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Resolving the age-related decline in central nervous system myelin turnover and drug discovery for oligodendroglial rejuvenation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2677-2678页

作者： Andrea domenico Rivera Arthur Morgan Butt Kasum Azim Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences School of Pharmacy and Biomedical ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK Section of Human Anatomy Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly Department of Neurology Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine-UniversityDüsseldorfGermany

Myel i n genes are amongst the most dysregulated genes in the aged brain:Just over half of the weight of an entire adult human brain is attributed to myelin,which wraps around neuronal axons and is essential for superfast axonal conduction and neuronal *** the central nervous system,it is the function of specialized cells called oligodendrocytes(OLs)to make myelin,which is made up of lipids and *** are generated throughout life by a significant population of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells(OPCs)that are responsible for the lifelong generation of OLs and myelin,essential for learning,as well as repair following pathological insults(*** demyelinating diseases that include multiple sclerosis)(Simons and Nave,2015;Philips and Rothstein,2017).Changes in myelin content in the human brain over the lifespan of individuals have been well documented,as well as evidence of myelin loss in rodent models using classical histological approaches(Bartzokis et al.,2012;Soreq et al.,2017).

关键词： myelin system specialized

Evaluating Group Formation in Virtual Communities

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第4期7卷 1003-1015页

作者： Giancarlo Fortino Antonio Liotta Fabrizio Messina domenico Rosaci Giuseppe MLSarnè the DIMES Department of the University of Calabria Rende 87036Italy the School of Computing Edinburgh Napier UniversityEdinburgh EH105DTU.K. the Department of Mathematics and Informatics University of CataniaCatania 95125Italy the DIIES Department University of Reggio CalabriaLoc.Feo di Vito89122 Reggio Cal.Italy the Department DICEAM University Mediterranea of Reggio CalabriaLoc.Feo di Vito89122 Reggio Cal.Italy

In this paper, we are interested in answering the following research question: "Is it possible to form effective groups in virtual communities by exploiting trust information without significant overhead, similarly to real user communities?"In order to answer this question, instead of adopting the largely used approach of exploiting the opinions provided by all the users of the community(called global reputation), we propose to use a particular form of reputation, called local reputation. We also propose an algorithm for group formation able to implement the proposed procedure to form effective groups in virtual communities. Another interesting question is how to measure the effectiveness of groups in virtual communities. To this aim we introduce the index in a measure of the effectiveness of the group formation. We tested our algorithm by realizing some experimental trials on real data from the real world EPINIONS and CIAO communities, showing the significant advantages of our procedure w.r.t. another prominent approach based on traditional global reputation.

关键词： Group formation helpfulness online social communities reputation trust

Cardioprotective effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in heart failure: Myth or truth?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 818-822页

作者： Lorenzo Nesti domenico Trico Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of PisaPisa 56126Italy Laboratory of Metabolism Nutritionand AtherosclerosisUniversity of PisaPisa 56126Italy

Therapy with glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP1)receptor agonists has raised great interest for its beneficial cardiovascular effects in preventing atherosclerosis and heart failure-related ***,while evidence about atherosclerosis consistently suggests a cardioprotective potential with class effect,controversies remain on its impact on heart ***1 receptor agonists appear to prevent hospitalization for new-onset heart failure and reduce symptoms in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(as demonstrated by the recent STEP-HFpEF Trial).Still,GLP1 agonism has resulted in neutral or even harmful effects in patients with established heart failure with reduced ejection fraction(the LIVE trial).GLP1 receptor agonists benefit the cardiovascular system indirectly through their marked metabolic effects(improved weight management,glycemic control,blood pressure,systemic and tissue inflammation),while direct effects on the heart have been ***,weight loss alone achieved through GLP1 receptor agonists has failed in improving left ventricular *** is a dual agonist of GLP1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide,representing an innovative treatment option in diabetes with a major impact on weight loss and promising cardiovascular *** this class of therapies is going to change the history of heart failure is an ongoing debate.

