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The Variscan Deformation Front (VDF) in Northwest Germany and Its Relation to a Network of Geological Features Including the Ore-Rich Harz Mountains and the European Alpine Belt

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International Journal of Geosciences 2021年第5期12卷 447-486页

作者： Heinz-Jürgen brink Institute of Geophysics University Hamburg Hamburg Germany

The crustal basement of Northwest Germany can be interpreted as an “Avalonian Terrane Assemblage” subdivided by a roughly NW-SE (Hercynian) and SW-NE (Rhenish) running horst and graben system. In Late Devonian and Early Carboniferous times, this assemblage was flooded by the sea and mainly marine carbonates were deposited on the horsts and Stillwater shales in the grabens, as interpretable through magnetotelluric measurements. During the Late Carboniferous Variscan Orogeny, this terrain became the coal-rich foreland of the colliding Rhenohercynian belt. The shale-filled grabens reacted through folding and thrusting with different anticlinal patterns, the main carbonate covered horst in a still unknown way. This horst was the location of the Late Carboniferous basin center and of the inverted oil-rich Mesozoic Lower Saxony Basin (southwestern sector), respectively, with the so-called Bramsche Massif therein. It probably acted as an indenter for the evolution of the Variscan ore-rich Harz Mountains and forced the approaching Rhenohercynian orogen to stack the appropriate tectonic nappes by horizontal shortening to very high altitudes and the root into large depths. Based on seismic evidence this root is still an uncompleted crust/mantle transition zone with a deep reflection seismic and petrological Moho and a shallower hardly reflecting refraction seismic velocity Moho. The alternative, partly unsolved location of the Variscan Deformation Front in Northwest Germany may represent the new findings. The results may be supported by a comparison with features of the northern Alpine deformation belt.

关键词： Variscan Deformation Front Eastern Avalonia Harz Mountains Lower Saxony Basin Bramsche Massif Lower Carboniferous Alpine Deformation Belt Moho Seismic Reflections/Refractions Magnetotellurics

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Do Near-Solar-System Supernovae Enhance Volcanic Activities on Earth and Neighbouring Planets on Their Paths through the Spiral Arms of the Milky Way, and What Might Be the Consequences for Estimations of Earth’s History and Predictions for Its Future?

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International Journal of Geosciences 2019年第5期10卷 563-575页

作者： Heinz-Juergen brink Institute of Geophysics University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany

Recent observations of young volcanism on the near-Earth terrestrial planets require a new understanding. Magmatic/volcanic episodes on Venus, Mars and Mercury, as well as on Earth’s Moon, are apparently contemporaneous thermal events that accompanied increased magmatic/volcanic activity on Earth, following a 300-Myr cycle. A collateral galactic thermal source in the Milky Way appears to be needed that would predominantly affect the interior of the planets and, perhaps indirectly, Earth’s biosphere, compared to other galactic sources, such as intense cosmic rays or large, rocky bolides. The search for such a source leads to near-Earth supernovae, with their neutrino output, and to the question of whether those neutrinos could act as energy transmitters to heat up the body of Earth, and also enhance its short-term magmatic processes;for example, Cenozoic anorogenic volcanism. This observation challenges present assumptions and paradigms about Earth’s history, and requires the following reconsiderations: 1) the real origin of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction;2) the general radioactive age determinations of rocks;and 3) geodynamic modelling using additional, external heat sources.

关键词： Synchronous Planetary Magmatism Galactic Heat Source Supernovae and White Dwarfs Neutrinos Mass Extinctions

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Different types of spin currents in the comprehensive materials database of nonmagnetic spin Hall effect

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1522-1528页

作者： Yang Zhang Qiunan Xu Klaus Koepernik Roman Rezaev Oleg Janson Jakub Železný Tomáš Jungwirth Claudia Felser Jeroen van den brink Yan Sun Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids 01187 DresdenGermany Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research 01069 DresdenGermany Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Institute of Physics Czech Academy of SciencesCukrovarnicka 1016200 Praha 6Czech Republic School of Physics and Astronomy University of NottinghamNG72RD NottinghamUnited Kingdom Center for Nanoscale Systems Faculty of Arts and SciencesHarvard University11 Oxford StreetLISE 308CambridgeMA 02138USA Institut fur Theoretische Physik and Wurzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat Dresden University of Technology01062 DresdenGermany

