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Height estimation from single aerial imagery using contrastive learning based multi-scale refinement network

International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 2322-2340页

作者： Wufan Zhao Hu Ding Jiaming Na Mengmeng Li dirk Tiede Geomatics Section Department of Civil EngineeringFaculty of Engineering TechnologyKU LeuvenBelgium School of Geography South China Normal UniversityGuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China College of Civil Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingPeople’s Republic of China Academy of Digital China(Fujian) Fuzhou UniversityFuzhouPeople’s Republic of China Department of Geoinformatics(Z_GIS) Faculty of Digital and Analytical SciencesParis Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria

Height map estimation from a single aerial image plays a crucial role in localization,mapping,and 3D object *** convolutional neural networks have been used to predict height information from single-view remote sensing images,but these methods rely on large volumes of training data and often overlook geometric features present in orthographic *** address these issues,this study proposes a gradient-based self-supervised learning network with momentum contrastive loss to extract geometric information from non-labeled images in the pretraining ***,novel local implicit constraint layers are used at multiple decoding stages in the proposed supervised network to refine high-resolution features in height *** structural-aware loss is also applied to improve the robustness of the network to positional shift and minor structural changes along the boundary *** evaluation on the ISPRS benchmark datasets shows that the proposed method outperforms other baseline networks,with minimum MAE and RMSE of 0.116 and 0.289 for the Vaihingen dataset and 0.077 and 0.481 for the Potsdam dataset,*** proposed method also shows around threefold data efficiency improvements on the Potsdam dataset and domain generalization on the Enschede *** results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in height map estimation from single-view remote sensing images.

关键词： Height estimation aerial imagery digital surface models contrastive learning local implicit constrain

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Reproducible Research Publication Workflow:A Canonical Workflow Framework and FAIR Digital Object Approach to Quality Research Output

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Data Intelligence 2022年第2期4卷 306-319页

作者： Limor Peer Claudia Biniossek dirk Betz Thu-Mai Christian Institution for Social and Policy Studies Yale UniversityConnecticut 06520USA Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences(CEREB) University of ErfurtThuringen 99089Germany Odum Institute for Research in Social Science University of North Carolina SystemNorth Carolina 27514-3916USA

In this paper we present the Reproducible Research Publication Workflow(RRPW)as an example of how generic canonical workflows can be applied to a specific *** RRPW includes essential steps between submission and final publication of the manuscript and the research artefacts(i.e.,data,code,etc.)that underlie the scholarly claims in the manuscript.A key aspect of the RRPW is the inclusion of artefact review and metadata creation as part of the publication *** paper discusses a formalized technical structure around a set of canonical steps which helps codify and standardize the process for researchers,curators,and *** proposed application of canonical workflows can help achieve the goals of improved transparency and reproducibility,increase FAIR compliance of all research artefacts at all steps,and facilitate better exchange of annotated and machine-readable metadata.

关键词： FAIR research output FAIR Digital Objects Reproducible research Research compendium Compendium publication workflow Data quality review

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Emerging trends in big Earth data management and analysis

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Big Earth Data 2023年第3期7卷 451-454页

作者： Martin Sudmanns Gregory Giuliani dirk Tiede Hannah Augustin Department of Geoinformatics Paris Lodron University SalzburgSalzburgAustria Institute for Environmental Sciences University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

Big Earth data are increasingly used in a variety of *** the same time,technological developments happen rapidly and include Earth observation data cubes,analysis-ready data(ARD),the need to access distributed systems and data to avoid replicating datasets,searching and finding datasets,or visualization of data and information in a comprehensive way.

