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Heritability estimates for seed yield and its components in Cynodon dactylon var. dactylon (l.) Pers.

Grass Research 2022年第1期2卷 48-53页

作者： Chengcheng Tan Yanqi Wu Charles M.Taliaferro Greg E.Bell dennis l.martin Mike W.Smith Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOK 74078USA Oklahoma Department of Agriculture Food and Forestry2800 N.Lincoln Blvd.Oklahoma CityOK 73105USA Department of Horticulture and landscape Architecture Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOK 74078USA

Bermudagrass[Cynodon dactylon ***(l.)Pers.]is a major warm-season turf and forage grass *** yield is an important trait targeted for improvement in bermudagrass breeding programs because of the increased interest in seed-propagated *** the nature of genetic variation for seed yield and its components in bermudagrass would aid the development of seed-propagated *** objective of this study was to estimate the genetic variation and narrow-sense heritability for seed yield and its two major components,inflorescences prolificacy and seed set percentage in ***-five half-sib families and their respective clonal parents were evaluated at two Oklahoma locations,Perkins and Stillwater(Oklahoma,USA),over two ***-sib families were different for seed yield,inflorescences prolificacy and seed set percentage,indicating the expression of additive genes in controlling these ***×location effects were observed for seed set percentage and seed *** three traits showed family×year interaction *** was a significant family×location×year interaction in inflorescences prolificacy and seed set ***-sense heritability estimates for seed yield was 0.18 based on variance component analysis among half-sib families and ranged from 0.26 to 0.68 based on parent-offspring regressions,indicating genetic complexity of seed *** estimates were moderate(0.30−0.55)for inflorescences prolificacy and moderate to relatively high(0.41−0.78)for seed set *** results indicate that sufficient magnitudes of additive genetic variation for seed set percentage and inflorescence prolificacy permit positive response to selection and conventional progeny-based genotypic evaluation is necessary for seed yield ***:Tan C,Wu Y,Taliaferro CM,Bell GE,martin Dl,et *** estimates for seed yield and its components in Cynodon dactylon var.

关键词： dactylon cultivar breeding

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Gene expression changes in dorsal root ganglia following peripheral nerve injury: roles in inflammation,cell death and nociception

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第6期14卷 939-947页

作者： Sarah l.martin Adam J.Reid Alexei Verkhratsky Valerio Magnaghi Alessandro Faroni Blond McIndoe laboratories School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Manchester University Hospital of South Manchester Department of Plastic and BurnsManchester Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthUniversity of Manchester Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences Università degli Studi di Milano

Subsequent to a peripheral nerve injury, there are changes in gene expression within the dorsal root ganglia in response to the damage. This review selects factors which are well-known to be vital for inflammation, cell death and nociception, and highlights how alterations in their gene expression within the dorsal root ganglia can affect functional recovery. The majority of studies used polymerase chain reaction within animal models to analyse the dynamic changes following peripheral nerve injuries. This review aims to highlight the factors at the gene expression level that impede functional recovery and are hence are potential targets for therapeutic approaches. Where possible the experimental model, specific time-points and cellular location of expression levels are reported.

关键词： Gene expression polymerase chain reaction dorsal root ganglia inflammation nociception cell death peripheral nerve injury Schwann cells satellite glial cells nerve regeneration

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Getting physical with medical education:Exercise based virtual anatomy review classes for medical students

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 20-25页

作者： Nadeesha R Samarasinghe Taniya S Nagpal Michele l Barbeau Charys M martin Division of General Surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z3BCCanada Faculty of Kinesiology Sport and RecreationUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2R3ABCanada Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryThe University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada

The benefits of regular physical activity are well ***,few studies have examined the effectiveness of integrating physical activity(PA)into curricula within a post-secondary *** investigate the incorporation of PA into medical curriculum,we developed a series of optional exercise-based review sessions designed to reinforce musculoskeletal(MSK)anatomy course *** synchronous sessions were co-taught by a group fitness instructor and an anatomy *** fitness instructor would lead students through both strength and yoga style exercises,while the anatomy instructor asked questions about relevant anatomical structures related to course material previously *** the sessions,participants were asked to evaluate the classes on their self-reported exam preparedness in improving MSK anatomy knowledge,PA levels,and mental *** participants completed surveys;a majority agreed that the classes increased understanding of MSK concepts(90.0%)and activity levels(97.7%).Many(70.0%)felt that the classes helped reduce *** majority of respondents(90.0%)agreed that the classes contributed to increased feelings of social ***,medical students saw benefit in PA based interventions to supplement MSK course *** with increasing activity levels and promoting health behaviours,integrating PA into medical curriculum may improve comprehension of learning material,alleviate stress and foster social connectivity among medical students.

