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Stereotactic body radiotherapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 14-19页

作者： carolina de la Pinta Radiation Oncology department Ramón y Cajal University HospitalIRYCISAlcaláUniversity28034 MadridSpain

Background:Stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT)in pancreatic cancer allows high delivery of radiation doses on tumors without affecting surrounding *** review aimed at the SBRT application in the treatment of pancreatic *** sources:We retrieved articles published in MEDLINE/PubMed from January 2017 to December *** used in the search included:“pancreatic adenocarcinoma”OR“pancreatic cancer”AND“stereotactic ablative radiotherapy(SABR)”OR“stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT)”OR“chemoradiotherapy(CRT)”.English language articles with information on technical characteristics,doses and fractionation,indications,recurrence patterns,local control and toxicities of SBRT in pancreatic tumors were *** articles were assessed for validity and relevant ***:Optimal doses and fractionation have not yet been ***,SBRT could be the standard treatment in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma in addition to ***,the combination of SBRT with chemotherapy may have additive or synergic effect on pancreatic ***:SBRT is an effective modality for patients with pancreatic cancer,supported by clinical practice guidelines as it has demonstrated good tolerance and good disease *** opens a possibility of improving outcomes for these patients,both in neoadjuvant treatment and with radical intent.

关键词： Chemoradiotherapy Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Radiotherapy Stereotactic body radiotherapy Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy

Gene silencing:Double-stranded RNA mediated mRNA degradation and gene inactivation

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Cell Research 2001年第3期11卷 181-186页

作者： TANG WEI, XIAO YAN LUO, VANESSA SANMUELS north carolina State univer.ity, Forest Biotechnology Groap, Raleigh, NC 27695, usa univer.ity of north carolina, department of Cell and Developmental Biology, chapel hill, NC 27599, usa north carolina State univer.ity Forest Biotechnology Group Raleigh NC 27695 USA univer.ity of north carolina Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA

The recent development of gene transfer approaches in plants and animals has revealed that transgene can undergo silencing after integration in the genome. Host genes can also be silenced as a consequence of the presence of a homologous transgene. More and more investigations have demonstrated that double- stranded RNA can silence genes by triggering degradation of homologous RNA in the cytoplasm and by directing methylation of homologous nuclear DNA sequences. Analyses of Arabidopsis mutants and plant viral suppressors of silencing are unraveling RNA-silencing mechanisms and are assessing the role of methy- lation in transcriptional and posttranscriptional gene silencing. This review will focus on double-stranded RNA mediated mRNA degradation and gene inactivation in plants.

关键词： Gene silencing double-stranded RNA methylation homologous RNA transgene.

SHOCK INTERACTIONS IN NONEQUILIBIUM HYPERSONIC FLOW

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 1997年第4期15卷 345-364页

作者： Taehoon Park(department of Mathematics, The univer.ity of north carolina at chapel hill, usa)You-lan Zhu (department of Mathematics, The univer.ity of north carolina at Charlotte, usa)

A shock interaction problem is solved with finite difference methods for a hypersonic fiow of air with chemical reactions. If a body has two concave cornerst a secondary shock is formed in the shock layer and it meets the main shock *** the two shocks meet, the flow becomes singular at the interaction point, and a new main shock, a contact discontinuity and an expansion wave appear as a result of interaction between the two shocks. Therefore, the problem is very *** proper combinations of implicit and explicit finite difference schemes according to the property of the equations and the boundary conditions, we compute the fiow behind the interaction point successfully.

关键词： Flow Chen SHOCK INTERACTIONS IN NONEQUILIBIUM HYPERSONIC FLOW As

Carbon stock estimation in halophytic wooded savannas of Uruguay:An ecosystem approach

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 580-589页

作者： Andres Baietto Andres Hirigoyen carolina Toranza Franco Schinato Maximiliano Gonzalez Rafael Navarro Cerrillo Forest department Faculty of AgronomyUniversity of the RepublicMontevideoPO 12900Uruguay National Research Program of Forest Production National Agriculture Research InstituteTacuaremboPO 97000Uruguay Soil and Water department Faculty of AgronomyUniversity of the RepublicMontevideoPO 12900Uruguay department of Forestry Engineering University of CordobaCordobaPO 14014Spain

