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Analysis of TiO2 for microelectronic applications:effect of deposition methods on their electrical properties

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2011年第4期4卷 349-358页

作者： davinder rathee Sandeep K ARYA Mukesh KUMAR Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology Department of Electronics Science Kurukshetra University

Metal oxide semiconductor（MOS） device down-scaling is a powerful driving force for the evolution of microelectronics. The downsizing rate of metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors（MOSFETs） is really marvelous. Silicon dioxide（SiO2） has served as a perfect gate dielectric for the last four decades. Due to physical limitations, leakage current, high interface trap charge it now needs to be replaced with higher permittivity dielectric material. Keeping the motivation for the search of high-k materials, extensive studies have been carried out on several metal oxides, such as ZrO2, Ta2O5, TiO2, Al2O3and HfO2for the replacement of SiO2. The high dielectric constant（k） of titanium dioxide（TiO2） will open multifaceted prospects for the use of this material in microelectronic devices. In this paper, a comparative study of various deposition methods for fabrication of thin TiO2films has been presented. This work uses a combination of simulation results, experimental data and critical analysis of published data. Further, an experiment using sol-gel method has been carried out to deposit thin films of TiO2. It has been characterized and compared with the earlier reported fabrication methods. The X-ray diffraction analyses and Raman spectra indicate the presence of anatase TiO2phase in the film. The dielectric constant as calculated using capacitance-voltage（C-V） analysis was found to be 23. The refractive index of the film was *** TiO2films studied for microelectronic applications and present acceptable properties such as low leakage current density of 1.0×10–5A/cm at 1 V and band gap of 3.6 eV. The leakage current has been found to be dominant by the Schottky emission at lower electric field, while Flower-Nordheim（F-N） tunneling occurs at higher biasing voltages.

关键词： titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) high- k material sol-gel thin films atomic force microscopy (AFM) capacitance-voltage ( C-V ) analysis

Preparation and Characterization of TiO<sub>2</sub>and SiO<sub>2</sub>Thin Films

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World Journal of Nano Science and Engineering 2011年第3期1卷 84-88页

作者： davinder rathee Sandeep K. Arya Mukesh Kumar 不详

Although scaling will continue for couple of decades but device geometries reaches to atomic size and limitation of quantum mechanical physical boundaries. To address these problems there is need of innovation in material science & engineering, device structure, and new nano devices based on different principle of physics. So TiO2 thin films have been grown on well clean N-type silicon substrates via a sol–gel spin coating method. MOS capacitor were fabricated and characterized with SiO2 and TiO2 as dielectric material on N-type silicon wafer. The thickness was measured by stylus profiler and found to be 510 ? and 528 ? for SiO2 and TiO2 respectively. Some of the material parameters were found from the measured Capacitance -Voltage (C-V) curve obtained by SUPREM-III (Stanford University Process Engineering Model Version 0-83) for SiO2 and C-V Keithly 590 analyzer for TiO2 thin films. The result shows that obtained TiO2 film present a dielectric constant of approximately 80. The refractive index was found to be 2.4 and optical constant was 5.43 obtained from Ellipsometry. Band gap 3.6 eV of TiO2 was calculated by spectrophotometer and Surface morphology was obtained using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM-JEOL) micrograph. The aluminum (Al) metal was deposited by the thermal evaporation system on the back side of the sample for the ohmic contact. Analysis shows that TiO2 may be acceptable as a viable substitute for high k dielectric in order to prevent the tunneling current problems.

关键词： Thin Films Sol-Gel Capacitance-Voltage Curve TiO2 Flat Band Voltage

Pharmacological potential of Manilkara zapota(L.)***(Sapodilla):a narrative review

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第2期44卷 403-407页

作者： Priyanka Sharma Aakash Deep Harish Kumar Nitin Bansal Sanjiv Kumar Arun davinder Kumar Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chaudhary Bansi Lal UniversityBhiwani 127021India Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharishi Dayanand UniversityRohtak 124001India

Herbal medicine is safe and effective in treating various *** herbal medicine plays a tremendous role in treatment of various diseases and accompanying complications,hence herbal medicine requires remarkable attention in further research for the development of numerous active formulations for treatment of health *** plant needs special consideration for development and research of unidentified compound and characterization of novel active molecules that overcome multiple pathological *** genus Manilkara contains 135 plants around the *** overview discusses all the virtues of most important and commonly used plant Manilkara zapota(L.)***(***),also known as *** has various traditional beneficial effects in treatment of various diseases and disorders dating back to prehistoric times and used in ancient traditional system of herbal medicine.