关键词： Medical education Musculoskeletal Anatomy Exercise Online learning

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Deconvolving the pre-Himalayan Indian margin-Tales of crustal growth and destruction

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 863-872页

作者： Christopher J.Spencer Brendan Dyck Catherine M.Mottram Nick M.W.Roberts Wei-Hua Yao Erin l.martin Earth Dynamics Research Group The Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR) Department of Applied Geology Curtin University NERC Isotope Geosciences laboratory British Geological Survey Department of Earth Sciences Simon Fraser University University Drive Department of Environment Earth and Ecosystems The Open UniversityWalton Hall Milton Keynes MK7 6AA UK School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Portsmouth Schoolof Earth Sciences and Engineering SunYat-sen University

The metamorphic core of the Himalaya is composed of Indian cratonic rocks with two distinct crustal affinities that are defined by radiogenic isotopic geochemistry and detrital zircon age spectra. One is derived predominantly from the Paleoproterozoic and Archean rocks of the Indian cratonic interior and is either represented as metamorphosed sedimentary rocks of the lesser Himalayan Sequence(lHS) or as slices of the distal cratonic margin. The other is the Greater Himalayan Sequence(GHS) whose provenance is less clear and has an enigmatic affinity. Here we present new detrital zircon Hf analyses from lHS and GHS samples spanning over 1000 km along the orogen that respectively show a striking similarity in age spectra and Hf isotope ratios. Within the GHS, the zircon age populations at 2800-2500 Ma,1800 Ma, 1000 Ma and 500 Ma can be ascribed to various Gondwanan source regions; however, a pervasive and dominant Tonianage population(～860-800 Ma) with a variably enriched radiogenic Hf isotope signature(eHf = 10 to-20) has not been identified from Gondwana or peripheral accreted terranes. We suggest this detrital zircon age population was derived from a crustal province that was subsequently removed by tectonic erosion. Substantial geologic evidence exists from previous studies across the Himalaya supporting the Cambro-Ordovician Kurgiakh Orogeny. We propose the tectonic removal of Tonian lithosphere occurred prior to or during this Cambro-Ordovician episode of orogenesis in a similar scenario as is seen in the modern Andean and Indonesian orogenies, wherein tectonic processes have removed significant portions of the continental lithosphere in a relatively short amount of time. This model described herein of the pre-Himalayan northern margin of Greater India highlights the paucity of the geologic record associated with the growth of continental crust. Although the continental crust is the archive of Earth history, it is vital to recognize the ways in which preservation

关键词： Himalaya Gondwana Zircon Subduction erosion

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Amending a tropical Arenosol:increasing shares of biochar and clay improve the nutrient sorption capacity

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 936-958页

作者： Christine Beusch dennis Melzer Arne Cierjacks martin Kaupenjohann Institute of Ecology Chair of Soil ScienceTechnische Universität BerlinErnst-Reuter-Platz 110587 BerlinGermany Institute of Agricultural and Urban Ecological Projects(IASP) Affiliated to Berlin Humboldt UniversityPhilippstraße 13Haus 1610115 BerlinGermany Institute of Ecology Chair of Ecosystem Science/Plant EcologyTechnische Universität BerlinRothenburgstr.1212165 BerlinGermany Department of landscape Development/Vegetation Technology University of Applied Sciences DresdenPillnitzer Platz 201326 DresdenGermany

Tropical Arenosols may be challenging for agricultural use,particularly in semi-arid *** aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the addition of increasing shares of biochar and clay on the nutrient sorption capacity of a tropical *** batch equilibrium experiments,the sorption of ammonium-N(NH_(4)^(+)-N),nitrate-N(NO_(3)^(−)-N),potassium(K^(+)),and phosphate-P(PO_(4)^(3−)-P)was quantified for mixtures of an Arenosol with increasing shares of biochar and clay(1%,2.5%,5%,10%,100%)and the unmixed Arenosol,biochar,and *** mid-temperature biochar was produced from Prosopis juliflora feedstock;the clayey material was taken from the sedimentary parent material of a temporarily dry *** the Arenosol-biochar mixture with 10%biochar addition and the biochar increased the NH_(4)^(+)-N maximum sorption capacity(q_(max))of the Arenosol,by 34%and 130%,*** q_(max)of PO_(4)^(3−)-P slightly increased with ascending biochar shares(1-10%)by 14%,30%,26%,and 42%,whereas the undiluted biochar released PO_(4)^(3−)-*** addition slightly reduced NO_(3)^(−)-N release from the Arenosol but strongly induced K^(+)*** the other hand,clay addition of 10%and clay itself augmented q_(max)of NH_(4)^(+)-N by 30%and 162%;ascending clay rates(1-100%)increased q_(max)for PO_(4)^(3−)-P by 78%,130%,180%,268%,and 712%.Clay rates above 5%improved K^(+)sorption;however,no q_(max)values could be *** of NO_(3)^(−)-N remained unaffected by clay ***,clay addition proved to enhance the nutrient sorption capacity of the Arenosol more effectively than biochar;nonetheless,both materials may be promising amendments to meliorate sandy soils for agricultural use in the semi-arid tropics.

