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A randomized trial of a 4- vs 12-week daily interferon dose regimen combined with ribavirin in treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2004年第1期3卷 42-48页

作者： Shiv K. Sarin Ankur Goyal Sudheer Kumar Rajkumar C. Guptan Abid Zaffar Hashmi Pooja Sakhuja Veena malhotra Departments of Gastroenterology G. 13. Pant Hospital New Delhi 110002 India Departments of Pathology G. 13. Pant Hospital New Delhi 110002 India

BACKGROUND: Standard combination-therapy of ribavi- rin with alternate day interferon (IFN) in patients with chronic hepatitis C ( CHC) has been reported to achieve 30%-55% sustained viral response. Early reduction of viral load by daily dosage of IFN could enhance viral clearance. However, the duration of daily dosage protocol and the likely side-effects have not been well studied. We compared the efficacy and safety of a 4- vs 12-week daily IFN dosage in patients with CHC. METHODS: Fifty-nine, histologically proven CHC patients having ALT levels >1.5 ×ULN were divided randomly into 2 groups, group I was given IFN 3 MIU daily for 4 weeks, followed by tiw up to 12 months and group was given IFN 3 MIU daily for 12 weeks, followed by tiw up to 12 months. Ribavirin was given in a dose of 800-1200 mg/d for 12 months. RESULTS: Fifty-two of the 59 patients (group group completed the study. The pretreatment vari- ables and the prevalence of HCV genotype 1 were compara- ble between the groups. Nine patients (29%) in group and 6 (25%) in group had stage 3, 4 fibrosis. At the end of 4, 12, 24 and 52 weeks, HCV RNA negativity was ob- served in 27%, 54%, 65% and 71% in group I and 38%, 54%, 71% and 75% in group respectively (P =ns). Four of the eight (50%) patients with genotype 1 and 30 (69.8%) of 43 patients with genotype non-1 responded to therapy (P =ns). Sustained viral response was achieved in 61% and 71% in groups respectively. None of the variables predicted non-response precisely. No serious adverse effects were observed and they were comparable between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Daily IFN dosage with ribavirin is safe and can achieve response in up to 65% patients. Since the effica- cy of a 4-week daily dosage of IFN is comparable to a 12- week schedule, we recommend the former regimen.

关键词： hepatitis C virus hepatitis C interferon ribavirin induction dosage sustained viral response chronic hepatitis combination therapy

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Leg Length Discrepancy in Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty

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Surgical Science 2011年第4期2卷 183-187页

作者： Christopher N Peck Karan malhotra Winston Y Kim 不详

The use of cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) is on the increase. In order to achieve rotational and axial stability larger implants may be required than originally templated for. This could potentially result in a lar-ger leg length inequality. Our objective was to determine whether there is greater inequality in leg length post-operatively in cementless THA as compared to cemented implants. 136 consecutive patients undergoing elective THA between June 2007 and May 2008 were included. Post-operative digital radiographs were ex-amined to determine leg length. Twenty seven patients (20%) underwent a cemented procedure and 109 (80%) a cementless procedure. In the cemented group the mean leg length discrepancy was 7.3 mm (range 19 mm short to 21 mm long). In the cementless group the mean measured leg length discrepancy was 6.3 mm (range 18 mm short to 23 mm long). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.443). This study shows that with accurate pre-operative templating, both cemented and cementless proce-dures produce comparable and acceptable leg length discrepancies.

关键词： Hip Arthroplasty Cementless Leg Length

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N-polar InGaN nanowires: breaking the efficiency bottleneck of nano and micro LEDs

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Photonics Research 2022年第2期10卷 587-593页

作者： Xianhe Liu Yi Sun Yakshita malhotra Ayush Pandey Ping Wang Yuanpeng Wu Kai Sun Zetian Mi Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA Guangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian UniversityGuangzhou 510555China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA

The efficiency of conventional quantum well light-emitting diodes(LEDs) decreases drastically with reducing areal size. Here we show that such a critical size scaling issue of LEDs can be addressed by utilizing N-polar In Ga N nanowires. We studied the epitaxy and performance characteristics of N-polar In Ga N nanowire LEDs grown on sapphire substrate by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. A maximum external quantum efficiency-11% was measured for LEDs with lateral dimensions as small as 750 nm directly on wafer without any packaging. The effect of electron overflow and Auger recombination on the device performance is also studied. This work provides a viable approach for achieving high-efficiency nano and micro LEDs that were not previously possible.

