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Characterising populations living close to intensive farming and composting facilities in England

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第3期15卷 97-109页

作者： Philippa Douglas Daniela Fecht deborah Jarvis National Heart and Lung Institute MRC Centre for Environment and HealthImperial College LondonLondonSW36LZUK Centre for Radiation Chemical and Environmental HazardsPublic Health EnglandHarwell CampusDidcotOxfordshireOX 11 ORQUK UK Small Area Health Statistics Unit MRC Centre for Environment and HealthSchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonW2 IPGUK

Bioaerosol exposure has been linked to adverse respiratory *** farming and composting facilities are important anthropogenic sources of *** aimed to characterise populations living close to intensive farming and composting *** also infer whether the public are becoming more concerned about anthropogenic bioaerosol emissions,using reports of air pollution related incidents attributed to *** mapped the location of 1,257 intensive farming and 310 composting facilities in England in relation to the resident population and its characteristics(sex and age),area characteristics(deprivation proxy and rural/urban classification)and school locations stratified by pre-defined distance bands from these bioaerosol *** also calculated the average number of air pollution related incidents per year per *** found that more than 16%of the population and 15%of schools are located within 4,828 m of an intensive farming facility or 4,000 m of a composting facility;few people(0.01%)live very close to these sites and tend to be older *** to composting facilities,populations are more likely to be urban and more *** number of incidents were attributed to a small proportion of facilities;population characteristics around these facilities were *** indicate that populations living near composting facilities(particularly>250 to≤4,000 m)are mostly located in ur6an areas(80188%of the population),which supports the need for more community health studies to be *** could also be used to inform risk management strategies at facilities with higher numbers of incidents.

关键词： Composting Intensive farming Bioaerosol Population characteristics Public health

Lessons from the lab:what I learned from Arnie Levine

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第7期11卷 551-552页

作者： deborah Freedman-Cass National Comprehensive Cancer Network■(NCCN■) Plymouth MeetingPA 19462USA

I have been invited to write about Dr Arnold *** from my prospective as one of his many graduate students,whom he counts as his Scientific children'.I will not expound on his scientific legacy or his important discoveries or their impact,leaving that to others in this *** stead,I will simply tell you what I learned from *** taught me many things;not by lecturing but by his actions.

关键词： Arnold graduate actions

Interrelationship of soil moisture and temperature to sylvatic plague cycle among prairie dogs in the Western United States

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 852-867页

作者： Cassandra D.PAULING deborah L.FINKE deborah M.ANDERSON Department of Veterinary Pathobiology University of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA Division of Plant Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA

Plague,caused by Yersinia pestis,is a flea-borne disease that is endemic in areas throughout the world due to its successful maintenance in a sylvatic cycle,mainly in areas with temperate *** rodents are thought to play a key role in the enzootic maintenance as well as epizootic outbreaks of *** the United States,prairie dogs(Cynomys),rodents(Muridae),and ground squirrels(Spermophilus)are susceptible to infection and are parasitized by fleas that transmit *** particular,prairie dogs can experience outbreaks that rapidly spread,which can lead to extirpation of colonies.A number of ecological parameters,including climate,are associated with these *** this study,we asked whether soil parameters,primarily moisture and temperature,are associated with outbreaks of plague in black-tailed prairie dogs and Gunnison’s prairie dogs in the Western United States,and at what depth these associations were *** collected publicly available county-level information on the occurrence of population declines or colony extirpation,while historical soil data was collected from SCAN and USCRN stations in counties and states where prairie dogs have been *** analysis suggests that soil moisture at lower depths correlates with colony die-offs,in addition to temperature near the surface,with key differences within the landscape ecology that impact the occurrence of ***,the model suggests that the burrow environment may play a significant role in the epizootic spread of disease amongst black-tailed and Gunnison’s prairie dogs.

