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Neglected tropical diseases:an effective global response to local poverty-related disease priorities

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第1期9卷 9-17页

作者： dirk engels Xiao-Nong Zhou Uniting to Combat NTDs Support Centre GenevaSwitzerland National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China World Health Organization Collaborative Centre for Tropical Diseases Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of Health of ChinaShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchJiatong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China

Background:Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)have long been overlooked in the global health *** are intimately related to poverty,cause important local burdens of disease,but individually do not represent global ***,NTDs were estimated to affect close to 2 billion people at the turn of the millennium,with a collective burden equivalent to HIV/AIDS,tuberculosis,or malaria.A global response was therefore *** text:The World Health Organization(WHO)conceived an innovative strategy in the early 2000s to combat NTDs as a group of diseases,based on a combination of five public health *** to essential NTD medicines has hugely improved thanks to strong public-private partnership involving the pharmaceutical *** combination of a WHO NTD roadmap with clear targets to be achieved by 2020 and game-changing partner commitments endorsed in the London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases,have led to unprecedented progress in the implementation of large-scale preventive treatment,case management and care of *** coming decade will see as challenges the mainstreaming of these NTD interventions into Universal Health Coverage and the coordination with other sectors to get to the roots of poverty and scale up transmissionbreaking *** expertise with the elimination of multiple NTDs,together with poverty reduction and intersectoral action piloted by municipalities and local governments,can serve as a model for the *** international community will also need to keep a specific focus on NTDs in order to further steer this global response,manage the scaling up and sustainment of NTD interventions globally,and develop novel products and implementation strategies for NTDs that are still lagging ***:The year 2020 will be crucial for the future of the global response to *** against the 2020 roadmap targets will be assessed,a new 2021–2030 NTD roadmap will be launched,and the London Dec

关键词： Neglected tropical diseases Diseases of poverty Global health priorities Integrated control

A decade of innovation to deepen the understanding of infectious diseases of poverty and foster their control and elimination

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第6期11卷 1-4页

作者： dirk engels Sheng‑lan Tang Colin DButler Ayoade MJOduola Tania Cde Araujo‑Jorge George FGao Jürg Utzinger Xiao‑Nong Zhou World Health Organization(Retired) GenevaSwitzerland Duke University DurhamUSA Australia National University CanberraAustralia University of Ibadan Research Foundation University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Institute Oswaldo Cruz Oswaldo Cruz FoundationRio de JaneiroBrazil Chinese Acad‑emy of Sciences BeijingPeople’s Republic of China Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute AllschwilSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghaiPeo‑ple’s Republic of China One Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University The University of EdinburghShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China

Exactly 10 years ago,on 25 October 2012,a group of scientists,policy-makers,and practitioners undertook an ambitious project to launch a new open-access journal,named Infectious Diseases of Poverty[1].The idea had originated from a think-tank put forth by the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases(TDR),an organisation co-sponsored by the United Nations Children’s Fund(UNICEF),the United Nations Development Programme(UNDP),the World Bank,and the World Health Organization(WHO).Indeed,this think-tank published a comprehensive Global Report for Research on Infectious Diseases of Poverty[2]that guided the scope and remit of Infectious Diseases of Poverty.

关键词： UNICEF elimination originated

Time to Integrate Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases Control and Elimination

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China CDC weekly 2021年第17期3卷 372-374页

作者： dirk engels Fang Huang Xiao-nong Zhou Secretariat Uniting Forum To Combate NTDsGenevaSwitzerland NHC Key Laboratory for Parasite and Vector Biology National Institute of Parasitic DiseasesChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghaiChina Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina.

Traditionally,malaria has always been considered one of the tropical *** only has changed in the late 1990s,with the World Health Organization(WHO)profiling HIV,tuberculosis(TB),and malaria as priority“poverty-related”killing diseases(1).This has led to the creation of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS,Tuberculosis,and Malaria(2),that has mobilized substantial resources to advance the control of all three diseases,even if mostly in a siloed manner.

关键词： Malaria diseases malaria

The cross-cutting contribution of the end of neglected tropical diseases to the sustainable development goals

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 634-653页

作者： Mathieu Bangert David H.Molyneux Steve W.Lindsay Christopher Fitzpatrick dirk engels Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases World Health Organization20 Avenue Appia1211 GenevaSwitzerland Department of Parasitology Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Department of Biosciences Durham UniversityDurhamUK

The Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)call for an integrated response,the kind that has defined Neglected Tropical Diseases(NTDs)efforts in the past *** interventions have the greatest relevance for SDG3,the health goal,where the focus on equity,and its commitment to reaching people in need of health services,wherever they may live and whatever their circumstances,is fundamentally aligned with the target of Universal Health *** interventions,however,also affect and are affected by many of the other development areas covered under the 2030 *** such as mass drug administration or the programmatic integration of NTD and WASH activities(SDG6)are driven by effective global partnerships(SDG17).Intervention against the NTDs can also have an impact on poverty(SDG1)and hunger(SDG2),can improve education(SDG4),work and economic growth(SDG8),thereby reducing inequalities(SDG10).The community-led distribution of donated medicines to more than 1 billion people reinforces women’s empowerment(SDG5),logistics infrastructure(SDG9)and non-discrimination against disability(SDG16).Interventions to curb mosquito-borne NTDs contribute to the goals of urban sustainability(SDG11)and resilience to climate change(SDG13),while the safe use of insecticides supports the goal of sustainable ecosystems(SDG15).Although indirectly,interventions to control waterand animal-related NTDs can facilitate the goals of small-scale fishing(SDG14)and sustainable hydroelectricity and biofuels(SDG7).NTDs proliferate in less developed areas in countries across the income spectrum,areas where large numbers of people have little or no access to adequate health care,clean water,sanitation,housing,education,transport and *** scoping review assesses how in this context,ending the epidemic of the NTDs can impact and improve our prospects of attaining the SDGs.

关键词： Neglected tropical diseases Sustainable development goals

In search of optimal building behavior models for model predictive control in the context of flexibility

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Building Simulation 2024年第1期17卷 71-91页

作者： Arash Erfani Tohid Jafarinejad Staf Roels dirk Saelens KU Leuven Department of Civil EngineeringBuilding Physics and Sustainable Design SectionKasteelpark Arenberg 40 Bus 24473001 HeverleeBelgium EnergyVille Thor Park 8310Genk 3600Belgium

Model predictive control(MPC)is an advanced control *** has been deployed to harness the energy flexibility of a *** requires a dynamic model of the building to achieve such an ***,developing a suitable predictive model is the main challenge in MPC implementation forflexibility *** studyfocuses on the application of key performance indicators(KPls)to evaluate the suitability of MPC models via feature *** this end,multiple models were developed for two houses.A feature selection method was developed to select an appropriate feature space to train the *** predictive models were then quantified based on one-step ahead prediction error(OSPE),a standard KPI used in multiple studies,and a less-often KPl:multi-step ahead prediction error(MSPE).An MPC workflow was designed where different models can serve as the predictive *** showed that MSPE better demonstrates the performance of predictive models used for flexibility *** revealed that up to 57% of the flexibility potential and 48% of energy use reduction are not exploited if MSPE is not minimized while developing a predictive model.

关键词： building flexibility model predictive control for building building behaviour identification smart home

Sturge–Weber syndrome:an update for the pediatrician

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期20卷 435-443页

作者： Emilie Dingenen Damien Segers Hannelore De Maeseneer dirk Van Gysel Ghent University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences GhentBelgium Department of Pediatrics O.L.Vrouw Hospital AalstMoorselbaan 1649300AalstBelgium Interdisciplinary Unit of Pediatric Dermatology Vrije Universiteit Brussel(VUB)Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel(UZ Brussel)BrusselsBelgium

Sturge–Weber syndrome(SWS)is a rare congenital neurocutaneous disorder characterized by the simultaneous presence of both cutaneous and extracutaneous capillary *** usually presents as a facial port-wine birthmark,with a varying presence of leptomeningeal capillary malformations and ocular vascular *** latter may lead to significant neurological and ocular morbidity such as epilepsy and *** is most often caused by a somatic mutation involving the G protein subunit alpha Q or G protein subunit alpha 11 gene causing various alterations in downstream signaling *** specifically conducted a comprehensive review focusing on the current knowledge of clinical practices,the latest pathophysiological insights,and the potential novel therapeutic avenues they *** sources A narrative,non-systematic review of the literature was conducted,combining expert opinion with a balanced review of the available literature.A search of PubMed,Google Scholar and Embase was conducted,using keywords“Sturge–Weber Syndrome”OR“SWS”,“Capillary malformations”,“G protein subunit alpha 11”OR“G protein subunit alpha Q”.Results One of the hallmark features of SWS is the presence of a port-wine birthmark at birth,and forehead involvement is most indicative for *** most common ocular manifestations of SWS are glaucoma and choroidal *** presents in either in infancy(0–3 years of age)or later in *** complications are common in SWS,occurring in about 70%–80%of patients,with seizures being the most common *** significantly impacts the quality of life for patients and their families,and requires a multidisciplinary approach for diagnosis and ***,no disease-modifying therapies exist,and treatment is mostly focused on symptoms or complications as they *** SWS remains a complex and heterogeneous *** research is needed to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic strategies,and to transl

关键词： Capillary malformations G-protein Gq-G11 Port-wine birthmark Neurocutaneous disorder Sturge-Weber syndrome

Characterization and quantification of multi-field coupling in lithium-ion batteries under mechanical constraints

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 364-379,I0009页

作者： Xue Cai Caiping Zhang Zeping Chen Linjing Zhang dirk Uwe Sauer Weihan Li National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Chair for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Systems Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives(ISEA)RWTH Aachen UniversityCampus Boulevard 8952074 AachenGermany Center for Ageing Reliability and Lifetime Prediction of Electrochemical and Power Electronic Systems(CARL)Campus-Boulevard 8952074 AachenGermany Juelich Aachen Research Alliance JARA-EnergyAachenGermany Helmholtz Institute Münster(HI MS) IEK-12Forschungszentrum JülichGermany

