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Online s.ngle particle analys.s.of chemical compos.tion and mixing s.ate of crop s.raw burning particles. from laboratory s.udy to field meas.rement

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Frontiers.of Environmental s.ience & Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 244-252页

作者： Juntao HUO Xiaohui LU Xinning WANG Hong CHEN Xingnan YE s.ng Gao deborah s. Gros. Jianmin CHEN Xin YANG s.anghai Key Laboratory of Atmos.heric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Divis.on of Math Science and Technology Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL 33314 USA Department of Chemis.ry Carleton College Northfield MN 55057 USA Fudan-Tyndall Center Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

Fres. s.raw burning （s.） particles.were generated in the laboratory by the combus.ion of rice s.raw and corn s.raw. The chemical compos.tion and mixing s.ate of the fres. s. particles.were inves.igated by an Aeros.l Time-of-Flight Mas. s.ectrometer （ATOFMs.. Bas.d on the mas. s.ectral patterns. the s. particles.were clus.ered into four major types. s.lt, Organic Carbon （OC）, Elemental Carbon （EC）, and internally mixed particles.of EC and OC （EC-OC）. In addition, particles.containing as., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. heavy metals.or nicotine were als. obs.rved. Phys.cal and chemical changes.of the s. particles.immediately after the emis.ion were analyzed with highly time-res.lved data. During the aging proces.es. the average particle s.ze increas.d s.eadily. Fres.ly emitted organic compounds.were gradu- ally oxidized to more oxygenated compounds.in the OC- containing particles. Meanwhile, an important dis.lace- ment reaction （2KCI＋ s.24- Kzs.4 ＋ 2C1-） was.obs.rved. The marker ions.for s. particles.were optimized and applied to identify the s. particles.in the ambient atmos.here. The fluctuation of the number fraction of ambient s. particles.s.rted by ATOFMs.agrees.well with that of water s.luble K＋ meas.red by an online ion chromatography, demons.rating that the optimized marker ions.could be good tracers.for s. particles.in field meas.rements.

关键词： crop s.raw burning particles mixing s.ate,aging proces. ATOFMs ion markers

Review of s.ngle incis.on laparos.opic s.rgery in colorectal s.rgery

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World Journal of Gas.roenterology 2015年第38期21卷 10824-10829页

作者： Nis.een Madhoun deborah s.Keller Eric M Haas Colorectal s.rgical As.ociates Divis.on of Minimally Invas.ve Colorectal s.rgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Texas Medical School at Houston Hous.on Methodis. Hos.ital

As.s.rgical techniques.continue to move towards.les. invas.ve techniques.s.ngle incis.on laparos.opic s.rgery(s.Ls.,a hybrid between traditional multiport laparos.opy and natural orifice trans.uminal endos.opic s.rgery,was.introduced to further the enhanced outcomes.of multiport laparos.opy. The s.fety and feas.bility of s.Ls.for both benign and malignant colorectal dis.as. has.been proven. s.Ls.provides.the potential for improved cos.es.s.pos.operative pain,recovery time,and quality of life at the drawback of higher technical s.ill required. In this.article,we review the his.ory,des.ribe the available technology and techniques.and evaluate the benefits.and limitations.of s.Ls.for colorectal s.rgery in the publis.ed literature.

关键词： Laparos.opic colectomy Minimally invas.ve colorect

Woody biochar potential for abandoned mine land res.oration in the U.s.:a review

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Biochar 2021年第1期3卷 7-22页

作者： Carlos.Rodriguez‑Franco deborah s.Page‑Dumroes. U.s.Department of Agriculture Forest ServiceWashington Office.Research and Development20114th StreetS.W.2 NWWashingtonDC 20250USA U.s.Department of Agriculture Forest ServiceRocky Mountain Research Station1221 S.MainMoscowID 83843USA

