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Distinguishing normal brain aging from the development of Alzheimer＇s disease：inflammation,insulin signaling and cognition

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第10期13卷 1719-1730页

作者： Paul denver Paula L.McClean Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System West Los Angeles Medical Center and Department of NeurologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Centre for Molecular Biosciences University of UlsterColeraine Northern Ireland UK Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine ClinicalTranslational and Research Innovation Centre (C-TRIC)University of UlsterDerry/Londonderry Northern Ireland UK

As populations age, prevalence of Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） is rising. Over 100 years of research has provided valuable insights into the pathophysiology of the disease, for which age is the principal risk factor. However, in recent years, a multitude of clinical trial failures has led to pharmaceutical corporations becoming more and more unwilling to support drug development in AD. It is possible that dependence on the amyloid cascade hypothesis as a guide for preclinical research and drug discovery is part of the problem. Accumulating evidence suggests that amyloid plaques and tau tangles are evident in non-demented individuals and that reducing or clearing these lesions does not always result in clinical improvement. Normal aging is associated with pathologies and cognitive decline that are similar to those observed in AD, making differentiation of AD-related cognitive decline and neuropathology challenging. In this mini-review, we discuss the difficulties with discerning normal, age-related cognitive decline with that related to AD. We also discuss some neuropathological features of AD and aging, including amyloid and tau pathology, synapse loss, inflammation and insulin signaling in the brain, with a view to highlighting cognitive or neuropathological markers that distinguish AD from normal aging. It is hoped that this review will help to bolster future preclinical research and support the development of clinical tools and therapeutics for AD.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease aging inflammation cognitive function spatial learning insulin signaling synapses cytokines

Psychosocial factors and their association with reflux oesophagitis,Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第11期19卷 1770-1777页

作者： Paul denver Michael Donnelly Liam J Murray Lesley A Anderson Centre for Public Health Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT12 6BJNorthern IrelandUnited Kingdom

AIM:To investigate the role of psychological characteristics as risk factors for oesophageal adenocarcinoma(OAC),as well as the reflux-mediated precursor ***:An all-Ireland population-based case-control study recruited 230 reflux oesophagitis(RO),224 Barrett's oesophagus(BO) and 227 OAC patients and 260 *** case/control group completed measures of stress,depression,self-efficacy,self-esteem,repression and social support.A comparative analysis was undertaken using polytomous logistic regression adjusted for potential ***:Compared to controls,OAC patients were almost half as likely to report high stress levels over their lifetime(P = 0.010,OR 0.51;95%CI:0.29-0.90)and 36% less likely to report having experienced depression(OR 0.64;95%CI:0.42-0.98).RO patients reported significantly higher stress than controls particularly during middle-and senior-years(P for trends < 0.001).RO patients were 37% less likely to report having been highly emotionally repressed(OR 0.63;95%CI:0.41-0.95).All case groups(OAC,RO and BO) were more likely than controls to report having had substantial amounts of social support(OR 2.84;95%CI:1.63-4.97;OR 1.97;95%CI:1.13-3.44 and OR 1.83;95%CI:1.03-3.24,respectively).CONCLUSION:The improved psychological profile of OAC patients may be explained by response *** role of psychological factors in the development of OAC requires further investigation.

关键词： Reflux oesophagitis Barrett’s oesophagus Oesophageal adenocarcinoma Adjustment Psychological Psychosocial factors

Different Performances of H_2O_2 to Oxidise Aldicarb and Hexazinone in the Advanced Oxidation Process of Ozone/Hydrogen Peroxide

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2014年第3期31卷 348-353页

作者：冉治霖孙楚李绍峰 CRAIG denver Williams TREVOR John Hocking School of Transportation and Environment Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural University Shenzhen Key Lab of Industrial Water Saving&Municipal Sewage Reclamation Technology Shenzhen Polytechnic Institute School of Applied Science University of WolverhamptonWolverhampton WV1 1LYUK

The degradations of hexazinone and aldicarb by direct ozonation combined an advanced oxidation process( AOP) of O3/H2O2 were investigated in this study focusing on the oxidation mechanism by identifying the hydrogen peroxide consumption during the oxidation process of the two chemicals. The results showed that H2O2 could enhance the removal rate of the triazine herbicide hexazinone,and it was consumed along with the variation of removal rate in the light of different pH levels. The addition of H2O2 contributed little to the removal of the thiocarbamate herbicide aldicarb and H2O2 content kept constantly throughout the degradation process. Tert-butyl alcohol( TBA) effectively scavenged the ·OH radical for hexazinone,but had no effect on the removal rate of aldicarb. Aldicarb removal was mainly attributed to direct ozonation molecule in both O3( 97.00%) and O3/H2O2( 96.76%)systems. Moreover,sole O3 could hardly oxidize hexazinone whereas·OH radicals contribute respective 74.70% and 97.50% of removal in O3 system and O3/H2O2 AOP. All of these findings suggest that the mechanism of ·OH radical generation and the chain reaction in O3/H2O2 AOP should be further discussed.