关键词： sapphire nanowires polar

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N-polar InGaN/GaN nanowires: overcoming the efficiency cliff of red-emitting micro-LEDs

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Photonics Research 2022年第4期10卷 1107-1116页

作者： A.Pandey Y.malhotra P.Wang K.Sun X.Liu Z.Mi Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA

A high efficiency, high brightness, and robust micro or sub-microscale red light emitting diode(LED) is an essential, yet missing, component of the emerging virtual reality and future ultrahigh resolution mobile *** report, for the first time, to our knowledge, the demonstration of an N-polar In GaN/GaN nanowire submicroscale LED emitting in the red spectrum that can overcome the efficiency cliff of conventional red-emitting micro-LEDs. We show that the emission wavelengths of N-polar In GaN/GaN nanowires can be progressively shifted from yellow to orange and red, which is difficult to achieve for conventional In GaN quantum wells or Ga-polar nanowires. Significantly, the optical emission intensity can be enhanced by more than one order of magnitude by employing an in situ annealing process of the In GaN active region, suggesting significantly reduced defect formation. LEDs with lateral dimensions as small as ~0.75 μm, consisting of approximately five nanowires, were fabricated and characterized, which are the smallest red-emitting LEDs ever reported, to our knowledge. A maximum external quantum efficiency ~1.2% was measured, which is comparable to previously reported conventional quantum well micro-LEDs operating in this wavelength range, while our device sizes are nearly three to five orders of magnitude smaller in surface area.

关键词： InGaN/GaN emitting polar

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Feasibility and efficacy of gentamicin for treating neonatal sepsis in community-based settings:a systematic review

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第4期12卷 408-414页

作者： Nishant Jaiswal Meenu Singh Ritika Kondel Navjot Kaur Kiran K.Thumburu Ajay Kumar Harpreet Kaur Neelima Chadha Neeraj Gupta Amit Agarwal Samir malhotra Nusrat Shafiq ICMR Advanced Centre for Evidence Based Child Health Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia Department of Pharmacology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh160012India Department of Pediatrics Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia Dr.Tulsi Das Library Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia Department of Library University Business SchoolPunjab UniversityChandigarhIndia Department of Pediatrics AIIMSJodhpurRajasthanIndia

Background:Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of neonatal deaths in developing *** current recommended in-hospital treatment is parenteral ampicillin(or penicillin)and gentamicin in young infants for 10-14 days;however,very few could access and *** current review is to evaluate the feasibility of gentamicin in community based ***:Both observational and randomized controlled trials were ***,Embase,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Central Trial Register of India were searched until September *** assessed the risk of bias by Cochrane Collaboration’s"risk of bias"***:Two observational studies indicated feasibility ensuring coverage of population,decrease in case fatality rate in the group treated by community health *** an RCT,no significant difference was observed in the treatment failure rates[odds ratio(OR)=0.88],and the mortality in the first and second week(OR=1.53;OR=2.24)between gentamicin and ceftriaxone *** the gentamicin group,the combination of penicillin and gentamicin showed a lower rate of treatment failure(OR=0.44)and mortality at second week of life(OR=0.17)as compared to the combination of gentamicin and oral ***:Gentamicin for the treatment of neonatal sepsis is both feasible and effective in community-based settings and can be used as an alternative to the hospitalbased care in resource compromised *** there was less evidence in the management of neonatal sepsis in hospitals as was seen in this review in which we included only one RCT and three observational studies.

关键词： gentamicin neonatal sepsis neonates

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Autosegmentation of cardiac substructures in respiratory-gated,non-contrasted computed tomography images

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2021年第2期12卷 95-102页

作者： Mark Farrugia Han Yu Anurag K Singh Harish malhotra Department of Radiation Medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14203United States Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14203United States

BACKGROUND Radiation dose to specific cardiac substructures can have a significant on treatment related morbidity and mortality,yet definition of these structures is labor intensive and not *** software may potentially address these issues,however it is unclear whether this approach can be broadly applied across different treatment planning *** investigated the feasibility of autosegmentation of the cardiac substructures in four-dimensional(4D)computed tomography(CT),respiratory-gated,non-contrasted *** To determine whether autosegmentation can be successfully employed on 4DCT respiratory-gated,non-contrasted *** We included patients who underwent stereotactic body radiation therapy for inoperable,early-stage non-small cell lung cancer from 2007 to *** patients were simulated via 4DCT imaging with respiratory gating without intravenous *** structure quality was evaluated by degree of required manual edits and volume discrepancy between the autocontoured structures and its edited sister *** Initial 17-structure cardiac atlas was generated with 20 patients followed by three successive iterations of 10 patients using MIM *** great vessels and heart chambers were reliably autosegmented with most edits considered *** contrast,coronary arteries either failed to be autosegmented or the generated structures required major alterations necessitating deletion and manual ***,the generated mitral and tricuspid valves were poor whereas the aortic and pulmonary valves required at least minor and moderate changes *** the majority of subsites,the additional samples did not appear to substantially impact the quality of generated *** analysis between autosegmented and its manually edited sister structure yielded comparable findings to the physician-based assessment of structure *** The use of MIM software with 30-sample subj

关键词： Autosegmentation Autocontouring Lung cancer Radiation therapy Heart substructures Stereotactic body radiation therapy

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Identifying high-z AGNs with X-ray colors