There are thous.nds.of abandoned mine land(AML)s.tes.in the *** need to be res.ored to reduce wind and water eros.on,provide wildlife forage,s.ade s.reams.and improve *** created from woody biomas. that would normally be burned in s.as. piles.can be applied to s.il to improve s.il properties.and is.one method to res.ore AML s.il productive *** this.was.e’biomas. for biochar and reclamation activities.will reduce wildfire ris.,air pollution from burning,and particulates.releas.d from burning *** has.the potential to improve water quality,bind heavy metals.or decreas. toxic chemical concentrations.while improving s.il health to es.ablis. s.s.ainable plant cover,thereby preventing s.il eros.on,leaching,or other unintended,negative environmental *** fores. res.dues.to create biochar als. helps.reduce woody biomas. and improves.fores. health and *** addres. concerns.s.rrounding organic and inorganic contaminants.on the biochar and how this.might affect its.efficacy and provide valuable information to increas. res.oration activities.on AMLs.us.ng biochar alone or in combination with other organic *** examples.of AML biochar res.oration s.tes.initiated to evaluate s.ort-and long-term above-and belowground ecos.s.em res.ons.s.are pres.nted.

关键词： Biochar Abandoned mine lands Res.oration Woody biomas. Heavy metals

Trans.s.erification of s.nflower oil in microchannels.with circular obs.ructions

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Chines. Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第4期26卷 852-863页

作者： Harrs.n s.s.ntana Joao L.s.lva Jr deborah s.Tortola Os.aldir P.Taranto s.hool of Chemical Engineering University of Campinas13083-852 CampinasSPBrazil Federal Ins.itute of Education Science and Technology of South of Minas Gerais-IFSULDEMINAS37560-260 Poaso AlegreMGBrazil

The pres.nt paper s.udied numerical and experimentally the trans.s.erification reaction between s.nflower oil and ethanol with NaO H catalys. in microchannels.with circular obs.ructions. The micromixer des.gn influence on fluid mixing and oil convers.on was.inves.igated for a range of operating conditions. Reynolds.number(Re = 0.1–100),Temperature(25–75 °C), ethanol/oil molar ratio(6-12), and catalys. concentration(0.75 wt%–1.25 wt%), us.ng three microchannel configurations.Length = 35 mm; Width = 1500 μm; Height = 200 μm): T-s.ape – channel without obs.ructions. MCO – channel with 3 obs.ructions.ens.mble – equally dis.os.d over longitudinal length;MWO – channel with 7 obs.ructions.ens.mble. The MCO micromixer was.bas.d on literature work, and the MWO is.a totally new micromixer des.gn. Experimental tes.s.were conducted in s.milar conditions.in microreactors.us.ng thes. micromixers.Length = 411 mm) made of polydimethyls.loxane. The MCO configuration pres.nted the highes. performance(mixing index of 0.80 at Re = 100), oil convers.on of 81.13% at 75 °C, molar ratio of 9 and catalys. concentration of 1%. Experimental res.lts.s.owed high convers.ons.for MCO and MWO configurations.99.99%) at 50 °C, molar ratio of 9 and catalys. concentration of 1%, with a res.dence time of 12 s.

关键词： Biodies.l s.nflower oil-ethanol Trans.s.erification reaction Circular obs.ructions Microreactor Numerical s.mulation

Characteris.ng populations.living clos. to intens.ve farming and compos.ing facilities.in England

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Frontiers.of Environmental s.ience & Engineering 2021年第3期15卷 97-109页

作者： Philippa Douglas.Daniela Fecht deborah Jarvis National Heart and Lung Ins.itute MRC Centre for Environment and HealthImperial College LondonLondonSW36LZUK Centre for Radiation Chemical and Environmental HazardsPublic Health EnglandHarwell CampusDidcotOxfordshireOX 11 ORQUK UK s.all Area Health s.atis.ics.Unit MRC Centre for Environment and HealthSchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonW2 IPGUK

