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Endocrine and paracrine role of bile acids

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第37期14卷 5620-5629页

作者： Verena Keitel Ralf Kubitz dieter hussinger Clinic of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectiology Heinrich-Heine-UniversityMoorenstrasse 5 Dsseldorf D-40225 Germany

Bile acids are not only important for the absorption of dietary lipids and fat soluble vitamins but are signalling molecules with diverse endocrine and paracrine functions. Bile acids regulate bile acid, lipid and glucose metabolism and modulate temperature and energy homeostasis. Furthermore, bile acids can not only promote cell proliferation and liver regeneration but can also induce programmed cell death. Bile acid functions are mediated through different pathways which comprise the activation of nuclear hormone receptors, of intracefular kinases and of the plasma membranebound, G-protein coupled bile acid receptor TGRS/Gpbar-1.

关键词： Bile acids Farnesoid X receptor TGR5 Glucose metabolism Lipid metabolism

Dynamic stress concentration in an infinitely long cylindrical cavity due to a point spherical source embedded within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 139-156页

作者： h.hOSSEINI O.BALILAShAKI Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringGolestan University

The effects of a harmonically exciting monopole source on an infinitely long cylindrical cavity embedded entirely within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent are examined theoretically. It is assumed that the source is located outside the cavity at a specified distance from the borehole axis. The magnitudes of the hoop and radial stresses beside the pore pressures exerted on the interface and inside the porous medium surrounding the borehole are calculated and discussed. Biot's poroelastic modeling along with three types of boundary conditions for the cylindrical interface including the ideal fluid, empty borehole, and rigid inclusion with a hard boundary is employed for the analysis. Utilizing a proper translational addition theorem for expressing the incident spherical wave in terms of cylindrical wave expansions, the proposed boundary conditions at the interface are satisfied. Stresses are formulated by means of wave potential functions in a three-dimensional(3D) manner. The effects of the frequency and the radial distance between the source and borehole on the induced stresses are examined for the first cylindrical modes over frequency spectra. Two permeability conditions for the interface and three types of soils for the porous formation are considered throughout the analysis. To give an overall outline of the study, a numerical example is presented. The results clearly indicate that the distance is a key parameter and has considerable effects on the induced stress values. In addition, the interface permeability condition and soil characteristics play an important role in determining the dynamic response of the borehole. Finally,the obtained results are compared with the relevant analyses existing in the literature for some limit cases, and good agreement is achieved.

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Neuroinflammation as a therapeutic target in huntington's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 817-818页

作者： Andrea Kwakowsky Thulani h.Palpagama Center for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CentreUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

In 1872, George huntington presented his essay “On Chorea” to the Meigs and Mason Academy of Medicine and, in doing so, detailed a disease that would later bear his name. huntington's disease(hD) is a genetic, neurodegenerative disease that manifests as the loss of motor control,cognitive impairment,and mood and psychiatric changes in paents.

关键词： huntington inflammation Medicine

Glial response in the midcingulate cortex in huntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 207-208页

作者： Thulani h.Palpagama Andrea Kwakowsky Center for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CenterUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

huntington’s disease(hD)is a genetic disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of the striatum and *** can present with a variety of symptoms that can broadly be classified into motor symptoms,inclusive of choreatic movements and rigidity,mood and psychiatric symptoms,such as depression and apathy,and cognitive symptoms,such as cognitive *** causal mutation underlying hD results from an expansion of a CAG repeat sequence on the IT15 gene,resulting in the formation and accumulation of a mutant huntingtin protein.

关键词： huntington degeneration cortex

Designing a power plant with highest efficiency:results from SFB 561

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航空动力学报 2009年第4期24卷 717-728页

作者： dieter Bohn Institute of Steam and Gas Turbines RWTh Aachen University

The goal of Collaborative Research Centre(SFB) 561 "thermally highly loaded,porous and cooled multi-layer systems for combined cycle power plants" is to expand the current technological and scientific knowledge on power plants in order to achieve total efficiencies of 65% in a combined cycle power plant in the year ***,the aero-thermomechanical,structural-mechanical,materials' scientific and production fundamentals for the development of steam and gas turbine components that are able to withstand highest thermal loads are being worked out within this *** means for the gas turbine that combustion chamber outlet temperatures of 1520℃ at 1.7MPa are to be *** order to control these high temperatures,it is not only required to develop new materials' solutions,including thermal barrier coatings,but also to apply improved cooling techniques,as for example effusion *** novel cooling concept is to be realised through open-porous *** structures can consist of drilled open-porous multi-layer systems or open-porous metallic *** development of graded multi-layer systems is also extremely important,as the grading will enable the use of coolant in dependence of the *** live steam parameters in the high pressure turbine are expected to be increased up to approximately 700℃ with pressure of *** elevated steam parameters can be encountered with Ni-base alloys,but this is a costly alternative,associated with many manufacturing ***,the SFB proposes cooling the highly loaded turbines instead,as this would necessitate the application of far less Ni-base *** protect the thermally highly loaded casing,a sandwich material consisting of two thin face sheets with a core of a woven wire mesh is used to cover the walls of the steam turbine *** current state of the research shows that by utilising innovative cooling technologies a total efficiency of 65% can be reached without exceeding the m

