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Genetic Enhancement of Indigenous Cowpea with Gamma-Ray Induced trait Variation

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 651-676页

作者： Mathurin tiergnin Dabiré Minimassom Philippe Nikiéma djibril Yonli Safiatou Sanna Wossoguim Josué Gouba Siébou Palé Hamidou t.aoré Joseph t. B. Batieno Varra Prasad Zacharia Stewart Jan B. Middendorf Abhishek Rathore Anupama J. Hingane Unit de Formation et de Recherches en Sciences et technologies Dpartement des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Universit Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Institut de lEnvironnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Agronomy Kansas State University Manhattan USA Center for Agriculture-Led Growth Bureau for Resilience and Food Security United States Agency for International Development United States Agency for International Development Washington DC USA International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYt) ICRISAT Campus Patancheru India Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear techniques in Food and Agriculture Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Seibersdorf Vienna Austria

Production of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), a staple legume crop in Sub-Saharan Africa, faces challenges due to biotic and abiotic constraints. Induced mutagenesis was deployed to create genetic variation in two cowpea varieties (KVX396-4-5-2D and Moussa local). the radio-sensitivity tests led to determe the lethal dose 50 (LD50) corresponding to 230 Gy and 220 Gy for KVX396-4-5-2D and Moussa local varieties, respectively. Dried seeds (M0) of each variety were gamma-ray irradiated with LD50 − 50, LD50 and LD50 + 50. M1 seeds were advanced to generate M2, M3 and M4 mutants using the single-seed-descent method. M4 mutant lines were evaluated in rain-fed conditions using a randomized complete block design to assess phenotypic differences. Data on seven qualitative and eleven quantitative traits were collected. the results indicated that the mutation induced variability in three qualitative traits: in KVX 396-4-5-2D mutant lines, with flower and seed color frequencies at 2.61% and 0.56% respectively, and pod dehiscence at a frequency of 0.24%. While in Moussa local mutants, a pod color changed at a frequency of 17%. ANOVA results revealed significant differences between mutants of both varieties for all quantitative traits, including photosynthetic parameters. Positive correlations were observed between leaf diameter and 100-seed weight, and between branch number and 100-seed weight. Hierarchical clustering revealed three clusters among KVX 396-4-5-2D mutants and six clusters among Moussa local mutants. Early maturity and high foliage were induced traits in Cluster 3 of KVX 396-4-5-2D mutants while high hundred-seed weight was induced in Cluster 6 of Moussa local mutants.

关键词： Cowpea Mutagenesis Gamma Rays Radio-Sensitivity Phenotyping

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Nonparametric estimation for stationary and strongly mixing processes on Riemannian manifolds

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Communications in Mathematics and Statistics 2022年第4期10卷 599-621页

作者： Amour t.Gbaguidi Amoussou Freedath djibril Moussa Carlos Ogouyandjou Mamadou Abdoul Diop IMSP Universitéd’Abomey-Calavi(UAC)DangboBenin FASt Universitéd’Abomey-CalaviAbomey-CalaviBenin UniversitéGaston Berger DakarSenegal

In this paper,nonparametric estimation for a stationary strongly mixing and manifoldvalued process(X_(j))is *** this non-Euclidean and not necessarily i.i.d setting,we propose kernel density estimators of the joint probability density function,of the conditional probability density functions and of the conditional expectations of functionals of X_(j)given the past behavior of the *** prove the strong consistency of these estimators under sufficient conditions,and we illustrate their performance through simulation studies and real data analysis.

关键词： Riemannian manifolds Nonparametric estimation Kernel density estimation Stationary and strongly mixing processes Strong consistency

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Dyslipidemia in Adults with type 2 Diabetes in a Rural Community in Ganadougou, Mali: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2024年第2期14卷 133-152页

