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Competitive effect, but not competitive response, varies along a climatic gradient depending on tree species identity

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 142-151页

作者： Teresa Valor Lluís Coll david I.Forrester Hans Pretz.ch Miren del Río Kamil Bielak Bogdan Brz.z.ecki Franz.Binder Torben Hilmers z.z.na Sitková Roberto Tognetti Aitor Amez.egui Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering(DCEFA) University of LleidaAv.Alcalde Rovira Roure 191E25198 LleidaSpain Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO-CERCA Ctra.Sant LlorençKm.225280SolsonaSpain Swiss Federal Institute of Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSLZürcherstrasse 1118903BirmensdorfSwitzerland CSIRO Land and Water GPO Box 1700CanberraACT2601Australia Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science School of Life Sciences WeihenstephanTechnical University of MunichHans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz-Platz 285354FreisingGermany Forest Research Center INIA-CSICCtra.A Coruña Km 7.528040MadridSpain IuFOR Sustainable Forest Management Research InstituteUniversity of Valladolid&INIASpain Department of Silviculture Institute of Forest SciencesWarsaw University of Life SciencesNowoursynowska 159/3402776WarsawPoland Bavarian State Institute of Forestry(LWF) Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 1D-85354FreisingGermany National Forest Centre Forest Research InstituteT.G.Masaryka 2296001ZvolenSlovakia Faculty of Agricultural Environmental and Food SciencesFree University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Università1 I-39100Bolzano

Background: Understanding the role of species identity in interactions among individuals is crucial for assessing the productivity and stability of mixed forests over time. However, there is limited knowledge concerning the variation in competitive effect and response of different species along climatic gradients. In this study, we investigated the importance of climate, tree siz., and competition on the growth of three tree species: spruce(Picea abies), fir(Abies alba), and beech(Fagus sylvatica), and examined their competitive response and effect along a climatic ***: We selected 39 plots distributed across the European mountains with records of the position and growth of 5,759 individuals. For each target species, models relating tree growth to tree siz., climate and competition were proposed. Competition was modelled using a neighbourhood competition index that considered the effects of inter-and intraspecific competition on target trees. Competitive responses and effects were related to *** methods and information theory were used to select the best ***: Our findings revealed that competition had a greater impact on target species growth than tree siz. or climate. Climate did influence the competitive effects of neighbouring species, but it did not affect the target species? response to competition. The strength of competitive effects varied along the gradient, contingent on the identity of the interacting species. When the target species exhibited an intermediate competitive effect relative to neighbouring species, both higher inter-than intraspecific competitive effects and competition reduction occurred along the gradient. Notably, species competitive effects were most pronounced when the target species' growth was at its peak and weakest when growing conditions were far from their ***: Climate modulates the effects of competition from neighbouring trees on the target tree and not the susceptibility of th

关键词： Competition coefficient Competition reduction Interspecific competition Intraspecific competition Mixing effects Mixed species forest Neighbourhood models Plant-plant interactions

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Apoptosis in inner ear sensory hair cells

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Journal of Otology 2017年第4期12卷 151-164页

作者： Seth Morrill david z.z. He Creighton University 2500 California Plaza Omaha NE 68102 USA

Apoptosis, or controlled cell death, is a normal part of cellular lifespan. Cell death of cochlear hair cells causes deafness; an apoptotic process that is not well understood. Worldwide, 1.3 billion humans suffer some form of hearing loss, while 360 million suffer debilitating hearing loss as a direct result of the absence of these cochlear hair cells(Worldwide Hearing, 2014). Much is known about apoptosis in other systems and in other cell types thanks to studies done since the mid-20 th century. Here we review current literature on apoptosis in general, and causes of deafness and cochlear hair cells loss as a result of apoptosis. The family of B-cell lymphoma(Bcl) proteins are among the most studied and characteriz.d. We will review current literature on the Bcl2 and Bcl6 protein interactions in relation to apoptosis and their possible roles in vulnerability and survival of cochlear hair cells.

关键词： Apoptosis Hair cell Bcl2 Bcl6

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Normaliz.d Rare Earth Elements in Water, Sediments, and Wine: Identifying Sources and Environmental Redox Conditions

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2013年第10期4卷 69-83页

作者： david z. Piper Michael Bau Geological Survey Menlo Park USA Jacobs University Bremen Germany

The concentrations of the rare earth elements (REE) in surface waters and sediments, when normaliz.d on an element-by-element basis to one of several rock standards and plotted versus atomic number, yield curves that reveal their partitioning between different sediment fractions and the sources of those fractions, for example, between terrestrial-derived lithogenous debris and seawater-derived biogenous detritus and hydrogenous metal oxides. The REE of ancient sediments support their partitioning into these same fractions and further contribute to the identification of the redox geochemistry of the sea water in which the sediments accumulated. The normaliz.d curves of the REE that have been examined in several South American wine varietals can be interpreted to reflect the lithology of the bedrock on which the vines may have been grown, suggesting limited fractionation during soil development.

