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Phase field modeling with large driving forces

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 623-631页

作者： Jin Zhang Alexander F.Chadwick david l.Chopp Peter W.Voorhees Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA

There is growing interest in applying phase field methods as quantitative tools in materials discovery and ***,large driving forces,common in many materials systems,lead to unstable phase field profiles,thus requiring fine spatial and temporal *** demands more computational resources,limits the ability to simulate systems with a suitable size,and deteriorates the capability of quantitative ***,we develop a strategy to map the driving force to a constant perpendicular to the *** with the third-order interpolation function,we find a stable phase field profile that is independent of the magnitude of the driving *** power of this approach is illustrated using three *** demonstrate that by using the driving force extension method,it is possible to employ a grid size orders of magnitude larger than traditional *** approach is general and should apply to many other phase field models.

关键词： forces interpolation apply

Neutropenia in colorectal cancer treated with oxaliplatin-based hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: An observational cohort study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2020年第5期12卷 549-558页

作者： Peter H Cashin lana Ghanipour Malin Enblad david l Morris Department of Surgical Sciences Section of SurgeryUppsala UniversityAkademiska SjukhusetUppsala 75185Sweden Department of Surgery University of New South WalesSydney 2217New South WalesAustralia

BACKGROUND The implications of neutropenia after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC)treatment have never been *** To evaluate the occurrence of neutropenia and its effect on the risk of increased Clavien-Dindo morbidity as well as its effect on overall or disease-free *** All patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases(1996-2015)completing cytoreductive surgery and oxaliplatin-based HIPEC treatment from a biinstitutional database(Uppsala and Sydney)were included in the ***-Dindo grade 3-4 morbidity differences between the neutropenia group vs nonneutropenia group were calculated and Kaplan-Meier curves with log rank test were *** and multivariable Cox regression models for diseasefree survival were *** Two hundred and forty-six patients were identified–32 postoperative any-grade neutropenia patients and 214 non-neutropenia *** neutropenia group had more combination oxaliplatin+irinotecan treatment than the nonneutropenia group(66%vs 13%,P=0.0001).The neutropenia group was not associated with increased Clavien-Dindo grade 3-4 *** overall survival was 53 mo vs 37 mo for the neutropenia and non-neutropenia group,P=*** disease-free survival was 16 mo vs 11 mo,respectively,P=*** was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival with hazard ratio:0.58,95%confidence interval:0.36-0.95,P=*** 13%of patients developed neutropenia which was not associated with increased Clavien-Dindo grade 3-4 *** was an independent positive prognostic factor for disease-free survival and was associated with more intense HIPEC *** is in direct contrast to the current paradigm of decreasing the treatment intensity.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Peritoneal metastases Cytoreductive surgery Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy Oxaliplatin Neutropenia

Effect of Clay Minerals on Transport of Surfactants Dispersed Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes in Porous Media

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第1期91卷 135-144页

作者： ZHANG Wei ZHANG Fawang HAN Zhantao lü Xiaoli lIN Daohui david WERNER Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Shijiazhuang 050061 China Key laboratory of Groundwater Remediation of Hebei Province and China Geological Survey Shijiazhuang 050061 China Institute of Karst Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Guilin 541004 China Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310028 China School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Newcastle University NE1 7RU England U.K

Clay minerals can hinder the transport of various contaminants in soil and aquifer, but how clay minerals affect the transport of nanoparticles in aquifers has not been investigated in depth. In this paper, the transport of surfactants dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotubes（MWCNTs） in welldefined quartz sand and mixtures of quartz sand and clay minerals（kaolinite and montmorillonite） with varying ionic strengths was studied. Sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate（SDBS） and octyl-phenolethoxylate（TX100） MWCNT suspensions can migrate through quartz sand easily, but the presence of less than 2% w/w clay minerals in quartz sand can significantly hinder the transport of MWCNT suspensions, especially at high ion strength（0.6 m M CaCl2）. The inhibition mechanism of clay minerals for surfactant-dispersed MWCNTs in porous media is the interception of MWCNTs. Kaolinite has stronger inhibition effect for MWCNTs transport than montmorillonite because more kaolinite can be retained in the quartz sand. Adsorption of surfactants by clay minerals does not affect the transport of MWCNTs significantly. This finding is important for the environmental assessment of MWCNT transport risks in soils and aquifers.

