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An integrative multivariate approach for predicting functional recovery using magnetic resonance imaging parameters in a translational pig ischemic stroke model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第5期16卷 842-850页

作者： Erin E.Kaiser j.C.poythress Kelly M.Scheulin Brian j.j.rgielewicz Nicole A.Lazar Cheolwoo park Steven L.Stice j.ongyoun Ahn Franklin D.West Regenerative Bioscience Center University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA Neuroscience Biomedical and Health Sciences InstituteUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA Department of Animal and Dairy Science College of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA Department of Statistics Franklin College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA

Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is a clinically relevant,real-time imaging modality that is frequently utilized to assess stroke type and ***,specific MRI biomarkers that can be used to predict long-term functional recovery are still a critical ***,the present study sought to examine the prognostic value of commonly utilized MRI parameters to predict functional outcomes in a porcine model of ischemic *** was induced via permanent middle cerebral artery *** 24 hours post-stroke,MRI analysis revealed focal ischemic lesions,decreased diffusivity,hemispheric swelling,and white matter *** deficits including behavioral abnormalities in open field and novel obj.ct exploration as well as spatiotemporal gait impairments were observed at 4 weeks *** graphical models identified specific MRI outputs and functional recovery variables,including white matter integrity and gait performance,that exhibited strong conditional *** correlation analysis revealed a prognostic relationship between lesion volume and white matter integrity and novel obj.ct exploration and gait ***,these analyses may also have the potential of predicting patient recovery at chronic time points as pigs and humans share many anatomical similarities(e.g.,white matter composition)that have proven to be critical in ischemic stroke *** study was approved by the University of Georgia(UGA)Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee(IACUC;protocol Number:A2014-07-021-Y3-A11 and 2018-01-029-Y1-A5)on November 22,2017.

关键词： behavior testing canonical correlation analysis gait analysis Gaussian graphical models ischemic stroke magnetic resonance imaging pig model principal component analysis

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Compressing local atomic neighbourhood descriptors

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npj.Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1593-1605页

作者： j.mes p.Darby j.mes R.Kermode Gábor Csányi Engineering Dept University of CambridgeTrumpington StCambridgeCB21PZUK Warwick Centre for predictive Modelling School of EngineeringUniversity of WarwickCoventryCV47ALUK

Many atomic descriptors are currently limited by their unfavourable scaling with the number of chemical elements S *** length of body-ordered descriptors,such as the SOAp power spectrum(3-body)and the(ACE)(multiple body-orders),scales as(ns)^(ν)whereν+1 is the body-order and N is the number of radial basis functions used in the density *** introduce two distinct approaches which can be used to overcome this scaling for the SOAp power ***,we show that the power spectrum is amenable to lossless compression with respect to both S and N,so that the descriptor length can be reduced from O(N^(2)S^(2))to O(ns).Secondly,we introduce a generalised SOAp kernel,where compression is achieved through the use of the total,element agnostic density,in combination with radial *** ideas used in the generalised kernel are equally applicably to any other body-ordered descriptors and we demonstrate this for the(ACSF).

关键词： SOAp scaling kernel

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Heterozygous carriers of galactocerebrosidase mutations that cause Krabbe disease have impaired microglial function and defective repair of myelin damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第3期13卷 393-401页

作者： Nicole j.Scott-Hewitt Christopher j.Folts Mark D.Noble Department of Biomedical Genetics University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

This review addresses two puzzling findings related to mutations in galactocerebrosidase （GALC） that cause Krabbe disease （KD）, a severe lysosomal storage disorder characterized by extensive myelin damage in children with mutations in both GALC alleles. First, heterozygous carriers of KD-causing mutations, which include the biological parents of children with KD, exhibit increased risk for developing other diseases. Second, variants in the GALC locus increase the risk of developing multiple sclerosis （MS）, another disease characterized by extensive myelin damage. What explains these correlations？ In studies on cuprizone-induced myelin damage in heterozygous （GALC＋/–） mice carrying one copy of a mutation that causes KD-like disease, the extent of damage was similar in GALC＋/– and wild-type （WT） mice. In contrast, GALC＋/- mice had striking defects in repair of cuprizone-induced damage. We further found unexpected microglial defects in myelin debris clearance and in the ability to up-regulate the Trem2 microglial protein critical for debris uptake. These defects were rescued by exposure to a lysosomal re-acidifying drug discovered in our studies on KD, and which provides multiple clinically relevant benefits in the twitcher （GALC＋/–） mouse model of KD. Thus, heterozygous GALC mutations cause effects on biological function that may help to understand the increased disease risk in heterozygous carriers of such mutations and to understand why GALC variations increase the risk of MS. Our findings indicate that while some genetic risk factors may contribute to complex diseases by increasing the risk of tissue damage, others may do so by compromising tissue repair.