关键词： Earth searching analysis

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One hundred marathons in 100 days:Unique biomechanical signature and the evolution of force characteristics and bone density

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 347-357页

作者： Pieter Van den Berghe Bastiaan Breine Ella Haeck dirk De Clercq Department of Movement and Sports Sciences Ghent UniversityGhent 9000Belgium

Background:An extraordinary long-term running performance may benefit from low dynamic loads and a high load-bearing *** extraordinary runner(age=55 years,height=1.81 m,mass=92 kg) scheduled a marathon a day for 100 consecutive *** running biomechanics and bone density were investigated to better understand successful long-term running in the master ***:Overground running gait analysis and bone densitometry were conducted before the marathon-a-day challenge and near its *** case’s running biomechanics were compared pre-challenge to 31 runners who were matched by a similar foot strike ***:The case’s peak vertical loading rate(Δx=-61.9 body weight(BW)/s or-57%),peak vertical ground reaction force(Δx=-0.38 BW or-15%),and peak braking force(Δx=-0.118 BW or-31%) were remarkably lower(p<0.05) than the control group at~3.3 m/*** relatively low loading-related magnitudes were attributed to a remarkably high duty factor(0.41) at the evaluated *** foot strike angle of the marathoner(29.5°) was greater than that of the control group,affecting the peak vertical loading *** powers in the lower extremity were also remarkably low in the case ***:peak power of knee absorption(Δx=-9.16 watt/kg or-48%) and ankle generation(Δx=-3.17 watt/kg or-30%).The bone mineral density increased to 1.245 g/cm;(+2.98%) near completion of the challenge,whereas the force characteristics showed no statistically significant ***:The remarkable pattern of the high-mileage runner may be useful in developing or evaluating load-shifting strategies in distance running.

关键词： Bone Gait analysis Ground reaction force Load Running

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Safe operation of online learning data driven model predictive control of building energy systems

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 536-549页

作者： Phillip Stoffel Patrick Henkel Martin Ratz Alexander Kumpel dirk Muller RWTH Aachen University E.ON Energy Research CenterInstitute for Energy Efficient Buildings and Indoor ClimateMathieustraße 10Aachen52074Germany

Model predictive control is a promising approach to reduce the CO 2 emissions in the building ***,the vast modeling effort hampers the widescale practical ***,data-driven process models,like artificial neural networks,are well-suited to automatize the ***,the underlying data set strongly determines the quality and reliability of artificial neural *** general,the validity domain of a machine learning model is limited to the data that was used to train *** based on system states outside that domain,so-called extrapolations,are unreliable and can negatively influence the control *** present a safe operation approach combined with online learning to deal with extrapolation in data-driven model predictive ***,the k-nearest neighbor algorithm is used to detect extrapolation to switch to a robust fallback *** continuously retraining the artificial neural networks during operation,we successively increase the validity domain of the artificial neural networks and the control *** apply the approach to control a building energy system provided by the BOPTEST *** compare controllers based on two data sets,one with extensive system excitation and one with baseline *** system is controlled to a fixed temperature set point in baseline ***,the artificial neural networks trained on this data set tend to extrapolate in other operating *** show that safe operation in combination with online learning significantly improves performance.

关键词： Data-driven model predictive control Online learning Novelty detection Artificial neural networks Building energy systems

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Understanding electricity prices beyond the merit order principle using explainable AI

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Energy and AI 2023年第3期13卷 149-159页

作者： Julius Trebbien Leonardo Rydin Gorjao Aaron Praktiknjo Benjamin Schafer dirk Witthaut Forschungszentrum Julich Institute for Energy and Climate Research–Systems Analysis and Technology Evaluation(IEK-STE)52428 JülichGermany University of Cologne Institute for Theoretical PhysicsZülpicher Str.7750937 CologneGermany Faculty of Science and Technology Norwegian University of Life Sciences1432 AsNorway Chair for Energy System Economics Institute for Future Energy Consumer Needs and Behavior(FCN)E.ON Energy Research CenterRWTH Aachen UniversityMathieustr.1052074 AachenGermany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany JARA-ENERGY 52074 AachenGermany

