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Human endogenous retroviruses: ammunition for myeloid cells in neurodegenerative diseases?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第6期15卷 1043-1044页

作者： Joel Gruchot david Kremer Patrick Küry Department of Neurology NeuroregenerationMedical FacultyHeinrich-Heine-University

Activation of myeloid cells by human endogenous retroviral entities:While the exact causes of neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis(MS)or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)are still elusive,there is evidence of a new category of pathogenic elements called human endogenous retroviruses(HERVs)which seem to contribute to their evolution and progression by exerting inflammatory and degenerative effects(Kury et al.,2018).HERVs are ancient retroviral elements which account for up to 8%of the human genome and it is known that environmental factors can trigger their(re-)expression(Kury et al.,2018).The resulting production of viral particles and/or proteins,especially from members of the HERV-W and HERV-K family,is strongly correlated with the onset and progression of neurological diseases,such as MS and ALS(Kury et al.,2018).

关键词： endogenous diseases al.

Estimating the subsolar magnetopause position from soft X-ray images using a low-pass image filter

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 173-183页

作者： Hyangpyo Kim Hyunju K.Connor Jaewoong Jung Brian M.Walsh david Sibeck Kip D.Kuntz Frederick S.Porter Catriana K.Paw U Rousseau A.Nutter Ramiz Qudsi Rumi Nakamura Michael Collier Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences8042 GrazAustria Geophysical Institute University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Howard University WashingtonDC 20059USA

The Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)missions will image the Earth’s dayside magneto pause and cusps in soft X-rays after their respective launches in the near future,to specify glo bal magnetic reconnection modes for varying solar wind *** suppo rt the success of these scientific missions,it is critical to develop techniques that extract the magnetopause locations from the observed soft X-ray *** this research,we introduce a new geometric equation that calculates the subsolar magnetopause position(RS)from a satellite position,the look direction of the instrument,and the angle at which the X-ray emission is *** assumptions are used in this method:(1)The look direction where soft X-ray emissions are maximized lies tangent to the magnetopause,and(2)the magnetopause surface near the subsolar point is almost spherical and thus RSis nea rly equal to the radius of the magneto pause *** create synthetic soft X-ray images by using the Open Geospace General Circulation Model(OpenGGCM)global magnetohydrodynamic model,the galactic background,the instrument point spread function,and Poisson *** then apply the fast Fourier transform and Gaussian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic images to re move noise and obtain accurate look angles for the soft X-ray pea *** the filte red images,we calculate RS and its accuracy for different LEXI locations,look directions,and solar wind densities by using the OpenGGCM subsolar magnetopause location as ground *** method estimates RS with an accuracy of10 *** accuracy improves for greater solar wind densities and during southward interplanetary magnetic *** method ca ptures the magnetopause motion during southwa rd interplaneta ry magnetic field ***,the technique will enable quantitative analysis of the magnetopause motion and help reveal the daysi

关键词： soft X-ray magnetopause reconnection low-pass filter LEXI SMILE

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南美圭亚那地盾热带森林淘金热的起因及后果

AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2007年第B12期36卷 623-631页

作者： david S. Hammond Valéry Gond Benoit de Thoisy Pierre-Michel Forget Bart P. E. DeDijn 王胜（译） NWFS咨询公司负责人 Département Forēt du CIRAD UPR 36 Route de Montabo BP 165 97323 Cayenne cedex French Guiana Association Kwata BP 672 F-97335 Cayenne cedex French Guiana Muséum National d＇Histoire Naturelle Département Ecologie et Gestion de la Biodiversite UMR 5176 CNRS-MNHN 4 av.du Petit Chāteau F- 91800 Brunoy Bart De Dijinenvironmental consultancy Koffielaan 30 Paramaribo Suriname 不详

历史时间序列及遥感数据的统计与空间分析都表明,在亚马孙东北部的圭亚那地盾上,黄金生产的空间分布和增长之间存在着关联。结果表明,在一个不断扩大的区域中,产量呈指数增长,这主要是对1971～1978年国际金价市场浮动的滞后反应。随后,... 详细信息