关键词： Coarse-textured soils Biochar Clay Batch equilibrium experiment Sorption isotherms

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SCREENING FOR GlAUCOMA USING FREQUENCY DOUBlING TECHNOlOGY

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国际眼科杂志 2003年第1期3卷 48-49页

作者： l.Vancea B.Gothlin P.Wanger l.martin Eye Clinic Sundsvall Hospital SwedenEye Clinic Sundsvall Hospital SwedenDepartment of Clinical Science Karolinska InstitutetDepartment of Clinical Science Karolinska Institutet

Introduction: Frequency doubling technology (FDT) provides a screening program for the detection of glaucomatous optic nerve damage. The examination time using this program is very short, less than one minute per eye. High-pass resolution perime-try (HRP) is known to be sensitive for early glaucoma damage and has been reported to detect change earlier, than convention-

关键词：双倍增频技术 FDT 青光眼筛检视神经损害

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A laurentian affinity for the Embu Terrane,Ribeira Belt(SE Brazil),revealed by zircon provenance statistical analysis

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第1期14卷 149-161页

作者： Bruno V.Ribeiro Frederico M.Faleiros Ginaldo A.C.Campanha Peter A.Cawood Christopher l.Kirkland Milo Barham Erin l.martin Marina Seraine Dina I.G.Cabrita Maria T.A.G.Yogi VidyãV.Almeida Anny J.A.Forero-Ortega Elton l.Dantas Timescales of Mineral Systems Group School of Earth and Planetary SciencesCurtin UniversityPerthWA 6102Australia Isotopia laboratory School of EarthAtmosphere and EnvironmentMonash UniversityClaytonVictoria 3800Australia Department of Mineralogy and Geotectonics University of São PauloRua do Logo 56205508-900 São PauloBrazil Department of Geological Science and Geological Engineering of Queen's University KingstonOntarioCanada Department of Earth Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada Geodynamics Division Geological Survey of Brazil(CPRM)Rua Costa 5501304-010 São PauloSPBrazil Institute for Geophysics Pontificia Universidad JaverianaBogotáColombia Institute of Geoscience University of BrasiliaCampus Universitário Darcy RibeiroAna Norte70919-900 BrasiliaDFBrazil

New and compiled detrital zircon U-Pb ages from the southern Neoproterozoic-Cambrian Ribeira Belt,SE Brazil,demonstrate laurentian affinity of the Embu Terrane which is statistically distinct from the adjoining Apiaíand São Roque terranes with cratonic affinity(e.g.,São Francisco Craton).Zircon provenance results indicate that the type-area of the Embu Terrane is dominated by detrital zircon age modes at ca.1200 Ma,1400 Ma,and 1800 Ma,with maximum depositional age of ca.1000 *** contrast,the Apiaíand São Roque terranes are dominated by Paleoproterozoic detrital zircon ages(ca.2200-2000 Ma age dominant component),with maximum depositional ages of ca.1400 Ma and 1750 Ma,*** scaling(MDS)analysis of non-parametric similarity measurements on zircon age populations indicates for the first time that the Embu Terrane encompass two statistically distinct detrital zircon age spectra,which is also reflected in the metamorphic zircon age *** statistical characterization of the Embu Terrane through populational metrics allow a quantitative comparison with surrounding tectonic domains and rock samples classified such as *** results clearly highlight the distinction between the statistically differentiated Embu Terrane from the Apiaíand São Roque terranes,supporting an allochthonous *** addition,we demonstrate that rocks samples previously classified as Embu-type are significantly dissimilar to the definition of Embu Terrane,failing to support alternative tectonic models(e.g.,intracontinental evolution).Detrital zircon age spectra reveal that the Apiaíand São Roque terranes have similar zircon provenance to domains sourced from the São Francisco Craton,whereas detrital zircon populations from the Embu Terrane have greater affinity with SW laurentia basins(and their inferred sediment sources),consistent with previous ***,we interpret the Embu Terrane as a Rodinia descendant developed along the active margin o