关键词： Multi-walled carbon nanotubes clay mineral surfactant colloid transport porous media

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Insect Science 2018年第2期25卷 241-250页

作者： Fei Yang Mao Chen Anilkumar Gowda david l. Kerns Fangneng Huang Department of Entomology Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Monsanto Company Chesterfield Monsanto USA

The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis （E）, is a major maize borer pest and a target of transgenic maize expressing Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt） proteins in South America and the mid-southern region of the United States. Evolution of resistance in target pest populations is a great threat to the long-term efficacy of Bt crops. In this study, we compared the genetic basis of resistance to CrylAb protein in 3 resistant colonies of sugarcane borer established from field populations in louisiana, USA. Responses of larvae to the CrylAb protein for the parental and 10 other cross colonies were assayed in a diet-incorporated bioassay. All 3 resistant colonies were highly resistant to the CrylAb protein with a resistance ratio of 〉 5 5 5.6 fold. No maternal effect or sex linkage was evident for the resistance in the 3 colonies; and the resistance was functionally nonrecessive at the CrylAb concentrations of 〈 3.16 μg/g, but it became recessive at 〉10μg/g. In an interstrain complementation test for allelism, the Fl progeny from crosses between any 2 of the 3 resistant colonies exhibited the similar resistance levels as their parental colonies, indicating that the 3 colonies most likely shared a locus of CrylAb resistance. Results generated from this study should provide useful information in developing effective strategies for managing Bt resistance in the insect.

关键词： Bacillus thuringiensis Diatraea saccharalis genetics interstrain comple-mentation test resistance

Rare-earth and trace elements and hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of Cretaceous kaolinitic sediments from the lower Benue Trough, Nigeria: provenance and paleoclimatic significance

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Acta Geochimica 2019年第3期38卷 350-363页

作者： Anthony T.Bolarinwa Sunday O.Idakwo david l.Bish Department of Geology University of Ibadan Department of Earth Sciences Kogi State University Department of Geological Sciences Indiana University

This study evaluated the Cretaceous(Campanian–Maastrichtian) kaolinitic sediments of the Ajali/Mamu and Enugu/Nkporo Formations from the lower Benue Trough of Nigeria. A combined method of inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry and isotope ratio mass spectrometry was used to investigate trace and rareearth element geochemistry and hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions. These data were then used to infer the sediments' provenance and paleoclimatic conditions during their deposition. The sediments contained low concentrations of most trace elements, with the exceptions of Zr(651–1352 ppm), Ba(56–157 ppm), V(38–90 ppm),and Sr(15.1–59.6 ppm). Average values of Co and Ni were1.5 and 0.7 ppm, respectively. Trace and rare earth element values were lower than corresponding values for upper continental crust and Post-Archean Australian Shale, with the exception of Zr. The samples showed only slight light rare-earth enrichment and nearly flat heavy rare-earth depletion patterns, with negative Eu and Tm anomalies,typical of felsic sources. Geochemical parameters such as la/Sc, Th/Sc, and Th/Co ratios support that the kaolinitic sediments were derived from a felsic rock source, likely deposited in an oxic environment.^(18 )O values ranged from+ 15.4 to + 21.2% for the investigated samples, consistent with a residual material derived from chemicalweathering of felsic rock and redeposited in a sedimentary basin(typical values of + 19 to + 21.2%). While in the basin, the sediments experienced extended interactions with meteoric water enriched in d D and d16 O. However,the variation in d D and d16 O values for the investigated samples is attributed to the high temperature of formation(54–91 °C). The d D and d^(18 )O values suggest that the sediments, although obtained from different localities within the lower Benue Trough, formed under similar hot,tropical climatic conditions.

关键词： Rare-earth and trace elements Oxygen/ hydrogen isotopic composition Kaolinitic sediments lower Benue Trough Nigeria

Acute drivers of neuroinflammation in traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第9期14卷 1481-1489页

作者： Kathryn l.Wofford david J.loane D.Kacy Cullen Center for Brain Injury&Repair Department of NeurosurgeryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Center for Neurotrauma Neurodegeneration&RestorationCorporal Michael J.Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical CenterPhiladelphiaPAUSA School of Biomedical Engineering Science and Health SystemsDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Anesthesiology and Shock Traumaand Anesthesiology Research(STAR)CenterUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA School of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute Trinity College DublinIreland Department of Bioengineering School of Engineering and Applied ScienceUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Neuroinflammation is initiated as a result of traumatic brain injury and can exacerbate evolving tissue *** cells respond to acute signals from damaged cells,initiate neuroinflammation,and drive the pathological consequences over ***,the mechanism(s)of injury,the location of the immune cells within the brain,and the animal species all contribute to immune cell behavior following traumatic brain *** the signals that initiate neuroinflammation and the context in which they appear may be critical for understanding immune cell contributions to pathology and *** this paper,we review a number of factors that could affect immune cell behavior acutely following traumatic brain injury.

