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中国非瓣膜性心房颤动患者华法林使用不足的相关因素分析

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中国新药杂志 2012年第11期21卷 1203-1209页

作者：王春娟王春雪王拥军王伊龙赵性泉刘丽萍 david z.Wang 李昊杨中华首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经内科北京100050 美国伊利诺伊大学医学院伊利诺伊卒中中心与卒中网皮奥利亚61605

目的:评估中国首发缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的已知非瓣膜性心房颤动(NVAF)患者华法林的使用情况及使用不足的相关因素。方法:从中国国家卒中登记数据库(CNSR)中连续筛选首发缺血性卒中或TIA的NVAF患者,筛选已知心房颤动和新... 详细信息

目的:评估中国首发缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的已知非瓣膜性心房颤动(NVAF)患者华法林的使用情况及使用不足的相关因素。方法:从中国国家卒中登记数据库(CNSR)中连续筛选首发缺血性卒中或TIA的NVAF患者,筛选已知心房颤动和新发心房颤动患者,评估华法林在适合抗凝治疗的已知心房颤动患者中的使用比例。采用多变量logistic回归模型评估华法林使用不足的相关因素。结果:在筛选出的11 080例首发缺血性卒中或TIA患者中,有996例(9.7%)患者存在NVAF且无抗凝治疗禁忌症,其中有592例既往已知存在心房颤动。在这些患者中,只有96例(16.2%)发病前服用了华法林,496例(83.8%)发病前未服用华法林。在服用华法林的患者中,只有1例患者入院时的国际标准化比值(INR)在治疗范围(2.0～3.0)内。依据CHADS2卒中风险评分,在卒中发生前的低危心房颤动患者中,有近20.2%的患者服用了华法林,而在中危及高危患者中,华法林的服用比例分别只有15.2%和16.4%。年老的和既往存在冠心病病史的患者服用华法林的可能性较小,而发病前服用抗血小板药物的患者更有可能服用华法林。结论:CNSR中首发缺血性卒中或TIA的NVAF患者中,适宜抗凝治疗的患者存在严重的华法林使用不足,即使接受抗凝治疗,达标率也极低。如果发病前给予合适的抗凝治疗并监测,许多由心房颤动导致的卒中和TIA就可避免。

关键词：首发卒中心房颤动抗凝治疗华法林抗栓治疗

Wastewater surveillance provides 10-days forecasting of COVID-19 hospitaliz.tions superior to cases and test positivity:A prediction study

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第4期8卷 1138-1150页

作者： Dustin T.Hill Mohammed A.Alaz.wi E.Joe Moran Lydia J.Bennett Ian Bradley Mary B.Collins Christopher J.Gobler Hyatt Green Tabassum z.Insaf Brittany Kmush Dana Neigel Shailla Raymond Mian Wang Yinyin Ye david A.Larsen Department of Public Health Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13244USA Center for Environmental Health New York State Department of HealthAlbanyNYUSA CDC Foundation AtlantaGAUSA Department of Civil Structural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Sustainability Studies DivisionStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA Institute for Advanced Computational Science Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA New York State Center for Clean Water Technology Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA Department of Environmental Biology State University of New York College of Environmental Science and ForestrySyracuseNYUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthUniversity at AlbanyRensselaerNYUSA Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering and Applied SciencesStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA

Background:The public health response to COVID-19 has shifted to reducing deaths and hospitaliz.tions to prevent overwhelming health *** amount of SARS-CoV-2 RNA fragments in wastewater are known to correlate with clinical data including cases and hospital admissions for *** developed and tested a predictive model for incident COVID-19 hospital admissions in New York State using wastewater ***:Using county-level COVID-19 hospital admissions and wastewater surveillance covering 13.8 million people across 56 counties,we fit a generaliz.d linear mixed model predicting new hospital admissions from wastewater concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from April 29,2020 to June 30,*** included covariates such as COVID-19 vaccine coverage in the county,comorbidities,demographic variables,and holiday ***:Wastewater concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA correlated with new hospital admissions per 100,000 up to ten days prior to *** that included wastewater had higher predictive power than models that included clinical cases only,increasing the accuracy of the model by 15%.Predicted hospital admissions correlated highly with observed admissions(r¼0.77)with an average difference of 0.013 hospitaliz.tions per 100,000(95%CI¼[0.002,0.025])Interpretation:Using wastewater to predict future hospital admissions from COVID-19 is accurate and effective with superior results to using case data *** lead time of ten days could alert the public to take precautions and improve resource allocation for seasonal surges.