关键词： Ribeira belt Embu terrane Detrital zircon Multidimensional scaling Rodinia and gondwana Paleogeography

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Microwave drying kinetics and quality characteristics of corn

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第1期6卷 90-99页

作者： Songül Gürsoy Ruplal Choudhary dennis G.Watson Department of Agricultural Machinery Faculty of AgricultureDicle University21280DiyarbakirTurkey Department of Plant Soil and Agricultural SystemsMC 4415Southern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901 USA

In recent years,microwave(MW)drying has gained popularity as an alternative drying method for a wide variety of food and agricultural products because of increasing concerns over product quality and production ***,the determination of drying kinetics that accurately describes microwave drying characteristics is crucial for the optimization of operating parameters,performance improvement of the drying system and product *** objective of this study was to investigate the drying kinetics and the quality characteristics of corn kernels,especially the effects of different initial moisture contents(18.3%,26.3%,34.3%and 42.3%db),MW power levels(70,175 and 245 W)and exposure time(80 s and 120 s)on the drying kinetics,drying rate and various key quality *** results indicated that the increased drying rate at higher power levels(P3,245 W)reduced the drying time considerably but increased stress crack index and reduced *** addition,it reduced bulk density,true density and thousand grain weight(TGW).The germination rate of corn was the highest at MW power level P1(70 W),with the lowest drying rate and observed to decrease with increase in initial moisture *** reduction in exposure time decreased stress crack index and increased germination rate,bulk density and true *** correlation analysis among drying rate,germination,stress-crack index(SCI),bulk density,true density and TGW showed that increasing drying rate could lead to an increase in SCI and decrease in germination,bulk density and true density.

关键词： microwave drying corn stress-crack germination bulk density true density

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The Apollon 10 PW laser: experimental and theoretical investigation of the temporal characteristics

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2016年第3期4卷 127-133页

作者： D.N.Papadopoulos J.P.Zou C.le Blanc G.Chriaux P.Georges F.Druon G.Mennerat P.Ramirez l.martin A.Frneaux A.Beluze N.lebas P.Monot F.Mathieu P.Audebert laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des lasers Intenses CNRSEcole Polytechnique laboratoire Charles Fabry UMR 8501 Institut d'OptiqueCNRS Univ Paris Sud CEA Iramis SPAM

The objective of the Apollon 10 PW project is the generation of 10 PW peak power pulses of 15 fs at 1 shot min^(-1). In this paper a brief update on the current status of the Apollon project is presented, followed by a more detailed presentation of our experimental and theoretical investigations of the temporal characteristics of the laser. More specifically the design considerations as well as the technological and physical limitations to achieve the intended pulse duration and contrast are discussed.

关键词： high intensity lasers spatiotemporal effects ultrafast lasers

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On the origin of microbial magnetoreception

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National Science Review 2020年第2期7卷 472-479页

作者： Wei lin Joseph l.Kirschvink Greig A.Paterson dennis A.Bazylinski Yongxin Pan Key laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutions of Earth Science Chinese Academy of Sciences France-China Joint laboratory for Evolution and Development of Magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms Chinese Academy of Sciences Division of Geological & Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology Earth-life Science Institute Tokyo Institute of Technology Department of Earth Ocean and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool School of life Sciences University of Nevada at Las Vegas College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

A broad range of organisms, from prokaryotes to higher animals, have the ability to sense and utilize Earth’s geomagnetic field—a behavior known as magnetoreception. Although our knowledge of the physiological mechanisms of magnetoreception has increased substantially over recent decades, the origin of this behavior remains a fundamental question in evolutionary biology. Despite this, there is growing evidence that magnetic iron mineral biosynthesis by prokaryotes may represent the earliest form of biogenic magnetic sensors on Earth. Here, we integrate new data from microbiology, geology and nanotechnology, and propose that initial biomineralization of intracellular iron nanoparticles in early life evolved as a mechanism for mitigating the toxicity of reactive oxygen species(ROS), as ultraviolet radiation and free-iron-generated ROS would have been a major environmental challenge for life on early Earth. This iron-based system could have later been co-opted as a magnetic sensor for magnetoreception in microorganisms, suggesting an origin of microbial magnetoreception as the result of the evolutionary process of exaptation.

关键词： magnetoreception biomineralization magnetotactic bacteria exaptation

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