关键词： Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular system Glucagon-like peptide-1 Heart failure Tirzepatide Type 2 diabetes Ventricular function Left

Next generation drug connectivity mapping for acquiring therapeutic agents to differentially regulate myelination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 797-798页

作者： Kasum Azim Andrea domenico Rivera Arthur Morgan Butt Department of Neurology Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine-UniversityDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences School of Pharmacy and Biomedical ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthSt Michael’s BuildingWhite Swan RoadPortsmouthUK Section of Human Anatomy Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly

The need for new therapeutic approaches:Conventional drug discovery is a lengthy and expensive process,taking decades and billions of dollars to get a drug from bench to *** of the costs incurred are at the pre-clinical stages,between drug design and synthesis to delineating the cellular“Mechanisms of Action”(MoA).Notably,there is a very high risk of failure,and only a very small proportion of therapeutic agents reach later-phase clinical ***,drug repositioning has become a valuable strategy aimed at fast-tracking treatments into clinical use and improving the chances of therapeutic success.A novel addition to this approach is connectivity mapping,which defines cell-specific transcriptional responses to small molecules in disease-dependent *** commentary outlines how some of the latest innovations in connectivity mapping can be exploited for drug repurposing.

关键词： connectivity dollar therapeutic

Role of ^(18)F-FDG PET/CT in detection of hematogenous metastases of advanced differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2021年第1期7卷 213-225页

作者： Natale Quartuccio domenico Rubello Nuclear Medicine Unit A.R.N.A.S.CivicoDi Cristina and Benfratelli HospitalsPalermo 90144Italy Nuclear Medicine Unit Santa Maria della Misericordia HospitalRovigo 45100Italy.

The aim of this study was to collect the evidence on the performance of 2-deoxy-2-[^(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose(^(18)F-FDG)Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography(PET/CT)in terms of detection rate(DR)and diagnostic accuracy in identifying hematogenous metastases in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and compare its performance with that of other imaging techniques.A comprehensive PubMed/MEDLINE database research was carried out to retrieve studies documenting the performance of^(18)F-FDG PET/CT in depicting hematogenous metastases in patients with differentiated thyroid *** analysis was performed on a per-patient and per-lesion *** literature search yielded 15 articles to be included in the systematic review.^(18)F-FDG PET/CT showed a pooled DR of 85.08%on a per-patient analysis and 89.70%on a per-lesion *** bone lesions,a high DR(81.78%)was found for^(18)F-FDG PET/*** the sub-group analysis of lung lesions,pooled DR was 92.77%for^(18)F-FDG PET/CT,95.02%for CT,and 64.93%for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).On a per-patient analysis,^(18)F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated a pooled sensitivity(SS)of 87.3%[95%confidence interval(CI):77.3%-94%]and a pooled specificity(SP)of 95.6%(95%CI:87.6-99.1).On a per-lesion analysis(328 metastases),PET/CT showed a pooled SS and SP of 86.3%(95%CI:73.5%-93.5%)and 93.4%(95%CI:71.7%-98.8%)in the detection of hematogenous *** presented systematic review and meta-analysis favor the use of^(18)F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of hematogenous metastases in patients with differentiated thyroid *** limited literature warrants further studies to confirm our findings.

关键词： PET/CT hematogenous metastases lung bone thyroid cancer FDG meta-analysis

Concentrated suspensions of Brownian beads in water: dynamic heterogeneities through a simple experimental technique

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第10期62卷 33-44页

作者： Raffaele Pastore Marco Caggioni domenico Larobina Luigi Santamaria Amato Francesco Greco Department of Chemical Materials and Production EngineeringUniversity of Naples FedericoⅡNapoli 80125Italy Corporate Engineering The Procter&Gamble CompanyCincinnatiWest Chester OH 45069USA Institute for Polymers Composites and BiomaterialsNational Research Council of ItalyNapoli 80055Italy ASI Agenzia Spaziale ItalianaCentro di Geodesia SpazialeMatera 75100Italy

Concentrated suspensions of Brownian hard-spheres in water are an epitome for understanding the glassy dynamics of both soft materials and supercooled molecular liquids. From an experimental point of view, such systems are especially suited to perform particle tracking easily, and, therefore, are a benchmark for novel optical techniques, applicable when primary particles cannot be resolved. Differential variance analysis（DVA） is one such novel technique that simplifies significantly the characterization of structural relaxation processes of soft glassy materials, since it is directly applicable to digital image sequences of the sample. DVA succeeds in monitoring not only the average dynamics, but also its spatio-temporal fluctuations, known as dynamic heterogeneities. In this work, we study the dynamics of dense suspensions of Brownian beads in water, imaged through digital video-microscopy, by using both DVA and single-particle tracking. We focus on two commonly used signatures of dynamic heterogeneities: the dynamic susceptibility, χ4, and the non-Gaussian parameter, α2. By direct comparison of these two quantities,we are able to highlight similarities and differences. We do confirm that χ4 and α2 provide qualitatively similar information, but we find quantitative discrepancies in the scalings of characteristic time and length scale on approaching the glass transition.