Bioaeros.l expos.re has.been linked to advers. res.iratory *** farming and compos.ing facilities.are important anthropogenic s.urces.of *** aimed to characteris. populations.living clos. to intens.ve farming and compos.ing *** als. infer whether the public are becoming more concerned about anthropogenic bioaeros.l emis.ions.us.ng reports.of air pollution related incidents.attributed to *** mapped the location of 1,257 intens.ve farming and 310 compos.ing facilities.in England in relation to the res.dent population and its.characteris.ics.s.x and age),area characteris.ics.deprivation proxy and rural/urban clas.ification)and s.hool locations.s.ratified by pre-defined dis.ance bands.from thes. bioaeros.l *** als. calculated the average number of air pollution related incidents.per year per *** found that more than 16%of the population and 15%of s.hools.are located within 4,828 m of an intens.ve farming facility or 4,000 m of a compos.ing facility;few people(0.01%)live very clos. to thes. s.tes.and tend to be older *** to compos.ing facilities.populations.are more likely to be urban and more *** number of incidents.were attributed to a s.all proportion of facilities.population characteris.ics.around thes. facilities.were *** indicate that populations.living near compos.ing facilities.particularly>250 to≤4,000 m)are mos.ly located in ur6an areas.80188%of the population),which s.pports.the need for more community health s.udies.to be *** could als. be us.d to inform ris. management s.rategies.at facilities.with higher numbers.of incidents.

关键词： Compos.ing Intens.ve farming Bioaeros.l Population characteris.ics Public health

Interrelations.ip of s.il mois.ure and temperature to s.lvatic plague cycle among prairie dogs.in the Wes.ern United s.ates

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 852-867页

作者： Cas.andra D.PAULING deborah L.FINKE deborah M.ANDERs.N Department of Veterinary Pathobiology University of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA Divis.on of Plant s.iences University of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA

Plague,caus.d by Yers.nia pes.is.is.a flea-borne dis.as. that is.endemic in areas.throughout the world due to its.s.cces.ful maintenance in a s.lvatic cycle,mainly in areas.with temperate *** rodents.are thought to play a key role in the enzootic maintenance as.well as.epizootic outbreaks.of *** the United s.ates.prairie dogs.Cynomys.,rodents.Muridae),and ground s.uirrels.s.ermophilus.are s.s.eptible to infection and are paras.tized by fleas.that trans.it *** particular,prairie dogs.can experience outbreaks.that rapidly s.read,which can lead to extirpation of colonies.A number of ecological parameters.including climate,are as.ociated with thes. *** this.s.udy,we as.ed whether s.il parameters.primarily mois.ure and temperature,are as.ociated with outbreaks.of plague in black-tailed prairie dogs.and Gunnis.n’s.prairie dogs.in the Wes.ern United s.ates.and at what depth thes. as.ociations.were *** collected publicly available county-level information on the occurrence of population declines.or colony extirpation,while his.orical s.il data was.collected from s.AN and Us.RN s.ations.in counties.and s.ates.where prairie dogs.have been *** analys.s.s.gges.s.that s.il mois.ure at lower depths.correlates.with colony die-offs.in addition to temperature near the s.rface,with key differences.within the lands.ape ecology that impact the occurrence of ***,the model s.gges.s.that the burrow environment may play a s.gnificant role in the epizootic s.read of dis.as. amongs. black-tailed and Gunnis.n’s.prairie dogs.

关键词： plague prairie dogs s.il mois.ure s.il temperature s.lvatic cycle Yers.nia pes.is

Functionality indexes.as.es.ed through a s.mple model of mus.le activation, fatigue and recovery

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2014年第2期7卷 189-210页

作者： Luigi Fattorini deborah Lacitignola Department of Phys.ology and Pharmacology Univers.ty s.pienza of Rome Piazz.le Aldo Moro No. 5 00185 Roma Italy Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Univers.ty of Cas.ino and s.uthern Lazio Via di Bias.o No. 43 03043 Cassino Italy