Spin Hall effect(SHE)has its special position in *** gain new insight into SHE and to identify materials with substantial spin Hall conductivity(SHC),we performed high-precision high-throughput ab initio calculations of the intrinsic SHC for over 20,000 nonmagnetic *** calculations revealed a strong relationship between the magnitude of the SHC and the crystalline symmetry,where a large SHC is typically associated with mirror symmetry-protected nodal line band *** database includes 11 materials with an SHC comparable to or even larger than that of *** with different types of spin currents were additionally ***,we found that different types of spin current can be obtained by rotating applied electrical *** improves our understanding and is expected to facilitate the design of new types of spin-orbitronic devices.

关键词： symmetry magnetic effect

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On the Relationship between the Evolution of Technological Firms and Their Knowledge Development Regimes

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China 2006年第4期4卷 289-298页

作者： brink Johan MCKELVEY Maureen Department of Technology Management and Economics Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden

Differences in knowledge regimes and growth dynamics amongst four ideal types of knowledge based firms are analyzed. Two aspects of technological knowledge, technological opportunity and appropriability are traditionally seen as vital to understand the incentives for research and development activities in firms. However, they do not fully define the technology regimes, when one asks how the knowledge based firm competes. Therefore, the dynamic nature of firm capabilities and knowledge development in terms of expansion and in terms of deepening are also discussed. These two additional aspects of knowledge implies that even if all firms in an industry can be considered to be knowledge intensive these firms do also differ. Using cases of entrepreneurial start-up firms in Sweden, we illustrate whether our conceptual ideas of knowledge development help us understand the diversity and contradictions of firm evolution. Our finding is that firm evolution and capability development is dependent upon both the potential for expanding knowledge, such as by innovations, and by deepening the understanding within established knowledge, such as by learning. This implies that the shaping of a science based industry must be seen in relation both to the value of current knowledge and capabilities together with the sometimes only limited and temporarily advantages of radical innovations.

关键词： knowledge regimes firm evolution bioscience technology development

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Periodic Signals of the Milky Way Concealed in Terrestrial Sedimentary Basin Fills and in Planetary Magmatism?

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第8期6卷 831-845页

作者： Heinz-Jürgen brink Institute of Geophysics University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany

Long periodic geodynamic processes with durations between 150 and 600 Million years appear to be in phase with similar galactic cycles, caused by the path of the solar system through the spiral arms of the Milky Way. This path is assumed by some authors to cause climate change due to cosmic ray fluctuations, affecting the cloud formation and the related albedo of the Earth, which periodically lead to glaciations every 150 Ma. With the glaciations, the sea level fluctuates accordingly. Subsequently, the varying sizes of shallow seas are causing periodic changes of the Moon’s?tidal dissipation, which affects presumably other geodynamic processes on the Earth. The Moon?may therefore synchronize directly or indirectly long periodic Phanerozoic cycles (sea level, orogeny, magmatism, sedimentation, etc.) with the Milky Way. As sea level fluctuations, orogeny, sedimentation and magmatism can be described as members of a geodynamic feedback system;no apparent reasons appear to be required to assign a cause of the cyclicity to agents outside of the?galactic-climatically synchronized Earth-Moon system. However, recent observations of young?volcanism on the near Earth terrestrial planets may require a new understanding. Magmatic/volcanic episodes on Venus, Mars and Mercury as well as on the Earth’s Moon are apparently contemporaneous thermal events accompanying increased magmatic/volcanic activities on the?Earth,?following a 300 myr cycle. Therefore, a collateral galactic thermal source within the Milky Way?appears to be needed that only affects the interior of the planets without any recognizable direct?effect on life and geology on the Earth. The search for such a source may lead to astrophysical?questions, related to a spiral arm affected distribution of dark energy, dark matter or even specific?neutrino sources. However, all possible astrophysical answers are outside of the author’s competence.