关键词： plague prairie dogs soil moisture soil temperature sylvatic cycle Yersinia pestis

Functionality indexes assessed through a simple model of muscle activation, fatigue and recovery

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2014年第2期7卷 189-210页

作者： Luigi Fattorini deborah Lacitignola Department of Physiology and Pharmacology University Sapienza of Rome Piazz.le Aldo Moro No. 5 00185 Roma Italy Department of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Cassino and Southern Lazio Via di Biasio No. 43 03043 Cassino Italy

A nonlinear dynamical system is proposed as a qualitative mathematical model with the twofold aim to reasonably describe the force behavior in a fatiguing sub-maximal contraction and to be possibly employed in assessing muscular activation indexes. The model＇s properties are studied in terms of its equilibria and their stability properties and the existence of the fatigue equilibrium is ensured as the only system＇s attractor in the feasibility range of the parameters. Suitable mathematical indicators -- related to the dynamical properties of resilience and reactivity -- are introduced to characterize the asymptotic and the transient system＇s behavior. The practical impact of the analytical results is elucidated and a connection is established between the introduced mathematical indicators and muscle functionality indexes as rate of force development, task failure time and complete restore time. Experimental validation with handgrip force signal at high load and possible practical applications are also presented.

关键词： Fatigue equilibrium bifurcation analysis asymptotic and transient behavior muscle functionality indexes sub-maximal fatiguing contractions.

Bioaccumulation of toxic hydrophobic organic compounds at the primary trophic level

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1991年第3期3卷 15-21页

作者： deborah L.Swackhamer Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public Health University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA.

The prevailing hypothesis, which states that the uptake of HOCs by phytoplankton is controlled by the compound's lipophilicity (Kow) was tested. The approach taken was to determine the factors that controlled the uptake of PCBs by phytoplankton under controlled laboratory conditions, and to develop a model that would describe bioaccumulation of PCBs in *** results demonstrate a relationship of BAF to Kow and to phytoplankton surface properties, as well as the data presented here, support the hypothesis that the mechanism of HOC uptake is a rapid surface sorption followed by a slower transfer into lipids in the cell matrix. The work on the kinetics of uptake indicates that equilibrium is reached slowly and that the rate of uptake is of similar magnitude as phytoplankton growth under normal field *** a critical factor that controls the bioaccumulation of HOCs reach equilibrium in phytoplankton itself.

关键词： bioaccumulation hydrophobic organic compounds PCBs phytoplankton dynamic approach.

ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIVE BURDEN INDEX:A STREAMLINED LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT METHOD FOR FACILITIES POLLUTION PREVENTION

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Journal of Green Building 2016年第1期11卷 95-107页

作者： deborah E.Dickerson Myers-Lawson School of Construction Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Tech Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Tech

This paper describes a new semi-quantitative streamlined life cycle assessment(SLCA)method,the Environmental Relative Burden Index(ERBI),for describing and ranking the relative environmental burdens associated with facility operations and maintenance *** long-range goal is for this ERBI method to serve as a pollution-prevention decision support tool for facilities managers,when faced with competing operations and maintenance *** specific application pre-sented in this paper evaluates asbestos-containing materials(ACM)and lead-based paint(LBP)management options in public school *** ERBI methodol-ogy is adapted from previous streamlined semi-quantitative LCA methodologies and is described in *** ERBI is then employed to evaluate the relative environmental impacts of six management strategies for these hazardous building materials:management in-situ,encapsulation/containment,and full abatement/disposal,for both ACM and *** goal definition,system boundaries,ERBI matrix,and overall ERBI Ratings(RERB)for each material management strategy are *** ERBI can be a useful tool in prioritizing building maintenance alternatives,especially in cases where detailed quantitative data are unavailable.

关键词： Life Cycle Assessment buildings maintenance environmental hazards Environ-mental Relative Burden Index(ERBI)

Piperine,an active ingredient of black pepper attenuates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第12期3卷 971-976页

作者： Evan Prince Sabina Annie deborah Harris Souriyan deborah Jackline Mahaboob Khan Rasool School of Biological Sciences and Technology VIT University Vellore - 632 014Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To explore the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of piperine against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in ***:In mice,hepatotoxicity was induced by a single dose of acetaminophen(900 mg/kg b.w.i.p.).Piperine(25 mg/kg b.w.i.p.) and standard drug silymarin(25 mg/kg b.w.i.p.) were given to mice,30 min after the single injection of *** 4 h,the mice were *** of liver marker enzymes [(aspartate transaminase(AST),alanine transaminase(ALT),and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)]and inflammatory mediator tumour necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) were estimated in serum,while lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status(superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase,glutathione-s-transferase and glutathione) were determined in liver homogenate of control and experimental ***:Acetaminophen induction(900 mg/kg b.w.i.p.) significantly increased the levels of liver marker enzymes,TNF-α,and lipid peroxidation,and caused the depletion of antioxidant *** and silymarin treatment to acetaminophen challenged mice resulted in decreased liver marker enzymes activity,TNF-αand lipid peroxidation levels with increase in antioxidant ***:The results clearly demonstrate that piperine shows promising hepatoprotective effect as comparable to standard drug silymarin.