关键词： vulnerability locus multiple sclerosis Krabbe disease galactocerebrosidase microglia myelin repair lysosomal storage disorders heterozygous carriers Trem2 demyelination

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Exploring the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-associated proteome with iTRAQ and Transgenic Mice

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Genomics, proteomics & Bioinformatics 2013年第4期11卷 207-218页

作者： Tristan D. McClure-Begley Kathy L. Stone Michael j. Marks Sharon R. Grady Christopher M. Colangelo j.n M. Lindstrom Marina R. picciotto Department of psychiatry Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven CT 06508 USA Institute for Behavioral Genetics University of ColoradoBoulder CO 80303 USA W.M. Keck Biotechnology Resource Laboratory Yale University School MedicineNew Haven CT 06509 USA Department of psychology and Neuroscience University of ColoradoBoulder CO 80309 USA Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry Yale UniversityNew Haven CT 06520 USA Department of Neuroscience Medical School of the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia PA 19104 USA

Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors （nAChRs） containing Gt4 and 132 subunits are the principal receptors in the mammalian central nervous system that bind nicotine with high affin- ity. These nAChRs are involved in nicotine dependence, mood disorders, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. However, our understanding of the interactions between a4β2-containing （a4β2） nAChRs and other proteins remains limited. In this study, we identified proteins that inter- act with ct4β2 nAChRs in a gene-dose dependent pattern by immunopurifying β2 nAChRs from mice that differ in ct4 and β2 subunit expression and performing proteomic analysis using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation （iTRAQ）. Reduced expression of either the a4 or the β2 subunit results in a correlated decline in the expression of a number of putative interacting proteins. We identified 208 proteins co-imrnunoprecipitated with these nAChRs. Furthermore, stratified lin- ear regression analysis indicated that levels of 17 proteins was correlated significantly with expres- sion of at4β2 nAChRs, including proteins involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement and calcium signaling. These findings represent the first application of quantitative proteomics to produce a β2 nAChR interactome and describe a novel technique used to discover potential targets for pharma- cological manipulation of a4β2 nAChRs and their downstream signaling mechanisms.

关键词： Nicotinic receptor Affinity purification Quantitative proteomics Transgenic mouse

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Momentum and heat transfer of a special case of the unsteady stagnation-point flow

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第1期41卷 51-82页

作者： T.G.FANG F.j.WANG Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department North Carolina State University

This paper investigates the unsteady stagnation-point flow and heat transfer over a moving plate with mass transfer,which is also an exact solution to the unsteady Navier-Stokes(ns)*** boundary layer energy equation is solved with the closed form solutions for prescribed wall temperature and prescribed wall heat flux *** wall temperature and heat flux have power dependence on both time and spatial *** solution domain,the velocity distribution,the flow field,and the temperature distribution in the fluids are studied for different controlling *** parameters include the prandtl number,the mass transfer parameter at the wall,the wall moving parameter,the time power index,and the spatial power *** is found that two solution branches exist for certain combinations of the controlling parameters for the flow and heat transfer *** heat transfer solutions are given by the confluent hypergeometric function of the first kind,which can be simplified into the incomplete gamma functions for special *** wall heat flux and temperature profiles show very complicated variation *** wall heat flux can have multiple poles under certain given controlling parameters,and the temperature can have significant oscillations with overshoot and negative values in the boundary *** relationship between the number of poles in the wall heat flux and the number of zero-crossing points is *** difference in the results of the prescribed wall temperature case and the prescribed wall heat flux case is *** given in this paper provide a rare closed form analytical solution to the entire unsteady ns equations,which can be used as a benchmark problem for numerical code validation.

关键词： unsteady stagnation point flow Navier-Stokes(ns)equations analytical solution heat transfer

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晚期肾病患儿神经心理学功能的评价

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第4期1卷 19-20页

作者： Bawden H. N. Acott p. Carter j. 刘健 Dr.IWK Health Centre 5850 University Avenue Halifax NS B3J 3G9 Canada

目的:对非肾病综合征的晚期肾病(ESRD)患儿的神经心理学功能和行为与同胞对照儿童进行比较。研究是在加拿大Vancouver和Halifax的两个具三级医疗水平的儿科教学医院里进行的。ESRD患儿均在等待肾脏移植,有的进行等待透析治疗,有的正在... 详细信息

目的:对非肾病综合征的晚期肾病(ESRD)患儿的神经心理学功能和行为与同胞对照儿童进行比较。研究是在加拿大Vancouver和Halifax的两个具三级医疗水平的儿科教学医院里进行的。ESRD患儿均在等待肾脏移植,有的进行等待透析治疗,有的正在进行透析治疗,22名同胞作为对照。神经心理学评估包括智力测试、学业成绩、记忆力、运动能力。