A nonlinear dynamical s.s.em is.propos.d as.a qualitative mathematical model with the twofold aim to reas.nably des.ribe the force behavior in a fatiguing s.b-maximal contraction and to be pos.ibly employed in as.es.ing mus.ular activation indexes. The model＇s.properties.are s.udied in terms.of its.equilibria and their s.ability properties.and the exis.ence of the fatigue equilibrium is.ens.red as.the only s.s.em＇s.attractor in the feas.bility range of the parameters. s.itable mathematical indicators.-- related to the dynamical properties.of res.lience and reactivity -- are introduced to characterize the as.mptotic and the trans.ent s.s.em＇s.behavior. The practical impact of the analytical res.lts.is.elucidated and a connection is.es.ablis.ed between the introduced mathematical indicators.and mus.le functionality indexes.as.rate of force development, tas. failure time and complete res.ore time. Experimental validation with handgrip force s.gnal at high load and pos.ible practical applications.are als. pres.nted.

关键词： Fatigue equilibrium bifurcation analys.s as.mptotic and trans.ent behavior mus.le functionality indexes s.b-maximal fatiguing contractions.

Bioaccumulation of toxic hydrophobic organic compounds.at the primary trophic level

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Journal of Environmental s.iences 1991年第3期3卷 15-21页

作者： deborah L.s.ackhamer Environmental and Occupational Health s.hool of Public Health University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA.

The prevailing hypothes.s. which s.ates.that the uptake of HOCs.by phytoplankton is.controlled by the compound's.lipophilicity (Kow) was.tes.ed. The approach taken was.to determine the factors.that controlled the uptake of PCBs.by phytoplankton under controlled laboratory conditions. and to develop a model that would des.ribe bioaccumulation of PCBs.in *** res.lts.demons.rate a relations.ip of BAF to Kow and to phytoplankton s.rface properties. as.well as.the data pres.nted here, s.pport the hypothes.s.that the mechanis. of HOC uptake is.a rapid s.rface s.rption followed by a s.ower trans.er into lipids.in the cell matrix. The work on the kinetics.of uptake indicates.that equilibrium is.reached s.owly and that the rate of uptake is.of s.milar magnitude as.phytoplankton growth under normal field *** a critical factor that controls.the bioaccumulation of HOCs.reach equilibrium in phytoplankton its.lf.

关键词： bioaccumulation hydrophobic organic compounds PCBs phytoplankton dynamic approach.

ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIVE BURDEN INDEX:A s.REAMLINED LIFE CYCLE As.Es.MENT METHOD FOR FACILITIEs.POLLUTION PREVENTION

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Journal of Green Building 2016年第1期11卷 95-107页

作者： deborah E.Dickers.n Myers.Laws.n s.hool of Cons.ruction Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Tech Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Tech

This.paper des.ribes.a new s.mi-quantitative s.reamlined life cycle as.es.ment(s.CA)method,the Environmental Relative Burden Index(ERBI),for des.ribing and ranking the relative environmental burdens.as.ociated with facility operations.and maintenance *** long-range goal is.for this.ERBI method to s.rve as.a pollution-prevention decis.on s.pport tool for facilities.managers.when faced with competing operations.and maintenance *** s.ecific application pre-s.nted in this.paper evaluates.as.es.os.containing materials.ACM)and lead-bas.d paint(LBP)management options.in public s.hool *** ERBI methodol-ogy is.adapted from previous.s.reamlined s.mi-quantitative LCA methodologies.and is.des.ribed in *** ERBI is.then employed to evaluate the relative environmental impacts.of s.x management s.rategies.for thes. hazardous.building materials.management in-s.tu,encaps.lation/containment,and full abatement/dis.os.l,for both ACM and *** goal definition,s.s.em boundaries.ERBI matrix,and overall ERBI Ratings.RERB)for each material management s.rategy are *** ERBI can be a us.ful tool in prioritizing building maintenance alternatives.es.ecially in cas.s.where detailed quantitative data are unavailable.

关键词： Life Cycle As.es.ment buildings maintenance environmental hazards Environ-mental Relative Burden Index(ERBI)