关键词： glass transition structural relaxation dynamic heterogeneities colloidal glasses

Leptin in immuno-rheumatological diseases

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第3期8卷 203-212页

作者： Marta Vadacca domenico PE Margiotta Luca Navarini Antonella Afeltra Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Medicine University Campus Bio-MedicoRomeItaly

Leptin is one of the most important hormones secreted by adipocytes,with a variety of physiological roles related to the control of metabolism and energy *** its discovery in 1994,leptin has attracted increasing interest in the scientific community for its pleiotropic *** of these functions is the relationship between nutritional status and immune *** structurally resembles proinflammatory cytokines,such as IL-6 and *** cytokine-like structural characteristic of leptin is implicative of its function in regulating immune *** role of leptin in regulating immune responses has been assessed in vitro as well as in clinical *** has been shown that disease conditions of reduced leptin production are associated with increased infection ***,immune-mediated disorders,such as autoimmune diseases,are associated with the increased secretion of leptin and the production of proinflammatory pathogenic *** this paper,we review the most recent advances of the role of leptin in immune-rheumatological diseases,and we discuss whether strategies aimed at modifying leptin levels could represent innovative and therapeutic tools for autoimmune disorders.

关键词： adipokines autoimmune diseases leptin rheumatic diseases

Tarnish Testing of Copper-Based Alloys Coated with SiO_2-Like Films by PECVD

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Plasma Science and Technology 2014年第5期16卷 486-490页

作者：毛样武郭贝贝聂敦伟 domenico MOMBELLO Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials of Hubei Province Wuhan Institute of Technology Department of Applied Science and Technology Politecnico di Torino

The tarnishing test in the presence of hydrogen sulfide（H2S） vapors has been used to investigate the tarnish resistance capability of copper-based alloys coated with Si02-like films by means of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition（PECVD） fed with a tetraethoxysilane/oxygen *** chemical and morphological properties of the films have been characterized by using infrared absorption spectroscopy（IR） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）with energy disperse spectroscopy（EDS）.The corrosion products of the samples after the tarnishing test have been identified by X-ray diffraction analysis（XRD）.It has been found that SiO2-like films formed via PECVD with a high O2 flow rate could protect copper-based alloys from H2S vapor *** alloys coated at the O2 flow rate of 20 sccm remain uncorroded after 54days of H2S vapor tarnish *** corrosion products for the alloys deposited at a low O2flow rate after 54 days of tarnish testing are mainly composed of brochantite.

关键词： tarnishing test PECVD film copper-based alloys

A study of the hydrogen bonds effect on the water density and the liquid-liquid transition

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第10期62卷 24-32页

作者： Francesco Mallamace Carmelo Corsaro Enza Fazio Sow-Hsin Chen domenico Mallamace Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge MA 02139USA Center for Polymer Studies and Department of Physics Boston UniversityBoston MA 02215USA Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra(MIFT)Universita di MessinaMessina 98166Italy

We study the hydrogen bonds effect on the water density as a function of temperature and pressure from the supercritical region to the metastable supercooled and amorphous phases. We identify two important thermodynamic thresholds, that is P~*■2 kbar and T~*■315 K, that separate two different water behaviors in terms of hydrogen bonding capability. For T < T~* and P < P~* the formation and stability of hydrogen bonded local structures are enhanced. The additional analyses of the proton NMR chemical shift and of the relaxation time confirm this evidence and highlight the structure breaking effects of the pressure. The investigation of both structural and dynamical quantities allow us to draw a complete picture of the water properties in terms of the temperaturepressure dependence of hydrogen bonding.

关键词： water hydrogen bond density critical supercooled phase