关键词： hexazinone aldicarb O3/H2O2 direct and indirect oxidation H2O2consumption

Inactivation of Cryptosporidium by ozone and cell ultrastructures

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第12期22卷 1954-1959页

作者： Zhilin Ran Shaofeng Li Junli Huang Yixing Yuan Chongwei Cui Craig denver Williams School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China Department of Building & Environmental Engineering Shenzhen Polytechnic Institute Shenzhen 518055 China School of Applied Science University of Wolverhampton Wolverhampton WV1 1LY UK

The fluorescence staining method and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） were used to study the effect of ozone （O3） inactivating Cryptosporidium in water and cell ultrastructures variation to shed light on the mechanism of inactivation preliminarily. Results indicated that O3 had a stronger inactivating capability. When the concentration of O3 was above 3.0 mg/L and the contact time was up to 7 min, a significant inactivating effect could be achieved. The turbidity on inactivation effects was also found to be statistically significant in artificial water. With increases in turbidity, the inactivating effect decreased. Inactivation rate improved with a temperature increase from 5 to 25℃, but decreased beyond this. The inactivating capability of O3 was found to be stronger under acidic than that under alkalic conditions. When the concentration of organic matter in the reaction system was increased, the competition between Cryptosporidium and organics with O3 probably took place, thereby reducing the inactivation rate. In addition, the cellular morphology of Cryptosporidium varied with different contact times. At zero contact time, cells were rotundity and sphericity, at 60 sec they became folded, underwent emboly, and burst at 480 sec, the cell membrane of Cryptosporidium shrinked and collapsed completely.

关键词： ozone inactivation Cryptosporidium ultrastructures

In situ biosynthesized silver nanoparticle-incorporated synthesized zeolite A using Orthosiphon aristatus extract for in vitro antibacterial wound healing

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Particuology 2022年第8期20卷 27-34页

作者： Muhammad Hariz Asraf Nor Suriani Sani Craig denver Williams Khairunadwa Jemon Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Maliek Department of Biosciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 SkudaiJohorMalaysia Office of Deputy Vice Chancellor(Research and Innovation) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM SkudaiJohorMalaysia University of Wolverhampton Wulfuna StreetWolverhampton WV11SBEnglandUK Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials(CSNano) Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research(ISI-SIR).Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 SkudaiJohorMalaysia

The capability of synthesized zeolite A(SZ)to immobilize Ag ions(Ag-SZ)and Ag nanoparticles(AgNp-SZ)were comparatively studied.A novel approach of in situ biosynthesized AgNP-incorporated synthesized zeolite A(AgNp-SZ)was synthesized at an optimum volume of 0.4mL of the Orthosiphon aristatus(***)leaves plant extract(5%)using an in situ *** comparison,Ag-Sz was produced by loading the synthesized zeolite with Ag *** synthesized materials were characterized for their morphologies and *** characterization analysesvalidate thathe biosynthesized AgNP(<100 nm)using *** leaves extract was incorporated into the zeolite *** antibacterial testing confirmed that these materials have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coliATCC11229 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC ***/MBC analysis demonstrated that in 0.9%saline solution,AgNP-SZ had higher antibacterial activity than *** in vitro cell viability and migration assays were further examined towards human skin fibroblast cells HSF *** show that the materials are not cytotoxicto HSF1184,and the biosynthesized AgNP-SZ promotes cell migration and proliferation higher than *** research proved that the biocompatible antibacterial wound healing agent of AgNP-SZ can be synthesized using an in situ approach where the reduction process of Ag ions in the zeolite Acan be performed using plant extract.

关键词： Zeolite Orthosiphon aristatus Biosynthesis Silver nanoparticles Antibacterial In vitro wound healing

Ultraviolet B radiation-mediated stress ethylene emission from rice plants is regulated by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase-producing bacteria

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Pedosphere 2022年第2期32卷 364-368页

作者： Jeongyun CHOI Aritra ROY CHOUDHURY Myung-Min OH denver I.WALITANG Tongmin SA Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644Republic of Korea Bio-Evaluation Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyCheongju 28116Republic of Korea Devision of Animal Horticultural and Food SciencesChungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644Republic of Korea Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health IndustryChungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644Republic of Korea College of Agriculture Fisheries and ForestryRomblon State University Romblon 5505Philippines The Korean Academy of Science and Technology Seongnam 13630Republic of Korea