Savannas constitute a mixture of trees and shrub patches with a more continuous herbaceous *** contribution of this biome to the soil organic carbon(SOC)and above-ground biomass(AGB)carbon(C)stock globally is ***,they are frequently subjected to land use changes,promoting increases in CO_(2) *** Uruguay,subtropical wooded savannas cover around 100,000 ha,of which approximately 28%is circumscribed to sodic soils(i.e.,subtropical halophytic wooded savannas).Nevertheless,there is little background about the contribution of each ecosystem component to the C stock as well as site-specific allometric *** study was conducted in 5 ha of subtropical halophytic wooded savannas of the national protected area Esteros y Algarrobales del Rio *** work aimed to estimate the contribution of the main ecosystem components(e.g.,soil,trees,shrubs,and herbaceous plants)to the C ***-specific allometric equations for the most frequent tree species and shrub genus were fitted based on basal diameter(BD)and total height(H).The fitted equations accounted for between 77%and 98%of the aerial biomass variance of Netuma affinis and Vachellia *** shrubs(Baccharis sp.),the adjusted equation accounted for 86%of total aerial biomass.C stock for the entire system was 116.71±11.07 Mg·ha^(-1),of which 90.7%was allocated in the soil,8.3%in the trees,0.8%in the herbaceous plants,and 0.2%in the *** results highlight the importance of subtropical halophytic wooded savannas as C sinks and their relevance in the mitigation of global warming under a climate change scenario.

关键词： Carbon stock Climate change Biomass modeling Sodic soils

Molecularly engineered lignin to polyphenol via organocatalysis as an active sunscreen ingredient

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第2期9卷 197-210页

作者： Yuanlong Guo Pengcheng Liu Lei Deng Changwei Lui Michael north Gang Hu Qitian Huang Zongbao Kent Zhao Haibo Xie department of Polymeric Materials&Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China KZJ New Materials Group Guizhou Co.Ltd. Guizhou 551200China Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkYork YO105DDUK Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Phenolation is one of the effective strategies to synthesize lignin-based polyphenols,improve lignin’s properties,and extend its value-added applications in biological,medicinal and cosmetic ***,by taking the structural feature advantage of lignin,an effective and green strategy was developed to molecularly engineer lignin into a robust lignin-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propionate ester(LPPE)derivative via a transesterification reaction between 3,4-dihydrocoumarin(DHC)and the aliphatic hydroxyls in lignin under *** strategy is optimized and the novel derivative was systematically characterized by ^(1)H,^(13)C and ^(31)P nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)*** findings indicated that the successful introduction of 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propionate groups using a OH groups/DHC/organic base mo-lar ratio of 1꞉1꞉0.3 at 120℃ for 6 h increased the content of phenolic hydroxyl groups from 1.7931 to 3.0179 mmol/g,and the LPPE exhibited excellent ultraviolet-absorbing and antioxidant per-formance with up to 90%free radical scavenging activity within 20 min using 5 mg/mL of *** addition,good biocompatibility and a high Sun protection factor(SPF)value of 40.9 were achieved at 5%(w)dosage of LPPE in the cream,indicating its significant application potential in sunscreen.

关键词： Phenolation of lignin Organocatalysis 3,4-dihydrocoumarin Antioxidant Sunscreen cream

Signal transduction mediated by Bid, a pro-death Bcl-2 family proteins, connects the death receptor and mitochondria apoptosis pathways

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Cell Research 2000年第3期10卷 161-167页

作者： YIN XIAO-MING (department of Pathology, univer.ity of Pittsburgh school of medicine, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, usa) departmentofPathology UniversityofPittsburghSchoolofMedicinePA15261USA.xmyin@pitt.edu

Two major apoptosis pathways have been defined in mammalian cells, the Fas/TNF-R1 death receptor pathway and the mitochondria pathway. The Bcl-2 family proteins consist of both anti-apoptosis and pro- apoptosis members that regulate apoptosis, mainly by controlling the release of cytochrome c and other mitochondrial apoptotic events. However, death signals mediated by Fas/TNF-R1 receptors can usually activate caspases directly, bypassing the need for mitochondria and escaping the regulation by Bcl-2 family proteins. Bid is a novel pro-apoptosis Bcl-2 family protein that is activated by caspase 8 in response to Fas/TNF-R1 death receptor signals. Activated Bid is translocated to mitochondria and induces cytochrome c release, which in turn activates downstream caspases. Such a connection between the two apoptosis pathways could be important for induction of apoptosis in certain types of cells and responsible for the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases.

