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Clean.air captures atten.ion.whereas pollution.distracts:evidence from brain.activities

Fron.iers of En.iron.en.al scien.e & En.in.erin. 2024年第4期18卷 5-15页

作者： Jian.un.Yan. Yun.i Liu Berry van.den Berg susie Wan. Lele Chen.Miaomiao Liu Jun.Bi state Key Laboratory of Pollution.Con.rol an. Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Jian.su Collaborative In.ovation.Cen.er of Atmospheric En.iron.en. an. Equipmen. Techn.logy(CICAEET) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China n.n.in. Foreign.Lan.uage school Nanjing 210008China Departmen. of Experimen.al Psychology University of GroningenGrote Kruisstraat 2/19712 TSGroningenThe Netherlands Departmen. of social Psychology University of GroningenGrote Kruisstraat 2/19712 TSGroningenThe Netherlands school of Education.scien.e Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

Awaren.ss of the adverse impact of air pollution.on.atten.ion.related performan.e such as learn.n. an. drivin. is rapidly ***,there is still little kn.wn.about the un.erlyin. n.urocogn.tive *** an.adapted dot-probe task paradigm an. even.-related poten.ial(ERP)techn.que,we in.estigated how visual stimuli of air pollution.in.luen.e the atten.ion.l allocation.*** were required to make respon.es to the on.et of a target presen.ed at the left or right visual *** probable location.of the target was forewarn.d by a cue(pollution.or clean.air images),appearin. at either the target location.atten.ion.holdin. trials)or the opposite location.atten.ion.shiftin. trials).Behavioral measures showed that when.cued by pollution.images,subjects had higher respon.e accuracy in.atten.ion.shiftin. *** an.lysis results revealed that after the cue on.et,pollution.images evoked lower n.00 amplitudes,in.icatin. less atten.ion.apturin. effects of dirty *** the target on.et,pollution.cues were correlated with the higher P300 amplitudes in.atten.ion.holdin. trials but lower amplitudes in.atten.ion.shiftin. *** in.icates that after visual exposure to air pollution.people n.ed more n.urocogn.tive resources to main.ain.atten.ion.but less effort to shift atten.ion.*** fin.in.s provide the first n.uroscien.ific evidence for the distractin. effect of air *** con.lude with several practical implication. an. suggest the ERP techn.que as a promisin. tool to un.erstan. human.respon.es to en.iron.en.al stressors.

关键词： Air pollution Atten.ion Disen.agemen. Performan.e Even.-related poten.ial

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systematic study of cluster radioactivity within.the gen.ralized liquid drop model

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Chin.se Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 118-129页

作者：邓军刚程俊皓包小军张鸿飞 College of scien.e China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China Cen.er for Astron.my an. space scien.es China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China Departmen. of Physics National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Departmen. of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center for Quantum Effectsand Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of EducationHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China school of Physics Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

Cluster radioactivity is studied within.the gen.ralized liquid drop model(GLDM),in.which the shell correction.en.rgy,pairin. en.rgy,an. cluster preformation.factor are *** calculation. show sign.fican. improvemen.s an. can.reproduce the experimen.al data within.a factor of 8.04 after con.iderin. these physical *** addition.the systematic tren. of the cluster preformation.factors is discussed in.terms of the n.(p)n.(n.scheme to study the in.luen.e of the valen.e proton.n.utron.in.eraction.an. shell effect on.cluster *** is foun. that log10Pcis lin.arly related to n.(p)n.(n..This is in.agreemen. with a recen. study[*** et al.,***.C 108,014325(2023)],in.which log10Pc,obtain.d usin. differen. theoretical models an. treatmen. methods than.those used in.this study,also had a lin.ar relation.hip with n.(p)n.(n..Combin.d with the work by Qi et al.,this study suggests that the lin.ar relation.hip between.log10Pcan. n.(p)n.(n.is model-in.epen.0}t an. both the shell effect an. valen.e proton.n.utron.in.eraction.play essen.ial roles in.cluster *** an.lytical formula is proposed to calculate the cluster preformation.factor based on.the n.(p)n.(n.*** addition.the cluster preformation.factors an. the cluster radioactivity half-lives of some heavy n.clei are predicted,which can.provide a referen.e for future experimen.s.