作者： Abdoulaye Diawara djibril Mamadou Coulibaly Drissa Kone Mama A. t.aore Drissa Konaté Dicko S. Bazi Oumar Kassogue Djeneba Sylla Fatoumata Gniné Fofana Oudou Diabaté Mariam t.aore Ibrahim Antoine Nieantao Kaly Keїta Mamadou Diarra Olivia Smith Jian Li Cheickna Cisse talib Yusuf Abbas Crystal Zheng Segun Fatumo Kassim t.aore Mamadou Wele Mahamadou Diakité Seydou O. Doumbia Jeffrey G. Shaffer University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako Bamako Mali National Federation of Community Health Associations Bamako Mali Department of tropical Medicine Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology John A. Burns School of Medicine University of Hawaii Manoa Honolulu USA Department Biostatistics and Data Science School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Tulane University New Orleans USA Department of Biotechnology and Computer Science Burhani College Mazgaon Mumbai India School of Medicine Tulane University New Orleans USA Medical Research Council Uganda Virus Research Institute Entebbe Uganda London School of Hygiene and tropical Medicine London UK Departement of Biochemistry and Genetics Duquesne University College of Medicine Pittsburgh USA

Dyslipidemia is a disorder where abnormally lipid concentrations circulate in the bloodstream. the disorder is common in type 2 diabetics (t2D) and is linked with t2D comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidemia in t2D is typically characterized by elevated plasma triglyceride and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. there is a significant gap in the literature regarding dyslipidemia in rural parts of Africa, where lipid profiles may not be captured through routine surveillance. this study aimed to characterize the prevalence and demo-graphic profile of dyslipidemia in t2D in the rural community of Ganadougou, Mali. We performed a cross-sectional study of 104 subjects with t2D in Ganadougou between November 2021 and March 2022. Demographic and lipid profiles were collected through cross-sectional surveys and serological analyses. the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia in t2D patients was 87.5% (91/104), which did not differ by sex (P = .368). High low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was the most common lipid abnormality (78.9%, [82/104]). Dyslipidemia was associated with age and hypertension status (P = .013 and.036, respectively). High total and high LDL-C parameters were significantly associated with hypertension (P = .029 and .006, respectively). In low-resource settings such as rural Mali, there is a critical need to improve infrastructure for routine dyslipidemia screening to guide its prevention and intervention approaches. the high rates of dyslipidemia observed in Gandadougou, consistent with concomitant increases in cardiovascular diseases in Africa suggest that lipid profile assessments should be incorporated into routine medical care for t2D patients in African rural settings.

关键词： Cholesterol Cross-Sectional Study Dyslipidemia Lipids Mali type 2 Diabetes

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A Rare Case of Holoprosencephalus with Cyclopia

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第8期10卷 976-980页

作者： Aliou Diouf Ousmane thiam Cheikh C. t. Sarr djibril B. Sow Mamour Gueye Mame D. Ndiaye Magatte Mbaye Regional Hospital Center of Saint-Louis Saint-Louis Senegal Gynecological and Obstetric Clinic EPS Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal

Cyclopia is a rare genetic defect. It is the most severe form of alobar holoprosencephaly, characterized by the fusion of the two orbits and is linked to the lack of development of the frontal bud falling within the framework of ectroprosopia. Case presentation: This is a case report of Gravida 3 Para 3, 32 years old and without a history of abortion, with a history of normal vaginal birth which occurs during labor latency with active movements of the fetus present and cardiac activity on auscultation with pinard stethoscope. The uterine height was 32 cm with well palpated fetal poles. Ultrasound examination confirms the presence of normal cardiac activity with a poorly responsive fetus. After labor management, she gave birth 3 hours after admission to the maternity ward of a living newborn male weighing 2800 g with an Apgar score of 4/10 at the first minute and 2/10 at the fifth minute. He died 10 minutes later at the maternity hospital of the Saint-Louis regional hospital center, in northern Senegal. Conclusion: tyle="font-family:Verdana;">Holoprosencephaly is certainly rare but remains the most common structural congenital anomaly of the brain with a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis. Early perinatal diagnosis and determination of severity are important to inform parents of the possibilities of a future life. the voluntary termination of pregnancy is an option but remains prohibited in the country to this day for these indications.