The safety and durability of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical constraints depend significantly on electrochemical,thermal,and mechanical fields in *** and quantifying the multi-field coupling behaviors requires interdisciplinary ***,we design experiments under mechanical constraints and introduce an in-situ analytical framework to clarify the complex interaction mechanisms and coupling degrees among multi-physics *** proposed analytical framework integrates the parameterization of equivalent models,in-situ mechanical analysis,and quantitative assessment of coupling *** results indicate that the significant impact of pressure on impedance at low temperatures results from the diffusion-controlled step,enhancing kinetics when external pressure,like 180 to 240 k Pa at 10℃,is *** diversity in control steps for the electrochemical reaction accounts for the varying impact of pressure on battery performance across different *** thermal expansion rate suggests that the swelling force varies by less than 1.60%per unit of elevated temperature during the lithiation *** introducing a composite metric,we quantify the coupling correlation and intensity between characteristic parameters and physical fields,uncovering the highest coupling degree in electrochemical-thermal *** results underscore the potential of analytical approaches in revealing the mechanisms of interaction among multi-fields,with the goal of enhancing battery performance and advancing battery management.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Muti-field coupling Mechanical constraints Interaction mechanisms Quantitative analysis

Gene expression,transcription factor binding and histone modification predict leaf adaxial-abaxial polarity related genes

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第4期10卷 971-982页

作者： Wei Sun Zhicheng Zhang Guusje Bonnema Xiaowu Wang Aalt dirk Jan van Dijk State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Sino-Dutch Joint Lab of Vegetable Genomics Beijing 100081China Bioinformatics Group Wageningen University and Research6708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands Plant Breeding Wageningen University and Research6708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands Biosystems Data Analysis Swammerdam Institute for Life SciencesUniversity of Amsterdam1090 GE Amsterdamthe Netherlands

Leaf adaxial-abaxial(ad-abaxial)polarity is crucial for leaf morphology and function,but the genetic machinery governing this process remains *** uncover critical genes involved in leaf ad-abaxial patterning,we applied a combination of in silico prediction using machine learning(ML)and experimental analysis.A Random Forest model was trained using genes known to influence ad-abaxial polarity as ground *** expression data from various tissues and conditions as well as promoter regulation data derived from transcription factor chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing(ChIP-seq)was used as input,enabling the prediction of novel ad-abaxial polarity-related genes and additional transcription *** to this,available and newly-obtained transcriptome data enabled us to identify genes differentially expressed across leaf ad-abaxial *** on these analyses,we obtained a set of 111 novel genes which are involved in leaf ad-abaxial *** explore implications for vegetable crop breeding,we examined the conservation of expression patterns between Arabidopsis and Brassica rapa using single-cell *** results demonstrated the utility of our computational approach for predicting candidate genes in crop *** findings expand the understanding of the genetic networks governing leaf ad-abaxial differentiation in agriculturally important vegetables,enhancing comprehension of natural variation impacting leaf morphology and development,with demonstrable breeding applications.

关键词： Machine learning Leaf polarity Arabidopsis thaliana Brassica rapa Transcription factor

Fresnel Equations Derived Using a Non-Local Hidden-Variable Particle Theory

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第6期15卷 950-984页

作者： dirk J. Pons Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand

Problem: The Fresnel equations describe the proportions of reflected and transmitted light from a surface, and are conventionally derived from wave theory continuum mechanics. Particle-based derivations of the Fresnel equations appear not to exist. Approach: The objective of this work was to derive the basic optical laws from first principles from a particle basis. The particle model used was the Cordus theory, a type of non-local hidden-variable (NLHV) theory that predicts specific substructures to the photon and other particles. Findings: The theory explains the origin of the orthogonal electrostatic and magnetic fields, and re-derives the refraction and reflection laws including Snell’s law and critical angle, and the Fresnel equations for s and p-polarisation. These formulations are identical to those produced by electromagnetic wave theory. Contribution: The work provides a comprehensive derivation and physical explanation of the basic optical laws, which appears not to have previously been shown from a particle basis. Implications: The primary implications are for suggesting routes for the theoretical advancement of fundamental physics. The Cordus NLHV particle theory explains optical phenomena, yet it also explains other physical phenomena including some otherwise only accessible through quantum mechanics (such as the electron spin g-factor) and general relativity (including the Lorentz and relativistic Doppler). It also provides solutions for phenomena of unknown causation, such as asymmetrical baryogenesis, unification of the interactions, and reasons for nuclide stability/instability. Consequently, the implication is that NLHV theories have the potential to represent a deeper physics that may underpin and unify quantum mechanics, general relativity, and wave theory.

关键词： Wave-Particle Duality Optical Law Fresnel Equation Non-Local Hidden-Variable