关键词： COVID-19 hospitaliz.tions Wastewater-based epidemiology Forecasting Prediction SARS-CoV-2

Investigation on reversible pump turbine flow structures and associated pressure field characteristics under different guide vane openings

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第11期62卷 2052-2074页

作者： BINAMA Maxime SU WenTao CAI WeiHua LI FengChen WEI Xianz.u MUHIRWA Alex GONG Ruz.i WEKESA david W School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Energy and Power Shenyang Institute of Engineering Shenyang 110136China School of Energy and Power Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin 132012China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China State Key Laboratory of Hydropower Equipment Harbin Institute of Large Electric MachineryHarbin 150040China

The use of reversible pump turbines(RPT) within pumped storage power plants goes with prolonged periods of off-design operating conditions, which leads to the onset of operating mode-dependent instabilities. In order to decrease the gravity of RPT flow instabilities and associated damages or even completely eliminate them, a deep understanding of its onset and development mechanism is needed. In line with this, the present study seeks to numerically investigate the onset and development mechanism of RPT unsteady flow structures as well as the evolutional characteristics of associated pressure pulsations throughout the RPT complete flow passage, under off-design conditions for three GVOs namely 17, 21, and 25 mm. The study results showed that low torque operating conditions and associated vaneless space back flow structures were the trigger of flow unsteadiness onset within the RPT vaneless space, the instabilities which grew to cause the S-shape characteristics appearance. Moreover, the runner flow unsteadiness was found to decrease with the GVO increase. On the other hand, the GVO increase worsened the pressure pulsation levels within RPT flow z.nes, where pressure pulsations within the vaneless space and flow z.nes in its vicinities were found to be the most sensitive to GVO changes.

关键词： reversible pump-turbine flow unsteadiness pressure pulsation guide vane opening numerical simulation

Endogenous Norepinephrine Desensitiz.s α_1D-Adrenoceptors in Cultured Rat Aorta

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第10期11卷 168-180页

作者： Itz.ll Alejandrina Gallardo-Ortíz.Jesús david Gómez.Rodríguez.Juan Javier López.Guerrero Santiago C. Sigrist-Flores Rafael Villalobos-Molina Unidad de Biomedicina Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tlalnepantla México Carrera de Enfermería Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tlalnepantla México Ciencias de la Salud Unidad Xochimilco Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Ciudad de México México Carrera de Médico Cirujano Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tlalnepantla México

Desensitiz.tion is a process characteriz.d by the loss of cellular response to an agonist when this is present for a long time. α1D-adrenergic receptor (α1D-AR) desensitiz.tion is important since this receptor is involved in the contraction of large caliber arteries, such as the aorta. The aim of this research was to evaluate the desensitiz.tion of α1D-AR due to the endogenous release of norepinephrine in cultured rat aorta. Wistar rat aorta was incubated for 2 h or 24 h in DMEM at 37°C, and then subjected to isometric tension and the action of added norepinephrine, in concentration-response curve (CRC). In some experiments, BMY-7378 (α1D-AR antagonist) or 5-methylurapidil (α1A-AR antagonist) was used to identify the α1-AR involved in the response, or BMY-7378 to protect the α1D-AR from desensitiz.tion. Results showed that α1D-AR was desensitiz.d when the aorta was incubated for 24 h, since the CRC to exogenous norepinephrine showed lower maximal contraction and the curve was displaced to the right, indicating that the receptor involved in contraction was not the α1D-AR, as compared to the aorta incubated 2 h. The receptor stimulated by norepinephrine at 24 h was neither the α1A-AR, as shown by the lack of displacement of the curve by 5-methylurapidil, but rather it seems that α1B-AR is inducing contraction. When the aorta was incubated with BMY-7378 for 24 h, the α1D-AR antagonist protected the receptor from desensitiz.tion. Endogenous norepinephrine desensitiz.s α1D-AR in the cultured aorta, and the α1D-AR is protected by BMY-7378.

关键词： Desensitiz.tion Norepinephrine α1D-Adrenergic Receptor BMY-7378 Rat Aorta

Cyclic load testing of pre-stressed rock anchors for slope stabiliz.tion

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第1期13卷 126-136页

作者： z.ENG Da LIU Fang-z.ou JU Neng-pan FROST J.david HUANG Run-qiu State Key Laboratory of Geohaz.rd Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of Technology School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

The objective of this research was to assess the characteristics of seismic induced damage and the deformation patterns of pre-stressed cement-grouted cables that are used for rock slope stabiliz.tion projects subjected to quasi-static cyclic *** experimental configuration includes the installation of 15 pre-stressed cables in a slope model made of concrete blocks(theoretically rigid rock mass) on top of a pre-existing sliding *** study showed that:(i) The pre-stressed cables exhibited great seismic *** displacement of the model blocks was observed after the complete loss of the initial pre-stress load under continued applied cyclic loads and exceedance of the state of equilibrium,which implies the higher the initial pre-stress load,the better the seismic performance of the rock anchor;(ii) The failure of the pre-stressed cables was due to fracture at the connection of the tendons and cable heads under cyclic *** sequence of failure had a distinct *** was first observed at the upper row of cables,which experienced the most severe damage,including the ejection of cable *** evidence of de-bonding was observed during the cyclic loading;(iii) The stress distribution of the bond length for pre-stressed cables was highly *** stress concentrations were observed at both the fixed end and the free end of the bond length both before and immediately after the state of equilibrium is *** results obtained can be used to evaluate the overall performance of pre-stressed rock anchors subject to seismic loading and their potential as rockfall prevention and stabiliz.tion measures.