Electricity prices in liberalized markets are determined by the supply and demand for electric power,which are in turn driven by various external influences that vary strongly in *** perfect competition,the merit order principle describes that dispatchable power plants enter the market in the order of their marginal costs to meet the residual load,*** difference of load and renewable *** market models are based on this principle when attempting to predict electricity prices,yet the principle is fraught with assumptions and simplifications and thus is limited in accurately predicting *** this article,we present an explainable machine learning model for the electricity prices on the German day-ahead market which foregoes of the aforementioned assumptions of the merit order *** model is designed for an ex-post analysis of prices and builds on various external *** SHapley Additive exPlanation(SHAP)values we disentangle the role of the different features and quantify their importance from empiric data,and therein circumvent the limitations inherent to the merit order *** show that load,wind and solar generation are the central external features driving prices,as expected,wherein wind generation affects prices more than solar ***,fuel prices also highly affect prices,and do so in a nontrivial ***,large generation ramps are correlated with high prices due to the limited flexibility of nuclear and lignite ***,we offer a model that describes the influence of the main drivers of electricity prices in Germany,taking us a step beyond the limited merit order principle in explaining the drivers of electricity prices and their relation to each other.

关键词： Electricity prices Merit order principle Explainable artificial intelligence Machine learning Fuel prices Energy market

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Public Charging Infrastructure in Germany–A Utilization and Profitability Analysis

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第6期10卷 1750-1760页

作者： Benedict J.Mortimer Amandus Dominik Bach Christopher Hecht dirk Uwe Sauer Rik W.De Doncker Institute for Power Generation and Storage Systems at the E.ON Energy Research Center RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany

The current increase in the number of electric vehicles in Germany requires an adequately developed charging *** numbers of public and semi-public charging stations are necessary to ensure sufficient coverage of charging *** order to make the installation worthwhile for the mostly private operators as well as public ones,a sufficient utilization is *** paper gives an overview of the differences in the utilization across the public charging infrastructure in *** this end,a dataset on the utilization of 21164 public and semi-public charging stations in Germany is *** installation and operating costs of various charging stations are modeled and economically evaluated in combination with the utilization *** is shown that in 2019-2020,the average utilization in Germany was rather low,albeit with striking regional *** consider future scenarios allowing the regional development forecasting of economic *** is demonstrated that a growth in electric mobility of 20%-30%per year leads to a large number of economically feasible charging parks in urban agglomeration areas.

关键词： Charging infrastructure charging station utilization electromobility economic analysis

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Ni Flower/MXene-Melamine Foam Derived 3D Magnetic/Conductive Networks for Ultra-Efficient Microwave Absorption and Infrared Stealth

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第4期14卷 142-157页

作者： Haoran Cheng Yamin Pan Xin Wang Chuntai Liu Changyu Shen dirk W.Schubert Zhanhu Guo Xianhu Liu Key Laboratory of Advanced Material Processing&Mold(Ministry of Education) National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450002People’s Republic of China Institute of Polymer Materials Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-NurembergMartensstr.791058 ErlangenGermany Integrated Composites Laboratory(ICL) Department of Chemical&Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

The development of multifunctional and efficient electromagnetic wave absorbing materials is a challenging research ***,the magnetized Ni flower/MXene hybrids are successfully assembled on the surface of melamine foam(MF)through electrostatic self-assembly and dip-coating adsorption process,realizing the integration of microwave absorption,infrared stealth,and flame ***,the Ni/MXene-MF achieves a minimum reflection loss(RLmin)of−62.7 dB with a corresponding effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 6.24 GHz at 2 mm and an EAB of 6.88 GHz at 1.8 *** electromagnetic wave absorption is attributed to the three-dimensional magnetic/conductive networks,which provided excellent impedance matching,dielectric loss,magnetic loss,interface polarization,and multiple *** addition,the Ni/MXene-MF endows low density,excellent heat insulation,infrared stealth,and flame-retardant *** work provided a new development strategy for the design of multifunctional and efficient electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.