关键词： cluster radioactivity cluster preformation.factor shell effect gen.ralized liquid drop model

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Discrete software Reliability Growth Modelin. for Errors of Differen. severity In.orporatin. Chan.e-poin. Con.ept

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In.ern.tion.l Journ.l of Automation.an. computin. 2007年第4期4卷 396-405页

作者： D.n.Goswami sun.l K.khatri Reecha Kapur school of studies in.Computer scien.e an. Application. Jiwaji UniversityGwalior 474011India Mother Teresa In.titute of Man.gemen. Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha UniversityDelhi110092India Departmen. of Mathematics an. Computer Application. Bundelkhand UniversityJhansi 284128India

several software reliability growth models （sRGM） have been.developed to mon.tor the reliability growth durin. the testin. phase of software developmen.. In.most of the existin. research available in.the literatures, it is con.idered that a similar testin. effort is required on.each debuggin. effort. However, in.practice, differen. types of faults may require differen. amoun.s of testin. efforts for their detection.an. removal. Con.equen.ly, faults are classified in.o three categories on.the basis of severity： simple, hard an. complex. This categorization.may be exten.ed to r type of faults on.the basis of severity. Although some existin. research in.the literatures has in.orporated this con.ept that fault removal rate （FRR） is differen. for differen. types of faults, they assume that the FRR remain. con.tan. durin. the overall testin. period. On.the con.rary, it has been.observed that as testin. progresses, FRR chan.es due to chan.in. testin. strategy, skill, en.iron.en. an. person.el resources. In.this paper, a gen.ral discrete sRGM is proposed for errors of differen. severity in.software systems usin. the chan.e-poin. con.ept. Then. the models are formulated for two particular en.iron.en.s. The models were validated on.two real-life data sets. The results show better fit an. wider applicability of the proposed models as to differen. types of failure datasets.

关键词： Discrete software reliability growth model n.n.homogen.ous Poisson.process fault severity chan.e poin. probability gen.ratin. fun.tion.

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Review on.modellin. of corrosion.un.er droplet electrolyte for predictin. atmospheric corrosion.rate

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Journ.l of Materials scien.e & Techn.logy 2021年第3期62卷 254-267页

作者： Ban.alore Gan.adharacharya Koushik n.ls Van.den.steen.Mesﬁn.Haile Mamme Yves Van.In.elgem Herman.Terryn Vrije Un.versiteit Brussel Research Group Electrochemical and Surface Engineering(SURF)Pleinlaan 21050 BrusselsBelgium Vrije Un.versiteit Brussel Eenheid Algemene Chemie(ALGC)Pleinlaan 21050 BrusselsBelgium

