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A detailed comparison of the composition of(RE)-Ba-cu-O-Ag bulk superconductors

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 87-94页

作者： J.V.J.congreve y.Shi A.R.dennis H.Druiff N.c.Tutt D.A.cardwell J.H.Durrell Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridgeUK

The homogeneity of the microstructure and composition are critical in determining the properties of rare earthbarium‐cuprate,single grain bulk superconductors[(RE)BcO].The magnitude of the trapped magnetic field achieveable in these technologically important materials,in particular,is influenced heavily by the size and distribution of(RE)_(2)BacuO_(x)(RE‐211)flux pinning inclusions in the bulk microstructure,whereas the size and distribution of silver agglomerates present within the bulk superconducting matrix correlate directly with improved mechanical *** careful engineering,these materials have significant potential for application in range of devices related to energy storage,medicine,electro‐magnetic machinery and microelectronic *** of(RE)BcO bulk superconductors typically involves heating a powder compact above its peritectic decomposition temperature followed by slow cooling to facilitate the growth of a single ***(RE)BcO composition has a different peritectic temperature and growth rate,which,therefore,necessitates different requirements in the heating *** fabrication temperature and growth rate,for example,may have an effect on the RE‐211 and silver distribution,which may,in turn,affect the superconducting properties of the resulting single *** this work we compare the distributions of silver and RE‐211 in the single grain microstructures of yBcOAg,GdBcO‐Ag,EuBcO‐Ag and SmBcO‐Ag bulk superconductors using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray *** observe that the distributions are very similar along both the a/b‐axis and c‐axis of these *** suggests that factors other than the maximum temperature used to achieve peritectic decomposition and the rate of single grain growth are particularly influential in determining the properties of the as‐processed samples in the top seeded melt growth *** observation demonstrates there is freedom to us

关键词： yBcO‐Ag GdBcO‐Ag SmBcO‐Ag EuBcO‐Ag composition Bulk superconductor

Quality of life after laparoscopic vs open sphincter-preserving resection for rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第29期19卷 4764-4773页

作者： Simon Siu-Man Ng Wing-Wa leung cherry yee-Ni Wong Sophie Sok-Fei Hon Tony Wing-chung Mak dennis Kwokyu Ngo Janet Fung-yee Lee Division for colorectal Surgery Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital

AIM: To compare quality of life (QoL) outcomes in chinese patients after curative laparoscopic vs open surgery for rectal cancer. METHODS: Eligible chinese patients with rectal cancer undergoing curative laparoscopic or open sphincterpreserving resection between July 2006 and July 2008 were enrolled in this prospective study. The QoL outcomes were assessed longitudinally using the validated chinese versions of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of cancer QLQ-c30 and QLQcR38 questionnaires before surgery and at 4, 8, and 12 mo after surgery. The QoL scores at the different time points were compared between the laparoscopic and open groups. A higher score on a functional scale indicated better functioning, whereas a higher score on a symptom scale indicated a higher degree of ***: Seventy-four patients (49 laparoscopic and 25 open) were enrolled. The two groups of patients were comparable in terms of sociodemographic data, types of surgery, tumor staging, and baseline mean QoL scores. There was no significant decrease from baseline in global QoL for the laparoscopic group at different time points, whereas the global QoL was worse compared to baseline beginning at 4 mo but returned to baseline by 12 mo for the open group (P = 0.019, Friedman test). compared to the open group, the laparoscopic group had significantly better physical (89.9±1.4 vs 79.2±3.7, P = 0.016), role (85.0±3.4 vs 63.3±6.9, P = 0.005), and cognitive (73.5±3.4 vs 50.7±6.2, P = 0.002) functioning at 8 mo, fewer micturition problems at 4-8 mo (4 mo: 32.3±4.7 vs 54.7±7.1, P = 0.011; 8 mo: 22.8±4.0 vs 40.7±6.9, P = 0.020), and fewer male sexual problems from 8 mo onward (20.0±8.5 vs 76.7±14.5, P = 0.013). At 12 mo after surgery, no significant differences were observed in any functional or symptom scale between the two groups, with the exception of male sexual problems, which remained worse in the open group (29.2±11.3 vs 80.0±9.7, P = 0.026). cONcLUSION: Laparoscopic sphin

