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Implementation of the Flood Risk management Directive in Selected European Countries

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2013年第3期4卷 115-125页

作者： Uwe müller Saxon State Agency for Environment Agriculture and GeologyDresdenSaxony 01109Germany

Flood events are a recurrent threat to economic developments and can jeopardize human existence. In order to reduce the flood risks in Europe on a sustainable basis, the European Union adopted the Flood Risk management Directive in 2007. The implementation of the directive in the national laws of all member states has laid the foundation for intergovernmental integrated flood risk management on an European scale. The following article is intended to compare and briefly assess the implementation process on inland waters at the technical level in selected European countries in the middle of the process. It covers the different basic structural, methodological, and data conditions for preparing the preliminary flood risk assessment, the flood hazard maps, the flood risk maps, and the flood risk management plans as a result of two EU projects. The technical differences in the various European countries need to be reduced in the next cycles of implementation of the Flood Risk management Directive.

关键词： flood inland preparing

A NOVEL DESIGN OF COmPOSITE WATER TURBINE USING CFD

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2012年第1期24卷 11-16页

作者： PIECHNA Janusz mller Norbert Turbomachinery Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringMichigan State UniversityEast LansingUSA

This paper presents computational investigation of a novel design of composite material axial water turbine using Computational Fluid Dynamics（CFD）.Based on three-dimensional numerical flow analysis,the flow characteristics through the water turbine with nozzle,wheel and diffuser are *** extract power and torque of a composite water turbine at different rotating speeds were calculated and analyzed for a specific flow *** simulation results show that using nozzle and diffuser can increase the pressure drop across the turbine and extract more power from available water *** results provide a fundamental understanding of the composite water turbine,and this design and analysis method is used in the design process.

关键词： water turbine composite material Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) extracted power

Surface morphology and impurity distribution of electron beam recrystallized silicon films on low cost substrates for solar cell absorber

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Rare metals 2006年第Z1期25卷 195-200页

作者： GROmBALL F müller J Department of mikrosystemtechnik Technische Universitt Hamburg-Harburg Hamburg 21073 Germany

A line shaped electron beam recrystallised polycrystalline silicon film on the low cost substrate was investigated for the use of the solar cell absorber. The applied EB energy density strongly influences the surface morphology of the film system. Lower EB energy density results in droplet morphology and the rougher SiO2 capping layer due to the low fluidity. With the energy increasing, the capping layer becomes smooth and continuous and less and small pinholes form in the silicon film. Tungstendisilicide (WSi2) is formed at the interface tungsten/silicon but also at the grain boundaries of the silicon. Because of the fast melting and cooling of the silicon film, the eutectic of silicon and tungstendisilicide mainly forms at the grain boundary of the primary silicon dendrites. The SEm-EDX analysis shows that there are no chlorine and hydrogen in the area surrounding a pinhole after recrystallization because of outgassing during the solidification.

关键词： polycrystalline silicon film solar cell recrystallization energy surface morphology outgassing

Testing flexible polymer solar cells in near-space

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National Science Review 2023年第5期10卷 105-106页

作者： Peter müller-Buschbaum Department of Physics TUM School of Natural Sciencesand Heinz Maier-Leibnitz-Zentrum(MLZ)Technical University of Munich

Since the big success of the Vanguard1 mission,being the first solar-powered satellite,the use of solar cells in space developed very ***,conventional solar cell technologies for space are based on silicon and GaAs **...

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Biological consequences of global change for birds

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第2期8卷 136-144页

作者： Anders Pape mØller Department of Ecology Systematics and EvolutionUniversity Paris-SouthOrsay CedexFrance

Climate is currently changing at an unprecedented rate;so also human exploitation is rapidly changing the Earth for agriculture,forestry,fisheries and *** addition,pollution has affected even the most remote ecosystems,as has the omnipresence of humans,with consequences in particular for animals that keep a safe distance from potential predators,including human ***,all of these changes are occurring simultaneously,with increasing intensity,and further deterioration in both the short and the long-term is *** the consequences of these components of global change are relatively well studied on their own,the effects of their interactions,such as the combined effects of climate change and agriculture,or the combined effects of agriculture through nutrient leakage to freshwater and marine ecosystems and fisheries,and the effects of climate change and urbanization,are poorly ***,I provide a brief overview of the effects of climate change on phenology,diversity,abundance,interspecific interactions and population dynamics of birds.I address whether these effects of changing temperatures are direct,or indirect through effects of climate change on the phenology,distribution or abundance of food,parasites and ***,I review interactions between different components of global change.