关键词：神经心理学晚期肾病同胞对照儿科教学非肾病综合征 Vancouver 肾脏移植三级医疗智力测试 dialysis

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Attitudes toward E-Cigarettes, Reasons for Initiating E-Cigarette Use, and Changes in Smoking Behavior after Initiation: A pilot Longitudinal Study of Regular Cigarette Smokers

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Open j.urnal of preventive Medicine 2014年第10期4卷 789-800页

作者： Carla j. Berg Dana Boyd Barr Erin Stratton Cam Escoffery Michelle Kegler Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta USA Department of Environmental Health Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta USA

Obj.ctives: We examined 1) changes in smoking and vaping behavior and associated cotinine levels and health status among regular smokers who were first-time e-cigarette purchasers and 2) attitudes, intentions, and restrictions regarding e-cigarettes. Methods: We conducted a pilot longitudinal study with assessments of the aforementioned factors and salivary cotinine at weeks 0, 4, and 8. Eligibility criteria included being ≥18 years old, smoking ≥25 of the last 30 days, smoking ≥5 cigarettes per day (cpd), smoking regularly ≥1 year, and not having started using e-cigarettes. Of 72 individuals screened, 40 consented, 36 completed the baseline survey, and 83.3% and 72.2% were retained at weeks 4 and 8, respectively. Results: participants reduced cigarette consumption from baseline to week 4 and 8 (p’s ported no cigarette use in the past month at week 8. There was no significant decrease in cotinine from baseline to week 4 or 8 (p’s = ns). At week 8, the maj.rity reported improved health (65.4%), reduced smoker’s cough (57.7%), and improved sense of smell (53.8%) and taste (50.0%). The maj.rity believed that e-cigarettes versus regular cigarettes have fewer health risks (97.2%) and that e-cigarettes have been shown to help smokers quit (80.6%) and reduce cigarette consumption (97.2%). In addition, the maj.rity intended to use e-cigarettes as a complete replacement for regular cigarettes (69.4%) and reported no restriction on e-cigarette use in the home (63.9%) or car (80.6%). Conclusions: Future research is needed to document the long-term impact on smoking behavior and health among cigarette smokers who initiate use of e-cigarettes.

关键词： E-Cigarettes Cessation Harm Reduction Longitudinal Study Nicotine Biomarkers

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Gastric cancer in Alaska Native people: A cancer health disparity

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2018年第25期24卷 2722-2732页

作者： Holly A Martinson Nancy j.Shelby Steven R Alberts Matthew j.Olnes WWAMI School of Medical Education University of Alaska Anchorage Department of Oncology Mayo Clinic Cancer Center Hematology and Medical Oncology Department Alaska Native Medical Center

AIM To evaluate recent trends in gastric cancer incidence, resp.nse to treatment, and overall survival among Alaska Native(AN) people. METHODS A retrospective analysis of the Alaska Native Medical Center patient database was performed. patient history, clinical, pathological, resp.nse to treatment and patient outcomes were collected from one-hundred and thirty-two AN gastric cancer patients. The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result database 18 was used to collect comparison United States non-Hispanic White(NHW) and AN gastric cancer patient data between *** AN gastric cancer patients have a higher incidence rate, a poorer overall survival, and are diagnosed at a significantly younger age compared to NHW patients. AN patients differ from NHW patients in greater prevalence of non-cardia, diffuse subtype, and signet ring cell carcinomas. AN females were more likely to be diagnosed with later stage cancer, stage IV, compared to AN males. Diminished overall survival was observed among AN patients with increasing stage, O+ blood type, ph nodes examined at resection, and no treatment. This study is the first report detailing the clinicopathologic features of gastric cancer in AN people with outcome *** Our findings confirm the importance of early detection, treatment, and surgical resection for optimizing AN patient outcomes. Further research on early detection markers are warranted.

关键词： Alaska Native gastric cancer Helicobacter pylori gender health disparities

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Microscale tissue-engineered models:overcoming barriers to adoption for neural regeneration research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第3期11卷 386-387页

作者： Michael j.Moore Department of Biomedical Engineering Tulane University

The last decade has seen a steady proliferation in the use of tissue-engineered cell culture systems（Deforest and Anseth,2012）,and these have been put to good use for studying neural axon growth and guidance（Li and Hoffman-Kim,2008;Roy et al.,2013）.These systems have been designed to more closely mimic the natural microenvironment of the developing or repairing nervous system and to enable spatiotemporal control over certain aspects of the microenvironment.

关键词： engineered regeneration adoption barriers mimic enable guidance proj.ction friendly overcome

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N_2激光器的改进研究

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中国激光 1991年第6期18卷 475-476页

作者：胡德敬 H.-j.Kunze j.Maurmann 同济大学物理系 200092 德国波鸿.鲁尔大学天文和物理学系

染料激光器通常需要一个大能量、长脉宽、窄带的泵浦光源。

关键词： N2激光器分子气体激光器改进

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