关键词： Quality of life Rectal cancer Laparoscopic surgery Sphincter-preserving surgery European Organization for Research and Treatment of cancer QLQ-c30 European Organization for Research and Treatment of cancer QLQ-cR38

Routing with cooperative Nodes Using Improved Learning Approaches

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Intelligent Automation & Soft computing 2023年第3期35卷 2857-2874页

作者： R.Raja N.Satheesh J.Britto dennis c.Raghavendra Department of cSIT CVR College of EngineeringTelanganaIndia Department of computer Science and Engineering St.Martin’s Engineering CollegeSecunderabadTelanganaIndia Department of computer Science and Engineering Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan UniversityTrichyTamilnaduIndia cSIT Department CVR College of EngineeringHyderabadIndia

In IoT,routing among the cooperative nodes plays an incredible role in fulﬁlling the network requirements and enhancing system *** eva-luation of optimal routing and related routing parameters over the deployed net-work environment is *** research concentrates on modelling a memory-based routing model with Stacked Long Short Term Memory(s-LSTM)and Bi-directional Long Short Term Memory(b-LSTM).It is used to hold the routing information and random routing to attain superior *** pro-posed model is trained based on the searching and detection mechanisms to com-pute the packet delivery ratio(PDR),end-to-end(E2E)delay,throughput,*** anticipated s-LSTM and b-LSTM model intends to ensure Quality of Service(QoS)even in changing network *** performance of the proposed b-LSTM and s-LSTM is measured by comparing the signiﬁcance of the model with various prevailing ***,the performance is measured with Mean Absolute Error(MAE)and Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)for mea-suring the error rate of the *** prediction of error rate is made with Learn-ing-based Stochastic Gradient Descent(L-SGD).This gradual gradient descent intends to predict the maximal or minimal error through successive *** simulation is performed in a MATLAB 2020a environment,and the model performance is evaluated with diverse *** anticipated model intends to give superior performance in contrast to prevailing approaches.

关键词： Internet of Things(IoT) stacked long short term memory bi-directional long short term memory error rate stochastic gradient descent

Performance evaluation of a water erosion tracer using plot-scale experiments and process-based modeling

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International Soil and Water conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 622-632页

作者： João M.Villela Jamil A.A.Anache Alex M.Watanabe dennis c.Flanagan Edson c.Wendland Silvio crestana EMBRAPA-Brazilian Agricultural Research corporation LNNA-National Laboratory of Nanotechnology for AgrobusinessSt.XV de NovembroSão CarlosSP13560-970Brazil University of São Paulo(USP) São Carlos School of Engineering.Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering Sciences(PPG-SEA)Av.Trabalhador São-CarlenseCxP.359São CarlosSP13566590Brazil Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation São Carlos School of Engineering(EESC)University of São Paulo(USP)CxP.359São CarlosSP13566-590Brazil Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul CxP.549Campo Grande.MS.79070-900Brazil USDA-Agricultural Research Service National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory275 S.Russell StWest LafayetteIN47907USA

Socioeconomic and environmental losses caused by water erosion have highlighted the importance of quantifying and understanding the dynamics of soil redistribution in the landscape to develop effective soil management *** methods are applied to estimate erosion/deposition rates and identify sources of sediments,among them,the one that uses rare earth elements(REE)as a tracer stands ***,an alternative not yet explored that can benefit the accuracy of the estimates provided by the method is using a tracer containing a chemical signature composed of more than one *** present study aimed to evaluate the performance of a new water erosion tracer based on montmoril-lonite labeled with rare earth elements(La40-MMT).The innovative aspects of this La40-MMT tracer include its highly stable multi-chemical signature(Nd^(3+),La^(3+),and Pr^(3+)),which enhances tracer detection in the environment,and its low production cost due to the use of an industrial residue in the synthesis *** tracer was evaluated for a typical soil of the cerrado biome,using a natural rainfall field-scale plot-NRFP(5 m × 20 m)and a physical predictive erosion model(WEPP).The results showed that the La40-MMT tracer could be used to estimate erosion/deposition rates,with agreement between the values observed with the tracer and the WEPP ***,this study confirmed the great potential of La40-MMT as a tool to identify patterns of soil redistribution at the field scale and aid in the validation of erosion models.