关键词： climate change direct effects global change indirect effects interactions

managing stress granule disassembly with ubiquitin and its cousin

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第12期6卷 3377-3378页

作者： Stefan müller Institute of Biochemistry II Gustav Embden ZentrumGoethe University FrankfurtFaculty of MedicineFrankfurtGermany

Recently,maxwell et al.1 revealed a critical function of ubiquitylation in stress granule(SG)disassembly upon recovery from heat *** are continuously exposed to endogenous or environmental *** stress endangers DNA integrity,whereas proteotoxic stress causes an imbalance in protein homeostasis(proteostasis).Genotoxic insults activate DNA damage response pathways that halt the cell-cycle progression and initiate DNA *** quality control(PQC)systems in turn safeguard the integrity of the proteome and prepare for the restart of cellular activities upon stress *** genome and proteome integrity pathways are orchestrated by ubiquitin signaling and the ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS).

关键词： stress aging integrity

The allometry of number of feathers in birds changes seasonally

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Chinese Birds 2015年第1期6卷 1-5页

作者： Anders Pape mller Laboratoire d’Ecologie Systématique et Evolution CNRS UMR 8079Université Paris-Sud

Background: Feathers are a defining feature of birds with multiple functions such as flight, insulation, protection against predation and signaling. Feathers are lost during the annual molt while the rate of such loss at other times of the year and its fitness consequences remain poorly ***: I used information on the number and the mass of feathers for 160 individuals belonging to 85 species of birds in general linear mixed models to analyze allometry of feathers and to investigate possible factors explaining variation in the number of feathers. A phylogenetic effect was assessed by quantifying the random effect of ***: The total mass of feathers increased isometrically with body mass, while the total number of feathers and the mean mass of feathers showed negative allometry. Negative allometry implied that small-sized species had relatively many small feathers. There was a negative association between the number of feathers and migration distance. The total number of feathers initially increased during fall and winter, consistent with individuals growing more feathers later during the year or with individuals with fewer feathers selectively disappearing from the population. In contrast, the number of feathers decreased from winter through spring and ***: These findings suggest that thermoregulation has affected the evolution of the number and the size of feathers, there is selection against feather loss, and that the number of feathers varies across seasons.

关键词： Feather loss molt Number of feathers Predation Thermoregulation

Surface Coating of NiTi Shape memory Alloys with Calcium Phosphates by Dip-coating or Plasma-spraying-biological Characterization Examined by in vitro Testing methods

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(materials Science) 2005年第B12期20卷 7-9页

作者： Esenwein Stefan A Bogdanski denise Prymak Oleg Epple matthias muhr Gert Kller manfred Department of Surgery BG Trauma Center Bergmannsheil University Hospital Buerkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1 D-44789 Bochum Germany Department for Surgical Research BG Trauma Center Bergmannsheil Ruhr-University Bochum Buerkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1 D-44789 Bochum Germany Institute for Inorganic Chemistry University of Duisburg-Essen Universitaetsstr. 5-7 D-45117 Essen Germany

The influence of different surface coatings of NiTi shape memory allays was examined using in vitro testing methods. Plates of superelastic nickel-titanium shape memory allay （ NiTi ） were coated with calcium phosphates （ hydroxyapatite ） by high-temperature plasma-spraying or by dip-coating. The biocompatibility was tested in vitro by cultivation of isolated human granulocytes and whole blood cells. As substrates, pure NiTi, plasma-spray-coated NiTi and dip-coated NiTi were used. Isolated granulocytes showed an increased adhesion to both calcium phosphate-coated NiTi samples. Compared to non-coated NiTi or dip-coated NiTi, the number of dead granulocytes adherent to plasma-sprayed surfaces was significantly increased （ p 〈 0.01 ）. Whether the d/f- ferences in apoptosis of granulocytes on dip-coated vs plasma-sprayed coatings observed are due to differences in material surface morphologies has to be analyzed in further studies. Because of the cellular interactions with the coating layers, h is likely that the results obtained are not caused by the underlying NiTi but due to the coating itself.

关键词： shape memory alloys nitinol biomaterials testing calcium phosphate coating biocompatibility surface coating implant testing

A LIOUVILLE THEOREm FOR STATIONARY INCOmPRESSIBLE FLUIDS OF VON mISES TYPE

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Acta mathematica Scientia 2019年第1期39卷 1-10页

作者： martin FUCHS Jan müller Fachbereich 6.1 mathematik Universit?t des Saarlandes

We consider entire solutions u of the equations describing the stationary flow of a generalized Newtonian fluid in 2 D concentrating on the question, if a Liouville-type result holds in the sense that the boundedness of u implies its constancy. A positive answer is true for p-fluids in the case p > 1(including the classical Navier-Stokes system for the choice p = 2), and recently we established this Liouville property for the Prandtl-Eyring fluid model,for which the dissipative potential has nearly linear growth. Here we finally discuss the case of perfectly plastic fluids whose flow is governed by a von mises-type stress-strain relation formally corresponding to the case p = 1. It turns out that, for dissipative potentials of linear growth, the condition of μ-ellipticity with exponent μ m.

关键词： generalized Newtonian fluids perfectly plastic fluids von mises flow Liouville theorem