关键词： Holoprosencephalus Fetus Cyclopia Saint-Louis

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Assessment of Meteorological Drought in Climate Variability Context within the Comoe River transboundary Watershed

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2022年第1期12卷 1-17页

作者： Ismaïla Ouattara Léréyaha Coulibaly Koffi Abdelaziz Kouakou Amidou Dao Dabissi djibril Noufé Bamory Kamagaté Issiaka Savané UFR Sciences Géologiques et Minières (SGM) Université de Man Man C&#244 te d’Ivoire Département de Géosciences Université Péléforo Gon Coulibaly (UPGC) Korhogo C&#244 te d’Ivoire Laboratoire Géosciences et Environnement (LGE) UFR-SGE Université Nangui Abrogoua (UNA) Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

In the context of climate variability resulting in a decrease in rainfall with a severe drought, a spatio-temporal study of this phenomenon remains imperative for the efficient management of water resources. this paper aims to assess the long-term rainfall drought trend and breakpoints within the Comoe River watershed. From monthly rainfall data series (1960-2000), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) values were calculated for a time scale of 3 months (SPI.3). Statistical tests for breaks (CUSUM, and t-Student) and trends (Man-Kendall and Linear Regression) as well as the Sen’ slope method for estimating the magnitude of trends was applied. The breaks dates observed are mostly located after the 1970s. Based on SPI.3 values below the threshold of 0.84 chosen as an indicator of drought, rarely has more than half of the catchment area been affected by drought. The average watershed affected is about 20% over the study period (1960-2000). The most representative years, in terms of spatial expansion of the drought, in decreasing order of importance are: 1983, 1992, 1972 and 1982. The years 1982 and 1983 stand out for their exceptional condition, as the drought-affected 50% to 90% of the total catchment area. SPI.3 series from 1960 to the various break dates recorded slopes between -0.01 and 0.00 with a slight drought trend for most of the catchment. After the break periods, almost the entire northern part of the basin is characterized by slight moisture with Sen’s slopes between 0.000 and 0.005. the southern part will remain slightly subject to normal rainfall conditions.

关键词： Climate Variability Drought SPI.3-Index Sen’s Slope Comoe River Basin

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Naso-Labio-Palatine Clefts: Humanitarian Care in togo

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2021年第10期11卷 411-421页

作者： Saliou Adam Hamza Dolès Sama Winga Foma Haréfétéguéna Bissa Palakina Agoda Bina Béténora Essobozou Plaoudézina Pegbessou Bathokédéou Amana Essohanam Boko Mohaman Awalou djibril Eyawèlohn Kpemissi Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery at Sylvanus Olympio University teaching Hospital of Lomé Lomé Togo Department of ENt at Sylvanus Olympio University teaching Hospital of Lomé Lomé Togo Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care at Sylvanus Olympio University Lomé Togo Department of Stomatology at Campus University teaching Hospital of Lomé teaching Hospital of Lomé Lomé Togo Department of ENt at Campus University teaching Hospital of Lomé Lomé Togo Military Medical Department at Sylvanus Olympio University teaching Hospital of Lomé Lomé Togo

Introduction: the management of nasolabial-palatal clefts in precarious environments is one of the topics most addressed by many humanitarian missions, especially in Africa and Asia. the aim of our study was to propos... 详细信息

trong>Introduction: trong>the management of nasolabial-palatal clefts in precarious environments is one of the topics most addressed by many humanitarian missions, especially in Africa and Asia. the aim of our study was to propose a humanitarian and not expensive care to the patients presenting with facial clefts during the fairgrounds in disadvantaged areas. trong>Patients andtrong> trong>Method:trong> We carried out a prospective study on 32 patients who were operated with very limited means during the mobile clinics inside togo during the year 2013. these patients were followed over a period of one year after their surgery. Included in our series were native patients with facial clefts, who had no means of managing their condition, and who therefore needed humanitarian support. We have reported the clinical history of some patients to illustrate our results. trong>Results:trong> Our study included 32 children, including 15 boys and 17 girls, with a sex ratio of around 1. the average age of patients was 5 years, with extremes of 6 months and 13 years. We performed 13 clefts (including 12 unilateral clefts and 1 bilateral cleft), 17 clefts palate (including 12 unilateral clefts and 5 bilateral clefts), and 2 velar clefts. We described the clinical history of a few patients in this humanitarian setting and showed the surgical results obtained.