关键词： traumatic brain injury inflammation neuroinflammation microglia macrophage acute diffuse brain injury cytokines adenosine 5′-triphosphoate glutamate calcium

Presentation, patterns and predictive value of baseline liver tests on outcomes in COVID-19 patients without chronic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第42期27卷 7350-7361页

作者： david Bernstein Nitzan Roth Angela Kim Marica Epstein david Hirschwerk Charlotte l Kvasnovsky Sanjaya K Satapathy Department of Medicine/Hepatology Northwell HealthZucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellManhassetNY 11030United States Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine Northwell HealthZucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellManhassetNY 11030United States Cohen Children's Medical Center Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellNew Hyde ParkNY 11042United States

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection is known to cause abnormal hepatic *** long term consequences of such elevations are *** To assessed the prevalence and prognostic value of initial liver enzymes in a large cohort of COVID-19 *** We reviewed electronic medical records of 10614 COVID-19 patients without known chronic liver disease who were admitted to our health system from March 1,2020,to April 30,*** analyzed baseline demographics and liver *** primary outcome was in-hospital mortality,and the secondary outcome was a composite of in-hospital mortality or need for mechanical *** Subjects with abnormal liver tests had increased risks of mortality and composite outcome when compared to patients with normal measurements on unadjusted analysis and after adjustment for demographic *** In our diverse patient population,liver enzyme abnormalities are associated with increased mortality and the need for mechanical ventilation in subjects without chronic liver *** patients are at the greatest risk for poor outcomes.

关键词： COVID-19 liver enzymes Outcomes Predictors

Stochastic Earned Duration Analysis for Project Schedule Management

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Engineering 2022年第2期8卷 148-161页

作者： Fernando Acebes david Poza JoséManuel González-Varona Adolfo lópez-Paredes GIR INSISOC-Department of Business Organization and CIM School of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of ValladolidValladolid 47011Spain

Earned duration management(EDM)is a methodology for project schedule management(PSM)that can be considered an alternative to earned value management(EVM).EDM provides an estimation of devia-tions in schedule and a final project duration *** is a key difference between EDM and EVM:In EDM,the value of activities is expressed as work periods;whereas in EVM,value is expressed in terms of *** this paper,we present how EDM can be applied to monitor and control stochastic *** explain the methodology,we use a real case study with a project that presents a high level of uncertainty and activities with random *** analyze the usability of this approach according to the activities network topology and compare the EVM and earned schedule methodology(ESM)for PSM.

关键词： Earned duration management Earned value management Stochastic project control Duration forecasting Uncertainty

p-Cresol mineralization and bacterial population dynamics in a nitrifying sequential batch reactor

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第9期26卷 1885-1893页

作者： Carlos david Silva lizeth Beristain-Montiel Flor de Maria Cuervo-lópez Anne-Claire Texier Department of Biotechnology-CBS Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-IztapalapaMexico City 09340Mexico Department of Process and Technology-CNI Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-CuajimalpaMexico City 05300Mexico

The ability of a nitrifying sludge to oxidize p-cresol was evaluated in a sequential batch reactor （SBR）. p-Cresol was first transformed to p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and p-hydroxybenzoate, which were later mineralized. The specific rates of p-cresol consumption increased throughout the cycles. The bacterial population dynamics were monitored by using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis 0DGGE） and sequencing of DGGE fragments. The ability of the sludge to consume p-cresol and intermediates might be related to the presence of species such as Variouorax paradoxus and Thauera mechernichensis, p-Cresol （25 to 200 mg C/l） did not affect the nitrifying SBR performance （ammonium consumption efficiency and nitrate production yield were close to 100% and 1, respectively）. This may be related to the high stability observed in the nitrifying communities. It was shown that a nitrifying SBR may be a good alternative to eliminate simultaneously ammonium and p-cresol, maintaining stable the respiratory process as the bacterial community.

关键词： Nitrificationp-Cresol oxidationSequential batch reactorPopulation dynamicsEcological indices