关键词： herbal medicine Manilkara zapota phytoconstituents pharmacological activity review

121份澳大利亚小麦材料抗条锈病鉴定及分子检测

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植物病理学报 2024年

作者：黄洁杨金叶 davinder Singh Peng Zhang Robert F.Park 王保通李强西北农林科技大学植物保护学院作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室 Plant Breeding Institute The University of Sydney

条锈病是世界范围内小麦上的重要病害，培育和种植抗病品种是防治条锈病最经济有效的措施。为明确澳大利亚小麦材料的抗条锈病水平及所含抗条锈病基因，本研究利用8个澳大利亚小麦条锈菌流行小种对121份小麦材料进行了苗期抗性鉴定，同... 详细信息

条锈病是世界范围内小麦上的重要病害，培育和种植抗病品种是防治条锈病最经济有效的措施。为明确澳大利亚小麦材料的抗条锈病水平及所含抗条锈病基因，本研究利用8个澳大利亚小麦条锈菌流行小种对121份小麦材料进行了苗期抗性鉴定，同时应用小麦抗条锈病基因Yr5、Yr9 (1B/1R)、Yr10、Yr15、Yr17及Yr26的特异性分子标记进行了分子检测。结果表明，121份小麦材料中，21份(17.35%)对所有供试条锈菌小种均表现抗病，7份(5.79%)均表现感病，其他材料对一个或多个条锈菌小种表现抗病。分子检测结合抗病性鉴定结果显示，3份(2.48%)可能含有Yr5基因，15份(12.40%)可能含有Yr9,9份(7.44%%)可能含有Yr10,6份(4.96%)可能含有Yr17,19份(15.70%)可能含有Yr26，没有检测到Yr15基因。此外，其中13份材料同时检测到两个或两个以上的抗条锈病基因，还有19份材料可能含有其他已知或未知的抗条锈基因。本研究为121份澳大利亚小麦材料的合理利用和小麦抗病育种提供了科学依据。

关键词：小麦条锈病抗性鉴定抗病基因分子检测

Geo-environmental application of municipal solid waste incinerator ash stabilized with cement

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第2期9卷 370-375页

作者： davinder Singh Arvind Kumar Department of Civil Engineering Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandharPunjabIndia

The behavior of soluble salts contained in the municipal solid waste incinerator(MSWI) ash significantly affects the strength development and hardening reaction when stabilized with *** present study focuses on the compaction and strength behavior of mixed specimens of cement and MSWI ash.A series of indices such as unconfined compressive strength,split tensile strength,California bearing ratio(CBR) and pH value was *** to this,the specimens were cured for 7 d,14 d,and 28 *** test results depict that the maximum dry density(MDD) decreases and the optimum moisture content(OMC)increases with the addition of *** test results also reveal that the cement increases the strength of the mixed ***,the combination of MSWI ash and cement can be used as a lightweight filling material in different structures like embankment and road construction.

关键词： Municipal solid waste incinerator(MSWI) ash Cement Compaction Stabilization California bearing ratio(CBR) test Geotechnical properties

PAPR Reduction in Massive MU-MIMO-OFDM Systems Using the Proximal Gradient Method

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2019年第1期4卷 88-94页

作者： davinder Singh R.K.Sarin Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Dr.B.R.Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandharPunjabIndia-144011

In this paper,we address the issue of peak-to-average power ratio(PAPR)reduction in large-scale multiuser multiple-input multiple-output(MU-MIMO)orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(OFDM)*** reduction and the multiuser interference(MUI)cancellation problem are jointly formulated as an l_(∞)-norm based composite convex optimization problem,which can be solved efficiently using the iterative proximal gradient *** proximal operator associated with l_(∞)-norm is evaluated using a low-cost sorting *** proposed method adaptively chooses the step size to accelerate *** results reveal that the proximal gradient method converges swiftly while provid-ing considerable PAPR reduction and lower out-of-band radiation.