关键词： Rare Earth Elements Cerium Redox Seawater/Sediment Sources

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Forge AHEAD with stricter criteria in future trials of embolic stroke of undetermined source

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1009-1010页

作者： david z.Rose Scott E.Kasner Department of Neurology Morsani College of MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampaFLUSA Department of Neurology Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA

What lurks within the crypt?With more than 200 known causes of is chemic stroke(Saver,2016),what should be the minimum work up?Many centers offer high-resolution brain imaging and vessel studies,telemetry monitoring f... 详细信息

关键词： strict thoracic centers

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Optimiz.tion of ultrasonic parameters for effective detachment of biofilm cells in an actual drinking water distribution system

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Journal of z.ejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2020年第3期21卷 167-178页

作者： Hong-xi PENG Yu SHAO Yi-fu z.ANG Ruo-wei WANG david z.z.U Huan-yu CHEN Jing-qing LIU College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Civil Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Civil and Environmental Engineering Department University of AlbertaAlberta T6G 2R3Canada Binhai Industrial Technology Research Institute of z.ejiang University Tianjin 300301China

It is important to obtain a considerable quantity of DNA from oligotrophic environments such as a drinking water distribution system(DWDS)to study microbial communities by molecular biotechnology,and DNA yield is always one of the biggest problems when performing metagenomic sequencing on drinking water *** obtain as many microbes as possible,ultrasound has been widely used in cell detachment,but studies on the optimal ultrasonic parameters for biofilm in DWDS have rarely been *** effects of three ultrasonic parameters,including power,duration,and the number of ultrasound treatments(USTs)on the selected monoculture bacteria(Pelomonas sp.)biofilm were studied *** the optimal values of each ultrasonic parameter were initially *** on these values,three levels of each ultrasonic parameter were selected,and then an orthogonal experiment was conducted to further study drinking water biofilm,and finally the optimal ultrasonic parameters for the effective separation of biofilm cells in DWDS were *** results showed that the optimal ultrasonic power,duration,and the number of USTs are 13 W,1 min,and 15,respectively.A 20-min interval is needed between two *** present optimal UST,which does not lose DNA quality,can increase the amount of extractable DNA by at least 4.78 times compared to samples without *** study provides a pretreatment methodology for extracting more and reliable DNA from biofilm in DWDS,and can better solve the problem of DNA collection in oligotrophic environments.

关键词： Biofilm Drinking water distribution system(DWDS) DNA yield DNA quality Ultrasound treatment(UST)

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Dynamics of the outflow and its effect on the hydraulics of two-layer exchange flows in a channel

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2011年第6期1卷 26-30页

作者： Hesham Fouli david z. z.u Department of Civil Engineering King Saud University P.O. Box 800 Riyadh 11421 Saudi Arabia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada T6G 2W2

This paper reports that an experimental study is conducted to examine the dynamics of the outflow in two-layer exchange flows in a channel connecting between two water bodies with a small density difference. The experiments reveal the generation of Kelvin-Helmholtz.(KH) instabilities within the hydraulically sub-critical flow region of the channel. During maximal exchange, those KH instabilities develops into large-amplitude KH waves as they escape the channel exit into the reservoir. The propagation speed of those waves, their generation frequency and their amplitudes are studied. The dynamics of the outflow and these waves are directly linked to the hydraulic conditions of the exchange flow within the channel.

关键词： exchange flows Kelvin-Helmholtz.instabilities reservoirs and channel shear waves

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基于多因素容量衰减的退役动力电池储能系统控制

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控制工程 2024年

作者：王康力蔡骏 Adrian david Cheok 李涛张欣南京信息工程大学自动化学院安徽建筑大学机械与电气工程学院浙江大学电气工程学院

针对退役动力电池应用于不同场景的经济性问题，提出了一种考虑多因素电池容量衰减的动力电池梯次利用及其优化控制方法。综合考虑放电深度、电池荷电水平以及电池自放电造成的容量衰减，建立了动力电池容量衰减模型，并结合雨流计数法... 详细信息

针对退役动力电池应用于不同场景的经济性问题，提出了一种考虑多因素电池容量衰减的动力电池梯次利用及其优化控制方法。综合考虑放电深度、电池荷电水平以及电池自放电造成的容量衰减，建立了动力电池容量衰减模型，并结合雨流计数法估计动力电池寿命。将梯次电池储能系统应用于用户侧与电网侧，储能系统成本包括投资成本与运维成本，其中，运行成本考虑了电池容量衰减成本。在用户侧考虑储能系统项目期间的总收益最大，包括电价峰谷套利以及减少两部制电价下用户的需量电费；在电网侧考虑储能系统参与负荷调峰的效益。最后，针对不同场景进行了算例仿真。结果表明，所提出的动力电池梯次利用及其优化控制方法可以在延长储能系统寿命的同时提高经济性。