关键词： Nasolabial-Palatal Clefts Humanitarian Care togo

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Participatory Assessment of the Potential of traditional Lowland Rainfed Rice Varieties in Lower Casamance

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第12期13卷 1412-1426页

作者： Milienne Mendy Ousmane Ndiaye Bathé Diop djibril Sarr Mohamed Mahamoud Charahabil Paul Diedhiou Saliou Ndiaye Cheikh tidiane Ba Departement of Agroforestry University Assane Seck of Ziguinchor (UASZ) Ziguinchor Senegal National High School of Agriculture (ENSA) UIDT Thies Senegal National Agricultural Research Center (CNRA) of Bambey ISRA Bambey Senegal Departement of Sociology University Assane Seck of Ziguinchor (UASZ) Ziguinchor Senegal

Casamance was perceived as an agricultural granary that had rice potential which could meet the high food demand of Senegal. Given that the rice-growing lands have been degraded due to pedoclimatic variabilities, improved modern varieties are not usually well adapted to the Casamance rice-growing ecosystems. this work aims to contribute to the increase of rice production through varietal diversification and enhancement of cultural heritage. A participatory evaluation of five local farmers’ traditional varieties along with one check was carried out in an experiment laid out in a one-factor complete randomized block design using the six accessions with five replications. ANOVA followed by a 5% mean comparison tukey test and the Kendall Rate were performed with IBM SPSS Statistics software. the result showed very significant varietal differences for leaf blade of the penultimate leaves, 100-grains weight, panicle length, growth cycle, plant height, ramification of secondary branching of the spikelets, resistance to lodging and threshing facility (p ≤ 0.005). However, traits including flag leaf, tiller numbers, sterile tillers number, panicle numbers, panicle yield, and grain yield did not show a significant difference (p ≥ 0.06) among varieties. thus, based on some of these characteristics, farmers selected their most preferred rice varieties or accessions. the most important characteristics were tillering ability, lodging resistance and fertility rate. Koussik Emandiouck selected by farmers as the best variety, had a high grain yield (4.9 t∙ha-1), higher lodging resistance (9), and higher fertility rate (80.53%). Koussik Emandiouck, Koufekeny and Awandiaho varieties were the most preferred by farmers.

关键词： Rice Rainfed Evaluation Accession Indland Valleys Senegal

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MINOCA Resulting from Coronary Spasm Confirmed Angiographically without Ergonovine Stimulation: A Case Report

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2022年第11期12卷 473-480页

作者： Serigne Cheikh tidiane Ndao Mame Madjiguène Ka Waly Niang Mboup Khadidiatou Dia djibril Marie Ba Demba Waré Balde Mouhamed Chérif Mboup Cardiology Department H&ocirc pital Principal Dakar Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department H&ocirc pital Militaire de Ouakam Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries disease (MINOCA) encompasses a heterogeneous group of disorders. Multimodality imaging is crucial to figure out the underlying mechanism. Coronary artery spasm is a common cause of MINOCA and might be difficult to identify. Case Presentation: A 43-year-old male with no cardiovascular risk factor presented with prolonged acute chest pain at 5 am that resolved spontaneously. On admission, he was asymptomatic and clinical findings were unremarkable. the electrocardiogram showed an anterolateral negative t wave. the troponin was positive. Coronary angiography (CA) revealed a moderate lesion of the proximal left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. He was treated with dual antiplatelet therapy, statin, and beta-blocker with a favourable hospital course. One week later, he presented chest pain recurrences with anterior St-segment elevation. CA, without intra-radial nitrate, owing to a vasospasm suspicion, showed a sub-occlusion of the proximal LAD which resolved after intracoronary nitrates. Chest pain and St-segment elevation then disappeared. He remained asymptomatic and was discharged on CCB (calcium channel blocker), long-acting nitrates dual antiplatelet and statin. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) demonstrated an ejection fraction (EF) of 45% with anterior ischemia. Conclusion: Our case is about a common cause of MINOCA, namely coronary spasm, diagnosed by coronary angiogram without provocative test.