关键词： Milky Way Spiral Arms Planets Sea Level Magmatism Climate Change

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“谈判成功有利于经济进步”——专访加拿大农业专家Lars brink

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WTO经济导刊 2006年第6期 30-31页

作者：崔怡 Lars brink 商务部世贸司

在贸易谈判取得成功后,贸易壁垒减少,扭曲性的鼓励政策减少,不仅在中国是这样,在其他国家也是这样。总体来说,这将有利于成员取得经济进步。

关键词：经济进步贸易谈判农业专家成功加拿大贸易壁垒鼓励政策

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Caring about symptoms in person-centred care

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Open Journal of Nursing 2013年第8期3卷 563-567页

作者： Eva brink Carola Skott Department of Nursing Health and CultureUniversity WestTrollhattanSweden Institute of Health and Care Sciences University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Centre for Person-Centred Care(GPCC) University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden

In the present article, we emphasize the symptom experience perspective in person-centred care and discuss barriers to implementation of this approach. There are obstacles to overcome: the diversity of understandings of symptoms in clinical settings, the current biomedical discourse and the incompleteness of symptom research. Since the 19th century, the biomedical perspective has been powerful in conceptualizing symptoms in terms of pathology and diagnosis. Many diagnoses conjure up preconceived notions about the persons receiving them. This perspective may influence person-centred care negatively. Yet symptoms often mean something beyond the diagnosis. Recognizing this discrepancy, it is crucial that we consider a perspective that starts from each person’s symptom experience, thus complementing the biomedical perspective. Using the notion caring about symptoms, we advocate a person-centred approach that includes a symptom experience perspective. This requires health-care professionals to be skilled in listening to patient narratives and acquire knowledge about how symptom experiences can be individually expressed and interpreted. Listening to symptom experiences may give insights into the personal meaning of illness as well as information about bodily and social restrictions caused by symptom distress. In this way, caring about symptoms will improve the prerequisites for establishing person-centred care planning.

关键词： Biomedical Perspective Nursing Practice Patient-Centred Care Symptom Experience

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Three-dimensional modeling with national coverage:case of The Netherlands

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2013年第4期16卷 267-276页

作者： Jantien STOTER Linda van den brink Jakob BEETZ Hugo LEDOUX Marcel REUVERS Paul JANSSEN Friso PENNING George VOSSELMAN Sander OUDE ELBERINK Kadaster Hofstraat 1107311ApeldoornThe Netherlands OTB-Section GIS Technology)Delft University of Technology Jaffalaan 92600 AADelftKZThe Netherlands Geonovum Barchman Wuytierslaan 103818 LH AmersfoortThe Netherlands Department of the Built Environment Eindhoven University of TechnologyVRT 9.08Postbus 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands Department GeoInformation City of The HagueThe Netherlands Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation–ITC University of TwenteHengelosestraat 997514 AEEnschedeThe Netherlands

Three-dimensional technologies have matured over the *** the same time,3D information is becoming increasingly important in many *** it is not straightforward to apply the solutions that work on prototypes,small areas or for specific projects to 3D modeling of a whole *** the Netherlands,two initiatives are ongoing to address the issues of nation-wide 3D ***,the initiative that aims at establishing and implementing a national 3D standard for large-scale topography with support of all *** and maintaining the large-scale data are the responsibility of local governments(mainly municipalities).The second initiative is led by the Kadaster(the organization responsible for topographic mapping in the Netherlands)and aims at automatically generating a 3D version of the 1:10 k object-oriented data-set based on a smart combination of the two-dimensional data with high-resolution laser *** initiatives are presented in this paper including results,open issues,and future plans.

关键词： 3D modeling 3D standard country wide 3D mapping

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Paradigm Lost

Paradigm Lost

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北京论坛（2006）文明的和谐与共同繁荣—对人类文明方式的思考

作者： Chris brink University of Stellenbosch South Africa Vice-Chancellor & Rector

Higher Education in many parts of the world is influenced by the legacy of the Western and particularly the Anglo-Saxon ***,many of the senior academics of today grew up in the academic world of the 1960s-1980s,which inculcated a particular academic *** is important to understand,therefore,that the conditions pertaining to that period should be seen as a historical anomaly rather than a timeless paradigm.

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Optimizing Contrast Medium Delivery for Cardiac CT Angiography

Optimizing Contrast Medium Delivery for Cardiac CT Angiograp...

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中华医学会第十三届全国放射学大会

作者： James A.brink Yale University School of Medicine

Descending Aortic Enhancement I so-vs．L ow-Osmolar Contrast Proportional to osmolality Fluid shiftfrom extra to intravascular Warmth or discomfort from injection Risk of volume overload CM-induced hypotension More li...

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