关键词： gas turbine steam turbine cooling novel materials process calculation

hybrid system-a promising way solving future energy problems

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航空动力学报 2007年第4期22卷 565-576页

作者： dieter Bohn Institute of Steam and Gas Turbines RWTH Aachen University

With the increasing demand for electricity,an efficiency improvement and thereby reduced CO2 emissions of the power plants are expected in order to reach the goals set in the Kyoto *** comparison to conventional systems,the hybrid-systems with the use of synergetic effects offer the possibility to provide a substantial contribution to spare our natural resources and protect our *** Cycle Power Plants belongs innately hybrid system in the centralized energy *** can provide large amounts of power and have a quick start-up *** MGT/FC hybrid system is quite promising in the decentralized energy *** is widely used in stand-alone ***,the combination of fossil and renewable power plant technologies contains a large synergy potential to increase the efficiency of processes for power *** materials,innovative cooling technology,new combustion concepts and optimized production methods are needed to make the potential of these new technologies accessible for a quantum leap in the *** this it needs considerable research work and good coordinated research projects between the state,industry,research laboratories and universities.

关键词：航空推进系统混合燃料涡轮机能源

Does mesenchymal stem cell’s secretome affect spinal sensory circuits?Implication for pain therapies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 181-183页

作者： Francesco Ferrini Esri h.Juárez Adalberto Merighi Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinGrugliascoTOItaly Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience UniversitéLavalQuébec CityQCCanada

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are multipotent adult stem cells of mesodermal origin that can be isolated from various tissues,including bone marrow,tooth pulp,adipose tissue,and umbilical *** have gained significant attention in regenerative medicine due to their ability to modulate the immune system and favor tissue *** enrich the medium in which they are cultivated with a broad range of bioactive molecules,including growth factors,cytokines,chemokines,enzymes,nucleic acids,and extracellular vesicles that collectively compose the MSC *** increasing number of pre-clinical studies suggest that delivering in vivo an MSC-conditioned medium(i.e.,the medium collected from MSC cultures after at least 3 days of exposure)exerts neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of neurological conditions.

关键词： protective clinical collective

SEN virus does not affect treatment response in hepatitis C virus coinfected patients but SEN virus response depends on SEN virus DNA concentration

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第13期10卷 1893-1897页

作者： Abdurrahman Sagin Ortwin Adams OliverKirschberg AndreasErhardt Tobiasheintges dieter hussinger Klinik fr Gastroenterologie Hepatologie und InfektiologieUniversittsklinikum DsseldorfMoorenstr 540225 DsseldorfGermany Institut fr Virologie der heinrich-heine-Universitt Dsseldorf Moorenstr 540225 DsseldorfGermany

AIM: To clarify the effect of SEN virus (SENV) infection on a combination therapy including interferon alfa (IFN-α) or pegylated-IFN with ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis and the effect of a combination therapy on ***: SENV DNA was determined by polymerase chain reaction in serum samples from 95 patients with chronic hepatitis C. Quantitative analysis was done for SENV h ***: Twenty-one (22%) of 95 patients were positive for SENV DNA. There was no difference in clinical and biochemical parameters between patients with hCV infection alone and coinfected patients. The sustained response rate for hCV clearance after combination therapy did not differ between patients with SENV (52%) and without SENV(50%, n.s.). SENV DNA was undetectable in 76% of the initially SENV positive patients at the end of follow-up. SENV h response to combination therapy was significantly correlated with SENV DNA level (P=-0.05).CONCLUSION: SENV infection had no influence on the hCV sustained response rate to the combination *** rate of SENV to the combination therapy depends on SENV DNA level.

关键词： Adult Antiviral Agents DNA Virus Infections DNA Viruses purification DNA, Viral Drug Therapy, Combination Female hepacivirus hepatitis C, Chronic humans Interferon Alfa-2a Interferon-alpha Male Middle Aged Polyethylene Glycols Prevalence RNA, Viral Ribavirin

The Vγ4/butyrophilin conspiracy: novel role of intraepithelial γδ T cells in chronic inflammatory bowel disease

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第12期8卷 5575-5577页

作者： dieter Kabelitz Institute of Immunology Christian-Albrechts University Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus KielKielGermany

In a recent article published in Science,Dart and colleagues reported that colonic T cells expressing the Vγ4 T-cell receptor(TCR)interact with epithelial butyrophilin-like(BTNL)proteins BTNL3 and BTNL8 in healthy individuals,and they observed a depletion of Vγ4 T cells in inflammatory bowel diseases with renormalization associated with disease remission.1 This paper identifies the BTNL/Vγ4 axis as a new disease modifier in IBD.

关键词： bowel inflammatory diseases