关键词： MINOCA Coronary Spasm Case Report

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Labio-Jugal Squamous Cell Carcinoma on HIV Site: Surgical Excision and Reconstruction with a Musculocutaneous Flap of the Pectoralis Major: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2021年第11期11卷 460-466页

作者： Salio Adam Hamza Dolès Sama Essobozou Plaoudézina Pegbessou Yao Messanvi Akpoto Palakina Agoda Winga Foma Haréfétéguéna Bissa Bathokédéou Amana Mohaman Awalou djibril Essohanam Boko Eyawèlohn Kpemissi Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital of Lomé Togo Lomé Department of ENt Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital of Lomé Togo Lomé Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital of Lomé Togo Lomé Department of ENt Campus University Teaching Hospital of Lomé Togo Lomé Department of Military Medical Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital of Lomé Togo Lomé Department of Stomatology Campus University Teaching Hospital of Lomé Togo Lomé

Introduction: Malignant skin tumors are very frequent lesions, induced by sustained sun exposure. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is a dangerous cancer of the skin. It’s more frequent in white people than black peo... 详细信息

trong>Introduction:trong> Malignant skin tumors are very frequent lesions, induced by sustained sun exposure. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is a dangerous cancer of the skin. It’s more frequent in white people than black people. Squamous cell carcinomas sometimes pose a real problem of local reconstruction after their removal. Reconstructions may involve the production of regional pedunculated flaps to repair the loss of substance. We report the case of a labio-jugal squamous cell carcinoma in an HIV-positive patient. the excision of the tumor required repair by a musculocutaneous flap of the pectoralis major. the aim of this paper is to show the dangerousness of that cancer, the particularity of its location around the mouth. We also want to call for a reflection about the recurrence of that disease on HIV infection ground, despite correct resection. trong>Clinical Case:trong> this was a 47-year-old HIV-positive patient on antiretroviral therapy (ARVs), treated 23 years ago for pulmonary tuberculosis. He presented with an ulcerated lower lip wound extending to the right labial commissure, right cheek, and the right lateral third of the upper lip. this lesion had progressed for about 6 months without a tendency to spontaneous healing. there was no palpable lymphadenopathy, especially in the cervicofacial region. the biopsy of the lower labial lesion concluded that it was a differentiated, mature, infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma. the craniofacial Ct scan did not note any regional tumor invasion. We indicated tumor excision, functional lymph node dissection, and reconstruction by a flap of the pectoralis major muscle. the operative procedure was performed under general anesthesia. the edge cuts after carcinoma removal were healthy. three months later, the patient is seen again with a local right submandibular recurrence. Radiotherapy was offered to him. trong>Discussion: trong>Squamous cell carcinomas are frequent in sub-Saharan Africa with pre

关键词： Squamous Cell Carcinoma Labio-Jugal Pectoralis Major Flap HIV Site

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Assessment of Insulin therapy in 281 Children and Adolescents with type 1 Diabetes in Senegal

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第1期12卷 283-292页

作者： djibril Boiro Amadou Sow Aliou Abdoulaye Ndongo Idrissa Basse Lamine thiam Ndiogou Seck Cheha Fatoumia Babacar Niang Modou Guéye Maïmouna Ndour Mbaye Ousmane Ndiaye Abass Ndao Hospital Dakar Senegal Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Diamniadio Children’s Hospital Dakar Senegal Ziguinchor Peace Hospital Dakar Senegal Saint Louis Regional Hospital Dakar Senegal Albert Royer Children’s Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: In Senegal, with the CDIC “Changing Diabetes In children” project, insulin has been made free. the objective of this study was to evaluate the accessibility and modalities of insulin therapy in the management of type 1 diabetes. Methodology: this was a retrospective study including patients followed for type 1 diabetes (t1DM) in hospital between April 2018 and December 2020. Results: 281 patients were included. the mean age was 14.22 years. the mean age at diagnosis was 11.28 years. Ketoacidosis was the main mode of discovery of diabetes at 51.6%. Premix and rapid insulins were most commonly used at 84.7% and 82.9% respectively, most often in combination. the most commonly used treatment regimen was three injections/day in 82.5% of cases. the average daily insulin dose was 0.62 IU/Kg/dr. Of the patients, 219 (78%) were self-monitoring of blood glucose. the average number of blood glucose checks was 1.78 per day. 76 patients (27%) went days without an insulin injection and up to 7 days in 51% of cases. the main reasons were forgetfulness, therapeutic errors and stock-outs. Hypoglycaemia was observed in 14.2%. the average glycated haemoglobin was 10%. Conclusion: Despite the efforts made, there are still challenges to improve access to insulin. the reinforcement of therapeutic education on insulin therapy is essential for a better quality of life of diabetic children and adolescents.

关键词： Diabetes Children Insulin therapy Senegal

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