关键词： Ni-MXene/Melamine foam Microwave absorption Heat insulation Infrared stealth Flame-retardant

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Location-based prediction model for Crohn’s disease regarding a novel serological marker,anti-chitinase 3-like 1 autoantibodies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第42期29卷 5728-5750页

作者： Nora Sipeki Patricia Julianna Kovats Claudia Deutschmann Peter Schierack dirk Roggenbuck Maria Papp Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hungary Kálmán Laki Doctoral School Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hungary Institute of Biotechnology Faculty Environment and Natural SciencesBrandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-SenftenbergSenftenberg 01968Germany Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-SenftenbergSenftenberg 01968Germany Medipan GmbH&GA Generic Assays GmbH Dahlewitz-Berlin 15827Germany

BACKGROUND Defective neutrophil regulation in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is thought to play an important role in the onset or manifestation of IBD,as it could lead to damage of the intestinal mucosal barrier by the infiltration of neutrophils in the inflamed mucosa and the accumulation of *** neutrophils in the context of innate immune responses,immunoglobulin A(IgA)as an acquired immune response partakes in the defense of the intestinal *** normal conditions,IgA contributes to the elimination of microbes,but in connection with the loss of tolerance to chitinase 3-like 1(CHI3L1)in IBD,IgA could participate in CHI3L1-mediated improved adhesion and invasion of potentially pathogenic *** tolerance brake to CHI3L1 and the occurrence of IgA autoantibodies to this particular target,the exact role and underlying mechanisms of CHI3L1 in the pathogenesis of IBD are still *** To determine the predictive potential of Ig subtypes of a novel serological marker,anti-CHI3L1 autoantibodies(aCHI3L1)in determining the disease phenotype,therapeutic strategy and long-term disease course in a prospective referral cohort of adult IBD *** Sera of 257 Crohn’s disease(CD)and 180 ulcerative colitis(UC)patients from a tertiary IBD referral center of Hungary(Division of Gastroenterology,Department of Internal Medicine,Faculty of Medicine,University of Debrecen)were assayed for IgG,IgA,and secretory IgA(sIgA)type aCHI3L1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using recombinant CHI3L1,along with 86 healthy controls(HCONT).RESULTS The IgA type was more prevalent in CD than in UC(29.2%vs 11.1%)or HCONT(2.83%;P<0.0001 for both).However,sIgA subtype aCHI3L1 positivity was higher in both CD and UC patients than in HCONT(39.3%and 32.8%vs 4.65%,respectively;P<0.0001).The presence of both IgA and sIgA aCHI3L1 antibodies was associated with colonic involvement(P<0.0001 and P=0.038,respectively)in patients with *** disease behavior a

关键词： Chitinase 3-like 1 autoantibodies Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Disease progression Immunoglobulin subtypes Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

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Multi-scale simulations of apatite-collagen composites： from molecules to materials

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2017年第1期11卷 1-12页

作者： dirk ZAHN Lehrstuhl for Theoretische Chemie/Computer Chemie Centrum Friedrich-Alexander Universitat Erlangen-Numberg Nagelsbachstraβe25 91052 Erlangen Germany

We review scale-bridging simulation studies for the exploration of atomic- to-meso scale processes that account for the unique structure and mechanic properties of apatite-protein composites. As the atomic structure and composition of such complex biocomposites only partially is known, the first part （i） of our modelling studies is dedicated to realistic crystal nucleation scenarios of inorganic-organic composites. Starting from the association of single ions, recent insights range from the mechanisms of motif formation, ripening reactions and the self-organization of nanocrystals, including their interplay with growth-controlling molecular moieties. On this basis, （ii） reliable building rules for unprejudiced scale-up models can be derived to model bulk materials. This is exemplified for （enamel-like） apatite-protein composites, encompassing up to 106 atom models to provide a realistic account of the 10 nm length scale, whilst model coarsening is used to reach pm length scales. On this basis, a series of deformation and fracture simulation studies were performed and helped to rationalize biocomposite hardness, plasticity, toughness, self-healing and fracture mechanisms. Complementing experimental work, these modelling studies provide particularly detailed insights into the relation of hierarchical composite structure and favorable mechanical properties.

关键词： biocomposites deformation fracture molecular simulation

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