关键词： Soil erosion Tracer Rare earth elements Deposition Sediment source WEPP Model

Interactive influence of rainfall manipulation and livestock grazing on species diversity of the herbaceous layer community in a humid savannah in Kenya

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Plant Diversity 2019年第3期41卷 198-205页

作者： Joseph O.Ondier Daniel O.Okach John c.Onyango dennis O.Otieno Department of Botany Maseno University Private Bag Maseno Kenya Department of Biological Sciences Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology P.O Box 210-40601 Bondo Kenya Department of Plant Ecology University of Bayreuth D-95440 Bayreuth Germany

changes in rainfall regime and grazing pressure affect vegetation composition and diversity with ecological implications for savannahs. The savannah in East Africa has experienced increased livestock grazing and rainfall variability but the impacts associated with those changes on the herbaceous layer have rarely been documented. We investigated the effect of livestock grazing, rainfall manipulation and their interaction on the composition and diversity of the herbaceous community in the savannah for two years in Lambwe, Kenya. Rainfall manipulation plots were set up for vegetation sampling;these plots received either 50% more or 50% less rainfall than control plots. Simpson’s diversity and Bergere Parker indices were used to determine diversity changes and dominance respectively. The frequency of species was used to compute their abundance and their life forms as determined from the literature. Grazing significantly increased species diversity through suppression of dominant species. Rainfall manipulation had no significant impact on plant diversity in fenced plots, but rainfall reduction significantly reduced diversity in grazed plots. In contrast, rainfall manipulation had no impact on dominance in either fenced or grazed plots. The interaction of grazing and rainfall manipulation is complex and will require additional survey campaigns to create a complete picture of the implications for savannah structure and composition.

关键词： Plant diversity Grazing Rainfall Moist savannah

Advances in preclinical evaluation of experimental antibody-drug conjugates

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cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第4期4卷 745-754页

作者： Scott K.Lyons dennis Plenker Lloyd c.Trotman cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Cold Spring HarborNY 11724USA

The ability to chemically modify monoclonal antibodies with the attachment of specific functional groups has opened up an enormous range of possibilities for the targeted treatment and diagnosis of cancer in the *** the number of such antibody-based drug candidates has increased,so too has the need for more stringent and robust preclinical evaluation of their in vivo performance to maximize the likelihood that time,research effort,and money are only spent developing the most effective and promising candidate molecules for translation to the *** with the development of antibody-drug conjugate(ADc)technology,several recent advances in preclinical research stand to greatly increase the experimental rigor by which promising candidate molecules can be *** include advances in preclinical tumor modeling with the development of patient-derived tumor organoid models that far better recapitulate many aspects of the human disease than conventional subcutaneous xenograft *** models are amenable to genetic manipulation,which will greatly improve our understanding of the relationship between ADc and antigen and stringently evaluate mechanisms of therapeutic ***,tumor development is often not visible in these in vivo *** discuss how the application of several preclinical molecular imaging techniques will greatly enhance the quality of experimental data,enabling quantitative pre-and post-treatment tumor measurements or the precise assessment of ADcs as effective *** our opinion,when taken together,these advances in preclinical cancer research will greatly improve the identification of effective candidate ADc molecules with the best chance of clinical translation and cancer patient benefit.

关键词： Antibody-drug conjugate tumor preclinical organoid cRISPR preclinical imaging theranostic

The ocular toxicity and pharmacokinetics of simvastatin following intravitreal injection in mice

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第9期10卷 1361-1369页

作者： dennis y.Tse Seong Jae Kim Inyoung chung Feng He Theodore G.Wensel Samuel M.Wu Department of Ophthalmology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA School of Optometry the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Ophthalmology Institute of Health SciencesCollege of MedicineGyeongsang National UniversityJinju52727Korea Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology BaylorCollege of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA

AIM：To investigate the retinal toxicity and pharmacokinetics of simvastatin intravitreally injected into ***：Forty-eight 6-8-week-old c57BL/6J mice were used in this *** was intravitreally injected into the right eye of each mouse;the left eye was injected with vehicle and was used as a *** dark-adapted electroretinography（ERG）was performed 1 and 7d following *** was examined using a combination of light,fluorescence and electron *** liquid chromatography（HPLc）was used to determine the decay in the retinal simvastatin ***：ERG revealed no significant changes in the simvastatin-injected eyes compared to *** studies showed normal retinal morphology in eyes injected with simvastatin up to a final vitreal concentration of 200μmol/*** significant changes in the number of photoreceptors,bipolar cells or ganglion cells were *** retinal simvastatin concentration decayed exponentially,with a half-life of ***：Intravitreal injection of up to 200μmol/L simvastatin produced no signs of adverse effects in the mouse *** reaches the retina shortly after intravitreal injectionand has a short half-life.

关键词： simvastatin retina electroretinography highperformance liquid chromatography electron microscopy intravitreal injection

Management of postoperative spinal infections

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2012年第11期3卷 182-189页

作者： Vishal Hegde dennis S Meredith christopher K Kepler Russel c Huang Department of Orthopedic Surgery Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNY 10021United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Spine and Scoliosis ServiceHospital for Special SurgeryWeill Cornell Medical CenterNew YorkNY 10021United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rothman InstituteThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107United States

Postoperative surgical site infection(SSI) is a common complication after posterior lumbar spine surgery. This review details an approach to the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of SSIs. Factors contributing to the development of a SSI can be split into three categories:(1) microbiological factors;(2) factors related to the patient and their spinal pathology; and(3) factors relating to the surgical procedure. SSI is most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The virulence of the organism causing the SSI can affect its presentation. SSI can be prevented by careful adherence to aseptic technique,prophylactic antibiotics,avoiding myonecrosis by frequently releasing retractors and preoperatively optimizing modifiable patient factors. Increasing pain is commonly the only symptom of a SSI and can lead to a delay in diagnosis. c-reactive protein and magnetic resonance imaging can help establish the diagnosis. Treatment requires acquiring intra-operative cultures to guide future antibiotic therapy and surgical debridement of all necrotic tissue. A SSI can usually be adequately treated without removing spinalinstrumentation. A multidisciplinary approach to SSIs is important. It is useful to involve an infectious disease specialist and use minimum serial bactericidal titers to enhance the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy. A plastic surgeon should also be involved in those cases of severe infection that require repeat debridement and delayed closure.

关键词： Surgical site infection Spine surgery Discitis Postoperative infection

Dilution sampling and analysis of particulate matter in biomass-derived syngas

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011年第3期5卷 320-330页

作者： Xiaoliang WANG curtis ROBBINS S.Kent HOEKMAN Judith c.cHOW John G.WATSON dennis ScHUETZLE Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research Institute(DRI)RenoNV 89512USA Renewable Energy Institute International(REII)McClellanCA 95652USA

Thermochemical biomass gasification,followedby conversion of the produced syngas to fuels andelectrical power,is a promising energy *** of particulate matter(PM)and othercontaminants in the syngas is important to minimizedamage and ensure efficient operation of the engines itpowers and the fuels created from it.A dilution samplingsystem is demonstrated to quantify PM in syngas generatedfrom two gasification plants utilizing different biomassfeedstocks:a BioMax®15 Biopower System that uses rawand torrefied woodchips as feedstocks,and an integratedbiorefinery(IBR)that uses rice hulls and woodchips ***_(2.5)mass concentrations in syngas from theIBR downstream of the purification system were 12.8-13.7μg·m^(-3),which were significantly lower than themaximum level for catalyst protection(500μg·m^(-3))andwere 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than those inBioMax®15 syngas(2247-4835μg·m^(-3)).Ultrafine particlenumber concentration and PM_(2.5)chemical constituentswere also much lower in the IBR syngas than in theBioMax®*** dilution sampling system enabledreliable measurements over a wide range of concentrations:the use of high sensitivity instruments allowed measurementat very low concentrations(~1μg·m^(-3)),while theflexibility of dilution minimized sampling problems thatare commonly encountered due to high levels of tars in rawsyngas(~1 g·m^(-3)).

关键词： dilution source sampling syngas characterization biomass gasification ultrafine particles