关键词： Apoptosis Bcl-2 family proteins Bid Fas TNF.

Engineering Band Gap and Energy Levels of Conjugated Polymers for Organic Solar Cells:A Case Study of Benzodithiophene Based Polymers

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Engineering Band Gap and Energy Levels of Conjugated Polymer...

Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Human Homeobox Gene Nkx3.1 Promoter

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作者： You Wei~* (department of Chemistry,univer.ity of north carolina at chapel hill,chapel hill,north carolina 27599-3290,usa) department of Chemistry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina 27599-3290 USA

The bulk heterojunction(BHJ) organic photovoltaic cells of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene)(RR-P3HT) and[6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester(PCBM) represent one of the most successful systems with reproducible efficiencies approaching 5%after careful ***,with a fixed bandgap of 1.9 eV, P3HT can only harvest a small portion of the solar spectrum(maximum 22.4%).In recent years,low bandgap

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2004年第1期36卷 64-67页

作者： An-Li JIANG, Jian-Ye ZHANG, Charles YOUNG, Xiao-Yan HU, Yong-Mei WANG, Zhi-Fang LIU, and Mei-Lan HAO ( department of biochemistry, school of medicine, Shandong univer.ity, Ji'nan 250012, China ' department of Urology Research, Mayo Clinic ) Present address: department of biochemistry, Health school of Ji'nan department of biochemistry School of medicine Shandong University Ji'nan 250012 China

Nkx3.l is a prostate-specific homeobox gene related strongly to prostate development and prostate cancer. To study its regulation of transcription, 1.06 kb 5' flanking region of Nkx3.1 gene and its 5' deletion mutants (861, 617, 417 and 238 bp) were obtained by PCR and cloned into pGL3-basic, a promoter-less luciferase reporter vector, to examine their promoter activities driving the reporter gene transcription. pRL-TK, a Renilla luciferase reporter vector was used as internal control, and pGL3-control and pGL3-basic were used as positive and negative control respectively. The promoter activities were determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay 48 h after pGL3 constructs were cotransfected with pRL-TK into prostate cancer cell LNCaP. The results showed that dual-luciferase reporter assay (M1/M2) of pGL3-1.06 kb cotransfection with pRL-TK was 2.7, which was about 1.5-fold higher than that of pGL3-control cotrans-fection with pRL-TK and 50-fold higher than that of pGL3-basic cotransfection with pRL-TK. T

关键词： homeobox gene Nkx3.1 promoter deletion mutagenesis LNCaP cell line

Increasing dietary fiber intake for type 2 diabetes mellitus management: A systematic review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 1001-1010页

作者： Douglas Nitzke Juliana Czermainski carolina Rosa Chaline Coghetto Sabrina Alves Fernandes Randhall B Carteri department of Nutrition Centro Universitário CESUCACachoeirinha 94935-630Brazil department of Hepatology Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90430-080Brazil Postgraduate Program in Hepatology Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Postgraduate Program in Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre(UFCSPA)Porto Alegre 90050-170Brazil

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is a chronic,non-communicable disease with a substantial global impact,affecting a significant number of *** etiology is closely tied to imbalanced dietary practices and sedentary ***,increasing die-tary fiber(DF)intake has consistently demonstrated health benefits in numerous studies,including improvements in glycemic control and weight *** To investigate the efficacy of DF interventions in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the association between DF intake and the management of *** the inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of 26 studies were included in this *** The main strategies implied to increased DF intake were:High DF diet plus acarbose(2 studies);DF supplements(14 studies);and high DF diets(10 studies).Overall,most studies indicated that increased DF intake resulted in im-provements in glycemic control and weight management in T2DM *** DF represents a valuable strategy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes,improving health *** intake offers the potential to improve quality of life and reduce complications and mortality associated with ***,through supplements or enriched foods,DF contributes significantly to the control of several markers such as HbA1c,blood glucose,triglycerides,low-density lipoprotein,and body weight.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Soluble fibers Insoluble fibers Probiotics Blood glucose Nutrition