历史时间序列及遥感数据的统计与空间分析都表明,在亚马孙东北部的圭亚那地盾上,黄金生产的空间分布和增长之间存在着关联。结果表明,在一个不断扩大的区域中,产量呈指数增长,这主要是对1971～1978年国际金价市场浮动的滞后反应。随后,平均虚价(实价)上升了10倍(2倍),这造成了极具吸引力的经济刺激,导致了低等级金矿的大量开采。采矿行为的地面分布及遥感分布与那些在该区域黄金地质中占优势的矿床密切相关。在保护区和可持续发展的木材生产地区内,这些含金地层的出现触发了该区域的社会矛盾,导致环境退化。有25万多km^2被划为保护区和可持续经营的热带林区处于无人管理状态,由于缺乏综合资源利用规划,没有进行恢复工作,对非法作业失去控制,受价格驱动的采金业繁荣最终会将这些地区推入危险境地。在无节制的采矿环境中充斥着严重的公共卫生问题,这进一步抵消了采金获得的财政收入。本研究部分地证明,那些曾成功地稳定了更为著名的全球经济中心的国际经济政策是如何对偏远的商品新地域造成了无意识却又深刻的环境和社会影响。

关键词：圭亚那淘金热带森林地盾南美公共卫生问题遥感数据环境退化

Forming-free flexible memristor with multilevel storage for neuromorphic computing by full PVD technique

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第1期60卷 21-26页

作者： Tian-Yu Wang Jia-Lin Meng Qing-Xuan Li Lin Chen Hao Zhu Qing-Qing Sun Shi-Jin Ding david Wei Zhang State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System School of MicroelectronicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Flexible resistive random access memory(RRAM) has shown great potential in wearable *** tunable multilevel resistance states,flexible memristors could be used to mimic the bio-synapses for constructing high-efficient wearable neuromorphic computing ***,the flexible substrate has intrinsic disadvantages including low-tempe rature tolerance and poor complementary metal-oxidesemiconductor(CMOS) compatibility,which limit the development of flexible *** physical vapor deposition(PVD) fabrication process could prepare RRAM without requirement of further treatment,which greatly simplified preparation steps and reduced the production *** the other hand,forming process,as a common pre-programing operation in RRAM,increases the energy consumption and limits the application scenarios of ***,a NiO-based forming-free RRAM with low set voltage was fabricated via full PVD *** flexible device exhibited reliable re sistive switching characteristics under flat state even compre s sive and tensile states(R=10 mm).The tunable multilevel resistance states(5 levels) could be obtained by controlling the compliance ***,synaptic plasticities also were verified in this *** flexible NiO-based RRAM shows great potential in wearable forming-free multibit memo ry and neuromorphic computing electronics.

关键词： Full PVD process Flexible memristor Forming-free Multilevel storage Neuromorphic application

Coronavirus disease 2019 and renal transplantation

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第27期9卷 7986-7997页

作者： Mahmoud Nassar Nso Nso Jonathan Ariyaratnam Jasmine Sandhu Mahmoud Mohamed Bahaaeldin Baraka Atif Ibrahim Mostafa Alfishawy david Zheng Harangad Bhangoo Karim M Soliman Matthew Li Vincent Rizzo Ahmed Daoud Department of Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai(NYC Health and Hospitals:Queens)New YorkNY 10029United States Department of Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTN 38163United States Department of Oncology Southend University HospitalNHS Foundation TrustEssex SS00RYUnited Kingdom Renal Division Department of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTN 38163United States Infectious Diseases Infectious Diseases Consultants and Academic Researchers of Egypt IDCARECairo 0000Egypt Department of Medicine Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSC 29425United States Department of Clinical Pharmacy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai(NYC Health and Hospitals:Queens)New YorkNY 10029United States Department of Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai(NYC Health and Hospitals:Queens)New YorkNY 11373United States Department of Medicine Kasr Alainy Medical SchoolCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt

Ever since the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus causing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)struck the world,global health strategies have changed *** to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,kidney transplant recipients are stratified as being high risk of developing fatal illness from COVID-19 *** transplant is the gold-standard treatment for end-stage kidney disease *** the pandemic,significant concerns have emerged regarding continuation of kidney transplant surgeries and management of kidney transplant recipients *** added risk of immunosuppression in this cohort was and remains a theoretical concern,posing a potential risk of transplantation rather than *** comprehensive review aims to cover most of the faced challenges in kidney transplantation in different stages of the *** addition,it will elucidate the epidemiology,nature,course of the disease,surgical consideration in donors and recipients as well as role of immunosuppression and management of COVID-19 infected kidney transplant recipients during these extraordinary circumstances.