关键词：退役动力电池电池容量衰减电池储能系统控制电池容量衰减成本

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Sulfide elimination by intermittent nitrate dosing in sewer sediments

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第1期27卷 259-265页

作者： Yanchen Liu Chen Wu Xiaohong z.ou david z.z.u Hanchang Shi School of Environment Tsinghua University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta

The formation of hydrogen sulfide in biofilms and sediments in sewer systems can cause severe pipe corrosions and health haz.rds, and requires expensive programs for its prevention. The aim of this study is to propose a new control strategy and the optimal condition for sulfide elimination by intermittent nitrate dosing in sewer sediments. The study was carried out based on lab-scale experiments and batch tests using real sewer sediments. The intermittent nitrate dosing mode and the optimal control condition were investigated. The results indicated that the sulfide-intermittent-elimination strategy by nitrate dosing is advantageous for controlling sulfide accumulation in sewer sediment. The oxidation–reduction potential is a sensitive indicator parameter that can reflect the control effect and the minimum N/S（nitrate/sulfide）ratio with slight excess nitrate is necessary for optimal conditions of efficient sulfide control with lower carbon source loss. The optimal control condition is feasible for the sulfide elimination in sewer systems.

关键词： Sewer system Sulfide elimination Sediment Optimal condition Intermittent nitrate dosing

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Simulation of open channel flows by an explicit incompressible mesh-free method

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2023年第2期35卷 287-298页

作者： z.i-jian Huang Ti-bing Xu david z.z.u Song-da z.ang School of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geography Science Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaAlbertaCanada Ningbo River Management Center Ningbo315303China

In this study,to simulate open channel flows,an explicit incompressible mesh-free method is employed in which the pressure field is obtained by explicitly solving the pressure Poisson *** capture the velocity information in open channel flows,the source term in the pressure Poisson equation is modified while the spatial discretiz.tion of gradient and Laplacian models is based on the moving particle semi-implicit(MPS)*** inflow boundary condition is treated by injecting fluid particles into the domain according to the inlet discharge,and the outflow condition is handled by prescribing the pressure distribution and removing the fluid particles beyond the *** explicit incompressible mesh-free method is then used to simulate open channel flows,including weir flow,hydraulic jump,and flow over an *** the simulations,velocity distribution and flow pattern are *** simulated results are compared to available experimental measurements and other numerical *** is a good agreement between the simulated results and the experimental *** shows that the explicit incompressible mesh-free method can reproduce the flow characteristics in the open channel flows.

关键词： Mesh-free method explicit scheme weir flow hydraulic jump velocity distribution

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Diversity of foliar endophytes in wind-fallen Picea abies trees

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第3期54卷 69-77页

作者： Ondřej Koukol Miroslav kolařík z.z.na kolářová Petr Baldrian Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceCharles University in PragueBenátská212801 Prague 2Czech Republic Laboratory of Genetics Physiology and Bioengineering of FungiInstitute of Microbiology of the ASCRv.v.i.Vídeňská108314220 Prague 4Czech Republic Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology Institute of Microbiology of the ASCRv.v.i.Vídeňská108314220 Prague 4Czech Republic

The unmanaged Norway spruce montane forests in the Bohemian Forest National Park(Cz.ch Republic)suffered from repeated large-scale bark beetle outbreaks in last *** this study,the diversity of culturable foliar endophyte microfungi in needles originating from eleven recently wind-fallen trees in this area was *** aims were to describe their diversity and to determine the relative host and organ specificities of isolated endophyte species to estimate the species pool and abundance of foliar endophytes before the forest *** were isolated from surface-steriliz.d needles,and the outgrowing strains were identified based on morphological and molecular characteristics(analyses of ITS1,ITS2 and partial 28S rDNA).Fungal communities in the needles were diverse,with ascomycetes(mostly anamorphs of Helotiales)dominating *** most frequent species(Phacidiopycnis sp.,Cistella acuum,Sirococcus *** two species of Chalara)did not correspond with those recorded in previous studies of Picea *** example,the widely distributed Lophodermium piceae was rarely recorded in this *** pattern may be caused by different methods of steriliz.tion and cultivation or by physiological characteristics of the needles,or it may reflect the species distribution in the studied *** of the Helotiales,along with sequences from GenBank,showed substantial overlap in host affinities,most prominently between Pinus and Picea,and also among species from distant plant lineages.

关键词： Morphospecies ITS rDNA Culturable microfungi Phacidiopycnis Host affinity

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