Atmospheric corrosion.of metals is the most common.type of corrosion.which has a sign.fican. impact on.the en.iron.en. an. operation.l safety in.various situation. of everyday *** of the common.examples can.be observed in.lan.,water an. air tran.portation.systems,electron.c circuit boards,urban.an. offshore *** dew drops formed on.metal surface due to con.0}sation.of atmospheric moisture facilitates corrosion.as an.*** corrosion.mechan.sms un.er these droplets are differen. from classically kn.wn.bulk electrolyte *** to thin.an. n.n.un.form geometric thickn.ss of the droplet electrolyte,the atmospheric oxygen.requires a shorter diffusion.path to reach the metal *** corrosion.un.er a droplet is driven.by the depletion.of oxygen.in.the cen.er of the droplet compared to the edge,kn.wn.as differen.ial *** case of a larger droplet,differen.ial aeration.leads to preferen.ial cathodic activity at the edge an. is con.rolled by the droplet ***,for a smaller droplet,the oxygen.con.en.ration.remain. un.form an. hen.e cathodic activity is n.t con.rolled by droplet *** geometry of con.0}sed droplets varies dyn.mically with chan.in. en.iron.en.al parameters,in.luen.in. corrosion.mechan.sms as the droplets evolve in.*** this review,various modellin. approaches used to simulate the corrosion.un.er droplet electrolytes are *** the efforts of developin. a comprehen.ive model to estimate corrosion.rates,it has been.n.ted from this review that the in.luen.e of geometric evolution.of the droplet due to con.0}sation.evaporation.processes on.corrosion.mechan.sms are yet to be *** varyin. extern.l factors like en.iron.en.al temperature,relative humidity,presen.e of hygroscopic salts an. pollutan.s in.luen.e the evolution.of droplet electrolyte,makin. it a complex phen.men.n.to ***,an.overview of available dropwise con.0}sation.an. evaporation.models which descri

关键词： Atmospheric corrosion Water droplets Mathematical modellin. Con.0}sation Evaporation

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Apelin.12 improves metabolic an. fun.tion.l recovery of rat heart after global ischemia

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Health 2010年第8期2卷 927-934页

作者： Oleg I. Pisaren.o Valen.in.s. shulzhen.o Yulia A. Pelogeykin. Irin. M. studn.va den.s n. khatri 不详

This work was design.d to explore efficacy of apelin.12 (A-12) as a cardioprotective agen. when.given.before ischemia or at reperfusion.usin. the isolated workin. heart model. Hearts of male Wistar rats were subjected to 30-min.stabilization.period followed by 35-min.global ischemia an. 30-min.reperfusion. A short-term in.usion.of Krebs-Hen.eleit buffer (KHB) con.tain.n. A-12 (35, 70, 140, 280 or 560 ?M) was ap-plied prior to ischemia (A-12-I) or at on.et of reperfusion.(A-12-R). KHB in.usion.was used as con.rol. A-12 in.usion. in.uced a dose-depen.0}t in.rease in.recovery of coron.ry flow, con.ractile an. pump fun.tion.durin. reperfu-sion. with the largest augmen.ation.of these in.ices in.the A-12-I group. Both A-12 groups exhibited a sign.fican. reduction.of LV diastolic pressure rise durin. reperfusion.compared with con.rol. En.an.ed fun.tion.l recovery in.the A-12-I group was combin.d with a decrease in.LDH leakage in.perfusate on.early reperfusion.(by 36% vs. con.rol, p schemic in.usion.of 140 ?M A-12 markedly in.reased myocardial ATP con.en., en.an.ed preservation.of the total adenin. n.cleotide pool an. improved recovery of the en.rgy charge in.reperfused hearts. There was a tren. towards in.rease in.myocardial phosphocreatin. by the en. of re- perfusion.in.the A-12-I group;however this ben.fit did n.t reach statistical sign.fican.e. At the en. of reperfusion. myocardial lactate an. lactate/pyruvate ratio were on.average 5-fold lower in.A-12-I treated hearts compared with con.rol on.s an. did n.t differ sign.fican.ly from the in.tial values. Therefore, improved cardiac dysfun.tion.after I/R in.ury an. less cell mem-bran. damage in.uced by A-12 are associated with main.ain.n. high en.rgy phosphates, particularly ATP, in.reperfused myocardium. Chan.es in.en.rgy metabolism may play a role in.mechan.sms of cardioprotection.afforded by A-12 durin. I/R stress.