关键词： Pipeline Hepatoprotective Antioxidant enzymes Lipid peroxidation TNF-α

Effect of organic acids—essential oils blend and oat fiber combination on broiler chicken growth performance, blood parameters, and intestinal health

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 1039-1051页

作者： deborah I.Adewole Samson Oladokun Elizabeth Santin Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture Faculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroNSB2N 5E3Canada b JEFO Nutrition Inc.Saint-HyacintheQC J2R 2E7Canada

This study evaluated the effect of organic acids-essential oils blend with or without oat hulls(OH)on growth performance,organ weights,blood parameters,gut morphology,microbiota,and short-chain fatty acids(SC FA)in ***-old broiler chickens were randomly allocated to 4 dieta ry treatments consisting of 1)a corn-soybean meal-wheat based diet(BAS),2)BAS+0.05%bacitracin methylene disalicylate(BMD),3)BAS+protected organic acids-essential oils at 300 g/1,000 kg of feed(OE),and 4)BAS+protected organic acids-essential oils at 300 g/1,000 kg of feed+3%OH(OEOH),in 8 replicate *** was in starter(d0 to 14),grower(d 14 to 24),and finisher(d 24 to 36)*** weight(BW),feed intake(FI),feed conversion ratio(FCR),and mortality were determined *** d 36,8 chickens per treatment were sampled for blood biochemistry,organ weights,cecal SCFA production,and *** had no effect on FI and FCR at all *** OE and OEOH treatments reduced(P<0.001)the body weight gain of birds at the starter *** fed the OEOH treatment had higher(P<0.001)gizzard weight,while those offered the BMD diet showed a tendency(P=0.08)to have higher cecal *** in the OEOH treatment recorded increased ileal villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio,as well as reduced duodenal crypt depth,while birds in the OE treatment had increased j ej unal villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth *** OEOH and OE treatments increased the number of goblet cells produced in the duodenum and *** had no effecton SCFA *** in the OE treatment recorded the lowest concentration of blood urea(P=0.05)and cholesterol(P<0.05).Both OE and OEOH treatments increased(P<0.05)the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria in the genus Firmicutesunclassified,Ruminococcus,Turicibacter,and Erysipelotrichaceaeunclassified,while reducing(P<0.001)the relative abundance of potentially harmful ***,bo

关键词： Organic acid Essential oil Oat hull Broiler chicken Ceca microbiota

Vitamin C ameliorated cardiac autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetic rats

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World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第3期11卷 52-65页

作者： Temitope deborah Fabiyi-Edebor Department of Physiology Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti

BACKGROUND Vitamin C(VC)is a common antioxidant with cell protection ***,its possible protective effect on cardiac autonomic nerves from diabetic induced insults is yet to be *** To investigate the effects of VC on diabetic cardiac autonomic *** Thirty male Wistar rats were equally grouped into control,diabetic and diabetic+*** 2 diabetes was induced with fructose diet and ***(1 g/kg)was administered for 4 wk via oral *** pressure and heart rate were measured non-invasively using tail flick blood pressure *** analysis of heart rate variability(HRV)was used to assess cardiac autonomic *** was collected from the ocular sinus for biochemical ***(1 g/kg-ip)was used for anaesthesia prior to HRV and cervical dislocation to harvest *** autonomic nerve was assessed using tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry on fixed heart *** Results were analysed using ANOVA atα*** VC and control groups,diabetic rats showed significantly(P<0.0001)reduced HRV,increased heart-rate and blood pressure,initial increase in cardiac tyrosine hydroxylase activities at week-2 and sparse activity at week-4 of ***,apolipoprotein B,Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were significantly(P<0.01)reduced in VC treated *** VC possesses cardio-autonomic nerve protective potential and ameliorates the symptoms of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in type 2 *** possible mechanisms via which VC exert these effects may be via downregulation of oxidative stress,inflammation and apolipoprotein B.

关键词： Vitamin C Oxidative stress Heart rate variability Tyrosine hydroxylase Autonomic nerve Neuropathy Type 2 diabetes