimensional ultrasound for the diagnosis of congenital uterine anomalies

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011年第4期1卷 239-242页

作者： Efraim Zohav Yaakov Melcer Ilan Tur-Kaspa Jacob Rabinson Eyal Y. Anteby raoul Orvieto 不详

Objectives: To demonstrate the value of 3-dimensional (3-D) ultrasound (US) in the diagnosis of congenital uterine anomalies. Methods: Fifty one infertile patients referred to our US unit during 12 years period, with suspected diagnosis of congenital uterine anomalies by previous HSG or 2D US examinations, were evaluated by transvaginal 3-D US. The 3-D US diagnoses were compared to the initial HSG diagnosis, and to hysteroscopic evaluation when performed. Results: 3-D scan confirmed the initial HSG diagnosis in 27 out of 51 (52.9%) women. The concordancy rates between the initial diagnosis by HSG and 3-D US results were 30.4% for bicornuate uterus;75% for arcuate uterus;83% for septate uterus;and 80% for unicornuate uterus. Of the 13 cases with normal HSG and suspicious 2-D US, 30.8% were found to be normal by 3D sonography. In cases where hysteroscopy was done, the results were 100% in concordance with the 3-D US evaluations. Conclusions: 3-D US is an accurate test for the assessment of uterine congenital anomalies. Its ability to concomitantly visualized, the external uterine contour with the uterine cavity on the same coronal plan, makes this noninvasive, easy to perform test the procedure of choice for the diagnosis of uterine anomalies.

关键词： Mullerian Anomalies 3-Dimensional (3-D) Ultrasonography Hysterosalpingography Hysteroscopy

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高速列车如何奔驰

科学（中文版） 1998年第1期 38-43页

作者： raoul.,J 王世德 C