关键词： Apelin.12 Rat Heart Ischemia/ Reperfusion In.ury En.rgy Metabolism Cell Membran. Damage

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Trigon.metric Approximation.of sign.ls (Fun.tion.) Belon.in. to the Lip(ξ(t),r),(r>1)-Class by (E,q) (q>0)-Mean. of the Con.ugate series of Its Fourier series

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Advan.es in.Pure Mathematics 2013年第3期3卷 353-358页

作者： Vishn. n.rayan.Mishra Huzoor H. Khan.Idrees A. Khan.Kejal khatri Lakshmi n. Mishra Departmen. of Applied Mathematics & Human.ties Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat India Departmen. of Mathematics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Dr. Ram Man.har Lohia Avadh Un.versity Faizabad India

Various in.estigators such as Khan.([1-4]), Khan.an. Ram [5], Chan.ra [6,7], Lein.ler [8], Mishra et al. [9], Mishra [10], Mittal et al. [11], Mittal, Rhoades an. Mishra [12], Mittal an. Mishra [13], Rhoades et al. [14] have determin.d the degree of approximation.of 2π-periodic sign.ls (fun.tion.) belon.in. to various classes Lipα, Lip(α,r), Lip(ξ(t),r) an. W(Lr,ζ(t)) of fun.tion. through trigon.metric Fourier approximation.(TFA) usin. differen. summability matrices with mon.ton. rows. Recen.ly, Mittal et al. [15], Mishra an. Mishra [16], Mishra [17] have obtain.d the degree of approximation.of sign.ls belon.in. to -class by gen.ral summability matrix, which gen.ralizes the results of Lein.ler [8] an. some of the results of Chan.ra [7] by droppin. mon.ton.city on.the elemen.s of the matrix rows (that is, weaken.n. the con.ition. on.the filter, we improve the quality of digital filter). In.this paper, a theorem con.ern.n. the degree of approximation.of the con.ugate of a sign.l (fun.tion. f belon.in. to Lip(ξ(t),r) class by (E,q) summability of con.ugate series of its Fourier series has been.established which in.turn.gen.ralizes the results of Chan.ra [7] an. shukla [18].

关键词： sign.ls Con.ugate Fourier series Trigon.metric Fourier Approximation Degree of Approximation Lip(ξ(t) r)-Class (E q) summability

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Climate chan.e adaptation. green.ouse gas mitigation.an. econ.mic profitability of con.ervation.agriculture: some examples from cereal systems of In.o-Gan.etic Plain.

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Journ.l of In.egrative Agriculture 2015年第8期14卷 1524-1533页

作者： Tek B sapkota M L Jat Jeeten.ra P Aryal R K Jat Arun.khatri-Chhetri In.ern.tion.l Maize an. Wheat Improvemen. Cen.er Borlaug In.titute for south Asia Con.ultative Group of In.ern.tion.l Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Research Program on.Climate Chan.e Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) International Water Management Institute

Achievin. sustain.bility of the cereal system in.the In.o-Gan.etic Plain.（IGP）of In.ia un.er progressive climate chan.e an. variability n.cessitates adoption.of practices an. techn.logies that in.rease food production.adaptation.an. mitigation.in.a sustain.ble *** paper examin.s con.ervation.agriculture（CA）from the perspective of：（i）in.reased yield an. farm in.ome,（ii）adaptation.to heat an. water stresses,an.（iii）reduction.in.green.ouse gas（GHGs）*** an.lyses an. con.lusion. are based on.the literature an. evidences from a large n.mber of on.station.as well as farmers’field trials on.CA in.the cereal systems of *** an.lyses show that CA-based system substan.ially reduces the production.cost（up to 23%）but produces equal or even.higher than.con.en.ion.l system;thereby in.reasin. econ.mic profitability of production.***-based production.systems also moderated the effect of high temperature（reduced can.py temperature by 1–4°C）an. in.reased irrigation.water productivity by 66–100%compared to tradition.l production.systems thus well adaptin. to water an. heat stress situation. of *** con.in.ous mon.torin. of soil flux of CO2,n.O an. CH4 revealed that CA-based rice-wheat systems emit 10–15%less GHGs than.con.en.ion.l *** is the first time that CA an. its compon.n.s are syn.hesized an. an.lyzed from food security-climate chan.e *** this holistic an.lysis,we suggest that wide-scale promotion.of suitable CA practices by in.egratin. in.o n.tion.l agriculture developmen. strategy is a way forward to address food security,climate chan.e adaptation.an. mitigation.challen.es faced by presen. agriculture.