关键词： stabiliz.tion rock sliding stressed cable blocks anchor ejection implies experienced

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未来手机不需要电池

中外管理 2017年第8期 22-22页

作者： david z. Morris

近日，华盛顿大学研究人员进行了一项实验，实验者通过不使用电池的手机进行了首次蜂窝式通话。这款手机比较简陋，除了收发语音信号、支持一副耳机外，没有任何其他功能。而日．既没有屏幕也没有内存。使用这款设备接通通话后，要按下... 详细信息

近日，华盛顿大学研究人员进行了一项实验，实验者通过不使用电池的手机进行了首次蜂窝式通话。这款手机比较简陋，除了收发语音信号、支持一副耳机外，没有任何其他功能。而日．既没有屏幕也没有内存。使用这款设备接通通话后，要按下一个按键才能开始对话。该设备使用无线电源和小型太阳能充电器供电。实验中，研究人员使用的是Skype。

关键词：手机电池设备使用华盛顿大学 Skype 研究人员人员使用实验

Novel Cryo-EM structures of the D1 dopamine receptor unlock its therapeutic potential

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第6期6卷 1634-1635页

作者： david R.Sibley Kathryn D.Luderman RBenjamin Free Lei Shi Molecular Neuropharmacology Section National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeIntramural Research ProgramNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery BranchNational Institute on Drug AbuseIntramural Research ProgramNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA

Three recent articles published in Cell1,2 and Cell Research3 have reported multiple cryo-electron microscopy(cryo-EM)structures of the D1 dopamine receptor(DRD1)bound to either dopamine,various DRD1 agonists,or a positive allosteric modulator(PAM),while in complex with the active heterotrimeric Gs *** studies describe for the first time active-state structures of the DRD1,an exciting advancement in the field that will allow for a better understanding of selective agonist binding,DRD1 activation,G protein selectivity,and the provision of multiple templates to facilitate future drug design and discovery for this important therapeutic target.

关键词： selectivity activation potential

Does light-intensity physical activity moderate the relationship between sitting time and adiposity markers in adolescents?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第5期11卷 613-619页

作者： Ana María Contardo Ayala Jo Salmon david W.Dunstan Lauren Arundell Anna Timperio Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition(IPAN) School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongVIA 3125Australia Physical Activity Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVIA 3004Australia Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research Australian Catholic UniversityMelbourneVIA 3000Australia

Background:While the relationship between sedentary time and adiposity markers may be independent of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity(MVPA) among adolescents,little is known about the role of light-intensity physical activity(LIPA) in this *** aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether device-measured LIPA and MVPA moderate the associations between objectively measured sitting time and adiposity markers(body mass index(BMI)) and waist circumference(WC)) among ***:This study included accelerometer and inclinometer data obtained from 219 adolescents(age=14.9±1.6 years,mean± SD),collected during 2014 and 2015 in Melbourne,*** GT3 X accelerometers were used to determine time spent in total-LIPA(101 counts/min to 3.99 metabolic equivalents(METs)) was dichotomiz.d into low-LIPA(101-799 counts/min) and high LIPA(800 counts/min to 3.99 METs),and MVPA(> 4 METs).The average time spent sitting was obtained from activPAL *** measures were assessed by trained *** between sitting and total-LIPA,low-LIPA,high-LIPA,and MVPA on BMI z.score(z.MI) and WC z.score(z.C),respectively,were examined using linear regression,adjusting for age and sex;and moderation by total-LIPA,low-LIPA,high-LIPA,and MVPA were examined by adding interaction *** interaction effects were probed by comparing associations at the mean and at 1 SD below and above the ***:Total-LIPA significantly moderated the association between sitting time and z.MI,and low-LIPA significantly moderated the association between sitting time and z.MI and *** other associations were found for total-LIPA,high-LIPA,or ***,at high levels of total-LIPA(+1 SD),there is a negative association between sitting time and *** addition,at high levels of low-LIPA(+1 SD),there is a negative association between sitting time and z.MI and ***:Associations between sitting and adiposit

关键词： Adolescents Anthropometric measures Obesity Physical activity Sedentary behavior Sitting time

Chassis Coordinated Control for Full X-by-Wire Vehicles-A Review

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2021年第2期34卷 1-25页

作者： Lei z.ang z.iqiang z.ang z.enpo Wang Junjun Deng david G.Dorrell National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center for Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa

An X-by-wire chassis can improve the kinematic characteristics of human-vehicle closed-loop system and thus active safety especially under emergency scenarios via enabling chassis coordinated *** paper aims to provide a complete and systematic survey on chassis coordinated control methods for full X-by-wire vehicles,with the primary goal of summariz.ng recent reserch advancements and stimulating innovative *** condition identification including driver’s operation intention,critical vehicle states and road adhesion condition and integrated control of X-by-wire chassis subsystems constitute the main framework of a chassis coordinated control *** steering and braking maneuvers,different driving condition identification methods are described in this *** are the trigger conditions and the basis for the implementation of chassis coordinated *** the vehicles equipped with steering-by-wire,braking-by-wire and/or wire-controlled-suspension systems,state-of-the-art chassis coordinated control methods are reviewed including the coordination of any two or three chassis ***,the development trends are discussed.

关键词： X-by-wire systems Chassis coordinated control Driving condition identification Active safety