Dear Editor,Industrial emissions have played a major role in damaging the ozone layer,leading to increased atmospheric penetration of ultraviolet B (UV-B)(290–320 nm) radiation (Jordan,2002).The recovery rate of the damaged ozone layer in the mid-latitudes and tropics has been insignificant since 1979(Chipperfield et al.,2017),even after the adoption of the Montreal Protocol (Protocol,1987),and the recovery process is expected to take many *** the meantime,UV-B radiation continues to penetrate the atmosphere (McKenzie et al.,2011;Bais et al.,2019).The characteristic short length and high energy of this radiation wavelength can directly affect major molecules,such as DNA,proteins,and lipids,which are important to living beings (Hideg et al.,2013).Rice is one of the major global crops,which is generally cultivated at lower latitudes and can potentially be exposed to a higher flux of UV radiation due to greater solar angles and longer duration of sunlight (Kataria and Guruprasad,2012).

关键词： crops ozone latitude

Clinical significance of serum expression of GROβ in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第21期17卷 2658-2662页

作者： Qiao-Mei Dong Jin-Qiang Zhang Qian Li Jacqueline C Bracher denver T Hendricks Xiao-Hang Zhao State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology Cancer Institute and Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021 China Center of Basic Medical Sciences Navy General Hospital Beijing 100048 China Division of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town Cape Town 7925 South Africa

AIM:To determine the association between serum levels of growth-related gene product β(GROβ) and clinical parameters in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).METHODS:Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,serum GROβ levels were measured in ESCC patients(n = 72) and healthy volunteers(n = 83).The association between serum levels of GROβ and clinical parameters of ESCC was analyzed ***:The serum GROβ levels were much higher in ESCC patients than in healthy controls(median:645 ng/L vs 269 ng/L,P < 0.05).Serum GROβ levels were correlated positively with tumor size,lymph node metastasis,and tumor-node-metastasis(TNM) staging,but not with gender or the histological grade of tumors in ESCC *** sensitivity and specificity of the assay for serum GROβ were 73.61% and 56.63%,***:GROβ may function as an oncogene product and contribute to tumorigenesis and metastasis of ESCC.

关键词： GROβ Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Metastasis Cytokine Tumor markers

Fresnel incoherent correlation holography with single camera shot

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2020年第8期3卷 12-22页

作者： Anand Vijayakumar Tomas Katkus Stefan Lundgaard denver P.Linklater Elena P.Ivanova Soon Hock Ng Saulius Juodkazis Optical Sciences Centre and ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials(SEAM) School of ScienceSwinburne University of TechnologyHawthorn 3122Australia Department of Physics Royal Melbourne Institute of TechnologyGPO Box 2476Melbourne 3001Australia Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication Australian National Fabrication Facility151 Wellington RoadClaytonVIC 3168Australia Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative(WRHI) School of Materials and Chemical TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology2-12-1OokayamaMeguro-kuTokyo 152-8550Japan

Fresnel incoherent correlation holography(FINCH)is a self-interference based super-resolution three-dimensional imaging *** in inline configuration requires an active phase modulator to record at least three phase-shifted camera shots to reconstruct objects without twin image and bias *** this study,FINCH is realized using a randomly multiplexed bifocal binary diffractive Fresnel zone lenses fabricated using electron beam *** object space is calibrated by axially scanning a point object along the optical axis and recording the corresponding point spread holograms(PSHs).An object is mounted within the calibrated object space,and the object hologram was recorded under identical experimental conditions used for recording the *** image of the object at different depths was reconstructed by a cross-correlation between the object hologram and the *** potential including bio-medical optics is discussed.

关键词： imaging holography correlation three-dimensional imaging diffractive optics

Anisotropic Damage Mechanics Modeling of Concrete under Biaxial Fatigue Loading

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2015年第1期5卷 8-16页

作者： Ashkan Saboori Siamak Yazdani denver Tolliver Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA

An anisotropic damage mechanics model is presented to describe the behavior and failure of concrete under biaxial fatigue loading. Utilizing the approach of bounding surfaces, the limit surface becomes a special case when the number of loading cycles is set to one. By increasing the number of loading cycles, the strength of concrete gradually decreases and the limit surface is allowed to contract and form new curves representing residual strengths. The magnitude of loading, load range, and the load path are known to influence the fatigue life and hence are addressed in this formulation. In this paper, a strength softening function is proposed in order to address the reduction in the strength of concrete due to fatigue. Separate softening functions are also proposed to account for the deformation characteristics in concrete under cyclic loading. Numerical simulations predicted by the model in both uniaxial and biaxial stress paths show a good correlation with the experimental data available in the literature.

关键词： Biaxial Fatigue Bounding Surface Concrete Damage Mechanics Stress-Strain