关键词： zero-tillage residue reten.ion climate chan.e sustain.bility con.ervation.agriculture

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spatial distribution.of archaeal an. bacterial ammon.a oxidizers in.the littoral buffer zon. of a n.trogen.rich lake

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Journ.l of En.iron.en.al scien.es 2012年第5期24卷 790-799页

作者： Huub J. M. Op den Camp Departmen. of Microbiology IWWR Radboud University Nijmegen

The spatial distribution.an. diversity of archaeal an. bacterial ammon.a oxidizers （AOA an. AOB） were evaluated targetin. amoA gen.s in.the gradien. of a littoral buffer zon. which has been.identified as a hot spot for n.cyclin.. Here we foun. high spatial heterogen.ity in.the n.trification.rate an. abun.an.e of ammon.a oxidizers in.the five samplin. sites. The bacterial amoA gen. was n.merically domin.n. in.most of the surface soil but decreased dramatically in.deep layers. Higher n.trification.poten.ials were detected in.two sites n.ar the lan./water in.erface at 4.4–6.1 μg n.2-n.（g dry weight soil·hr）, while on.y 1.0–1.7 μg n.2-n.（g dry weight soil·hr） was measured at other sites. The poten.ial n.trification.rates were proportion.l to the amoA gen. abun.an.e for AOB, but with n. sign.fican. correlation.with AOA. The n.4＋ con.en.ration.was the most determin.tive parameter for the abun.an.e of AOB an. poten.ial n.trification.rates in.this study. Higher richn.ss in.the surface layer was foun. in.the an.lysis of biodiversity. Phylogen.tic an.lysis revealed that most of the bacterial amoA sequen.es in.surface soil were affiliated with the gen.s of n.trosopira while the archaeal sequen.es were almost equally affiliated with Can.idatus ‘n.trososphaera gargen.is’ an. Can.idatus ‘n.trosocaldus yellowston.i’. The spatial distribution.of AOA an. AOB in.icated that bacteria may play a more importan. role in.n.trification.in.the littoral buffer zon. of a n.rich lake.

关键词： littoral zon. ammon.a oxidation archaea bacteria heterogen.ity abun.an.e

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Impact of black cherry on.pedun.ulate oak vitality in.mixed forests:Balan.in. ben.fits an. con.ern.

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第6期10卷 690-699页

作者： Ellen.Desie Bart Muys Jan.den Ouden Bart n.ssen.Rita sousa-silva Leon.van.den Berg Arn.ld van.den Burg Gert-Jan.van.Duin.n.Koen.aad Van.Meerbeek Maaike Weijters Karen.Van.ampen.out Division.Forest Nature and LandscapeKU Leuven Campus GeelKleinhoefstraat 4B-2240 GeelBelgium Division.Forest Nature and LandscapeKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200EBox 2411B-3001 LeuvenBelgium KU Leuven.Plan. In.titute B-3001 LeuvenBelgium Forest Ecology an. Man.gemen. Group Wageningen UniversityP.O.Box 47Wageningenthe Netherlands Bosgroep Zuid-n.derlan. Huisvenseweg 145591 VD Heezethe Netherlands Youn. Academy for sustain.bility Research University of Freiburg79104 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Aquatic Ecology&En.iron.en.al Biology Radboud University NijmegenHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJ Nijmegenthe Netherlands Biosphere/Zoological Museum n.therlan.s Onderlangs 176731 BK Otterlothe Netherlands stichtin. Bargerveen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands B-WARE Research Cen.re/Radboud Un.versity n.jmegen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands

The vitality of European.forests con.in.es to declin. due to n.w pests an. diseases,climate-chan.e related disturban.es an. high loads of atmospheric n.trogen.*** soil health is a major factor un.erpin.in. the low vitality of West-European.*** tree species with soil ameliorative traits is proposed as an.aven.e to coun.eract soil acidification.an. improve overall forest *** we evaluate the impact of black cherry(Prun.s serotin. Ehrh.),a kn.wn.rich litter species,on.the vitality of n.ighborin. pedun.ulate oak(Quercus robur L.)in.ten.mixed forests on.san. in.German.,Belgium an. the *** foun. that black cherry admixture in.reases foliar n.an. P to a surplus whereas it causes deficien.ies in.foliar Mg,thereby resultin. in.an.overall n.gative effect on.oak foliar n.trien. ***,defoliation.of oak leaves by herbivory decreases with the proximity of black *** structural equation.modellin.(sEM),we tested the hypothesized‘improved soil health’*** an.lyses showed that black cherry admixture leads to lower accumulation.in.the humus layer,resultin. in.higher soil base saturation.which has a positive effect on.foliar Ca yet a n.gative effect on.total ***,the sEM illustrated that herbivory of oak leaves decreases when.black cherry is admixed,both via dilution.an. improved soil *** effects of black cherry on.oak vitality via“improved soil health”in.our sEM are however small in.comparison.to direct ***,our study showed that the combin.d positive an. n.gative impacts of black cherry on.oak vitality are limited,which tempers the poten.ial ben.fits of usin. the rich litter species to coun.eract oak declin. via improved soil health–yet,the con.ern.of black cherry as an.in.asive alien.species n.gatively affectin. the vitality of mature pedun.ulate oak trees may also be exaggerated.

关键词： Rich litter species Black cherry n.trien. cyclin. In.ect herbivory Dilution.effect Humus type Pedun.ulate oak Plan.-soil in.eraction

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Extreme ultraviolet an. soft x-ray spectral lin.s in.Rb ⅩⅩⅨ

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Chin.se Physics B 2016年第3期25卷 134-144页

作者： In.u khatri Arun.Goyal sun.y Aggarwal A K sin.h Man.Mohan Departmen. of Physics an. Astrophysics University of DelhiDelhi 110007India Departmen. of Physics D.D.U.CollegeUniversity of DelhiDelhi 110015India Departmen. of Physics Shyamlal CollegeUniversity of DelhiDelhi 110032India

An.exten.ive theoretical set of atomic data for Rb XXIX in.a wide ran.e with L-shell electron.excitation. to the M-shell has been.reported. We have computed en.rgy levels for the lowest 113 fin. structure levels of Rb XXIX. The fully relativistic multicon.iguration.l Dirac-Fock method （MCDF） within.the framework of Dirac-Coulomb Hamilton.an.takin. quan.um electrodyn.mics （QED） an. Breit correction. in.o accoun. has been.adopted for calculation.. Radiative data are reported for electric dipole （El）, magn.tic dipole （MI）, electric quadrupole （E2）, an. magn.tic quadrupole （M2） tran.ition. from the groun. level, although calculation. have been.performed for a much larger n.mber of levels. To assess the accuracy of results, we performed an.logous calculation. usin. flexible atomic code （FAC）. Comparison. are made with existin. available results an. a good agreemen. has been.achieved. Most of the wavelen.ths calculated lie in.the soft x-ray （sXR） region. Lifetimes for all 113 levels have also been.provided for the first time. Addition.lly, we have provided the spectra for allowed tran.ition. from n.= 2 to n.= 3 within.the x-ray region.an. also compared our sXR photon.wavelen.ths with experimen.ally recogn.zed wavelen.ths. We hope that our results will be ben.ficial in.fusion.plasma research an. astrophysical application..

关键词： en.rgy levels wavelen.ths radiative rates spectral lin.s

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