关键词： OFDM MU-MIMO PAPR reduction proximal operator proximal gradient method

Synthesis,antimicrobial evaluation and QSAR studies of 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzylidene/4-nitrobenzylidene hydrazides

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2011年第11期22卷 1293-1296页

作者： davinder Kumar Archana Kapoor Ananda Thangadurai Pradeep Kumar Balasubramanian Narasimhan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology Hisar 125001India Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy Tiruchengode 637205India Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak 124001India

A series of 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzylidene/4-nitrobenzylidene hydrazides（1-20） was synthesized and tested for in vitro antimicrobial *** results of antimicrobial studies indicated that the compounds having dinitro,methoxy,hydroxy and nitro substituents on phenyl ring of the aromatic acids were most active *** QSAR investigation indicated the importance of the topological parameter,third order molecular connectivity index（~3x） in describing the antimicrobial activity of synthesized hydrazides.

关键词： Benzylidene hydrazides Synthesis Antimicrobial mt-QSAR LOO method

Rare double fracture-dislocation of the thumb： a case report and review of the literature

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2013年第4期16卷 240-242页

作者： davinder Singh Loveneesh G Krishna Sunil Dhaka Surender Kumar Sumit Arora Central Institute of Orthopaedics Vardhman MahavirMedical College & Safdarjung Hospital New Delhi 110029India

Simultaneous fracture/dislocation of the thumb carpometacarpal （CMC）joint and dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal （MCP） joint is considered as a rare injury pattern. We report an unusual case of dorsal disloca- tion of MCP joint of the thumb associated with extraarticular fracture of the base of the first metacarpal in a 28-year-old man. The dislocation of MCP joint had been missed during initial presentation at a peripheral centre. The patient made an uneventful recovery following open reduction and fixa- tion with 1.25 mm Kirschner wire of the MCP joint along with repair of the ulnar collateral ligament. This injury pat- tern has not been previously reported to the best of our knowledge in the English-language based medical literature.

关键词： Carpometacarpaljoints Metacarpopha- langeal joint Thumb

Robotic Intra-Operative Ultrasound:Virtual Environments and Parallel Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第5期8卷 1095-1106页

作者： Shuangyi Wang James Housden Tianxiang Bai Hongbin Liu Junghwan Back davinder Singh Kawal Rhode Zeng-Guang Hou Fei-Yue Wang the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of AutomationBeijing 100190China the School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King’s College LondonLondon SE17EHUK the Xtronics Ltd.Gravesend DA122ADUK

Robotic intra-operative ultrasound has the potential to improve the conventional practice of diagnosis and procedure guidance that are currently performed *** towards automatic or semi-automatic ultrasound,being able to define ultrasound views and the corresponding probe poses via intelligent approaches become *** on the concept of parallel system which incorporates the ingredients of artificial systems,computational experiments,and parallel execution,this paper utilized a recent developed robotic trans-esophageal ultrasound system as the study object to explore the method for developing the corresponding virtual environments and present the potential applications of such *** proposed virtual system includes the use of 3 D slicer as the main workspace and graphic user interface(GUI),Matlab engine to provide robotic control algorithms and customized functions,and PLUS(Public software Library for Ultra Sound imaging research)toolkit to generate simulated ultrasound *** implementation methods were presented and the proposed features of the system were *** on this virtual system,example uses and case studies were presented to demonstrate its capabilities when used together with the physical TEE *** includes standard view definition and customized view optimization for pre-planning and navigation,as well as robotic control algorithm evaluations to facilitate real-time automatic probe pose *** conclude,the proposed virtual system would be a powerful tool to facilitate the further developments and clinical uses of the robotic intra-operative ultrasound systems.

关键词： Medical robots parallel intelligence parallel systems robotic-assisted surgery robotic ultrasound