Identifying high-z AGNs with X-ray colors

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中国天文学会星系分会2004年学术年会

作者： Sangeeta malhotra James Rhoads Colin Norman ApJ Letter submitted ApJ Letter submitted ApJ Letter submitted

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Mild oxidative stress is beneficial for sperm telomere length maintenance

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World Journal of Methodology 2016年第2期6卷 163-170页

作者： Swetasmita Mishra Rajeev Kumar Neena malhotra Neeta Singh Rima Dada Laboratory for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics Department of Anatomy All India Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Urology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology All India Institute of Medical Sciences

AIM:To evaluate telomere length in sperm DNA and its correlation with oxidative stress(normal,mild,severe).METHODS:The study included infertile men(n=112)and age matched fertile controls(n=102).The average telomere length from the sperm DNA was measured using a quantitative real time PCR based *** reactive oxygen species(ROS)and 8-Isoprostane(8-IP)levels were measured by chemiluminescence assay and ELISA ***:Average sperm telomere length in infertile men and controls was 0.609±0.15 and 0.789±0.060,respectively(P35 RLU/s/million sperm)average telomere length was decreased to 0.595±***:Mild oxidative stress results in lengthening of telomere length,but severe oxidative stress results in shorter *** telomere maintenance is a complex trait,the study shows that mild oxidative stress is beneficial in telomere length maintenance and thus a delicate balance needs to be established to maximize the beneficial effects of free radicals and prevent harmful effects of supra physiological *** molecular evaluation of telomere structure,its correlation with oxidative stress would aid in elucidating the cause of accelerated telomere length attrition.

关键词： Telomere Oxidative stress Reactive oxygen species Infertility 8-Isoprostane

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Identifying disparity in emergency department length of stay and admission likelihood

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2016年第2期7卷 111-116页

作者： Sean Wilson Sharmistha Dev Meredith Mahan Manu malhotra Joseph Miller Emergency Medicine University of California Emergency Medicine Henry Ford Hospital

BACKGROUND: To assess whether insurance status has an effect on emergency department(ED) length of stay(LOS) and likelihood for admission or transfer to an operating ***: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of all encounters from January 2011 through October 2013 at an urban, academic trauma center. Analysis included multi-variable linear regression for ED LOS and logistic regression for the likelihood of ***: Overall, 201 535 patients met the inclusion criteria, for which the mean age was 43.8 years, 55.9% were female, 23.4% were uninsured and 8% were of non-black race. Admission rate was 24.5% and operative rate was 1.4%. After adjusting for age, sex, triage acuity and race, the presence of insurance coverage was associated with an increased ED LOS of 575(95%CI 552–598) vs. 567(95%CI 543–591) minutes(P<0.01) among admitted patients and a decreased ED LOS of 456(95%CI 381–531) vs. 499(95%CI 423–575) minutes(P<0.01) among those transferred to an operating room. Adjusting for these same predictors, insured status remained a predictor for admission(odds ratio 1.24, 95%CI 1.20–1.28, P<0.01) and a negative predictor for transfer to the operating room(odds ratio 0.84, 95%CI 0.77–0.92, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The insured experienced a clinically insignificant increase in ED LOS when admitted and a 43-minute decrease in ED LOS when being transferred to the operating room. The insured were more likely to be admitted and less likely to be transferred to an operating room.

关键词： Emergency department Health disparities Racial disparities Insurance

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人胰岛素A链与B链基因的化学合成、克隆与表达

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 1997年第5期36卷 489-494页

作者：袁汉英闵永洁王启松 M.malhotra 复旦大学遗传学研究所上海200433 复旦大学 UNIDO.InternationalCentreforGeneticEngineeringandBoltechnology

采用大肠杆菌密码子，用化学法分别合成人胰岛素21个氨基酸的A链．30个氨基酸的B链，并在基因的5’端引入甲硫氨酸密码子．尾部加入终止密码，两端加入限制性内切酶．A链为83个核苷酸，B链为110个核苷酸，经纯化后的寡聚核苷酸进行酶促... 详细信息

采用大肠杆菌密码子，用化学法分别合成人胰岛素21个氨基酸的A链．30个氨基酸的B链，并在基因的5’端引入甲硫氨酸密码子．尾部加入终止密码，两端加入限制性内切酶．A链为83个核苷酸，B链为110个核苷酸，经纯化后的寡聚核苷酸进行酶促连接反应后，分别克隆了人胰岛素A链、B链基因．然后选用pL启动子，构建了以牛生长激素前134个氨基酸的大片段基因，分别与人胰岛素A链、B链基因的融合基因的表达质粒pLWYM－A、PLWYM－B转化大场杆菌BL21．表达受42℃温度调控．表达的融合蛋白按电泳扫描计算，可占细胞总蛋白的60％～80％．表达产物Westernblot呈阳性反应．

关键词：人胰岛素 B链基因基因表达 A链基因

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