关键词： Renal transplantation COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Kidney failure

Functional recovery and muscle atrophy in pre-clinical models of peripheral nerve transection and gap-grafting in mice:effects of 4-aminopyridine

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 439-444页

作者： Jung Il Lee M A Hassan Talukder Zara Karuman Anagha A.Gurjar Prem Kumar Govindappa Jagadeeshaprasad M.Guddadarangaiah Kristen M.Manto Grant D.Wandling John P.Hegarty david L.Waning John C.Elfar Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational ScienceThe Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPAUSA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Korea University Guro HospitalSeoulSouth Korea Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPAUSA

We recently demonstrated a repurposing beneficial effect of 4-aminopyridine(4-AP),a potassium channel blocker,on functional recove ry and muscle atrophy after sciatic nerve crush injury in ***,this effect of 4-AP is unknown in nerve transection,gap,and grafting *** evaluate and compare the functional recovery,nerve morphology,and muscle atrophy,we used a novel stepwise nerve transection with gluing(STG),as well as 7-mm irreparable nerve gap(G-7/0)and 7-mm isografting in 5-mm gap(G-5/7)models in the absence and presence of 4-AP *** surgery,sciatic functional index was determined wee kly to evaluate the direct in vivo global motor functional *** 12 weeks,nerves were processed for whole-mount immunofluorescence imaging,and tibialis anterior muscles were harvested for wet weight and quantitative histomorphological analyses for muscle fiber crosssectional area and minimal Feret's *** post-injury sciatic functional index values in STG and G-5/7 models were significantly greater than those in the G-7/0 model.4-AP did not affect the sciatic functional index recovery in any *** to STG,nerve imaging revealed more misdirected axons and distorted nerve architecture with *** muscle weight,cross-sectional area,and minimal Feret's diameter were significantly smaller in G-7/0 model compared with STG and G-5/7,4-AP treatment significantly increased right TA muscle mass,cross-sectional area,and minimal Feret's diameter in G-7/0 *** findings demonstrate that functional recovery and muscle atrophy after peripheral nerve injury are directly related to the intervening nerve gap,and 4-AP exerts diffe rential effects on functional recove ry and muscle atrophy.

关键词： 4-aminopyridine functional recovery muscle atrophy nerve gap nerve grafting nerve imaging nerve transection

Scoring of sperm chromosomal abnormalities by manual and automated approaches：qualitative and quantitative comparisons

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第2期12卷 257-262页

作者： Helen G. Tempest Siu Yan Cheng david J. Gillott Alan H. Handyside Alan R. Thomhill Darren K. Griffin London Bridge Fertility Gynaecology and Genetics Centre London SEI 9RY UK Bridge Genoma London SE1 9RY UK Department of Biosciences University of Kent Canterbury Kent CT2 7N J UK

It is now well known that levels of sperm disomy correlate to levels of infertility （as well as other factors）.The risk of perpetuating aneuploidy to the offspring of infertile males undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） has become a hotly debated issue in assisted reproduction;however,there remain barriers to the practical implementation of offering sperm disomy screening in a clinical setting. The major barrier is the operator time taken to analyze a statistically meaningful （sufficient） number of cells. The introduction of automated ＇spot counting＇software-hardware combinations presents a potential solution to this problem. In this preliminary validation study,we analyzed 10 patients,both manually and using a commercially available spot counter. Results show a statistically significant correlation between both approaches for scoring of sperm disomy,but no correlation is found when scoring for diploid sperm. The most likely explanation for the latter is an apparent overscoring of two closely associated sperm heads as a single diploid cell. These results,and similar further studies that will ensue,help to inform cost-benefit analyses that individual clinics need to carry out in order to decide whether to adopt sperm aneuploidy screening as a routine tool for the assessment of sperm from men requiring ICSI treatment.

关键词： aneuploidy assisted reproductive technologies automation fluorescent in situ hybridization methods scoring spermatozoa

货币与总体:关于价值形成和转形的又一轮争论

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经济纵横 2018年第5期 18-28页

作者：大卫.莱伯曼张忠胜美国纽约城市大学美国纽约11238 中央财经大学马克思主义学院中国北京100081

弗雷德·莫斯利(Fred Moseley)的《货币与总体》一书介绍了作者关于马克思价值理论的"宏观货币解释",特别涉及《资本论》第三卷中价值到生产价格的转形。这个理论虽然试图忠实于马克思的文本,但却通过一个逻辑上站不住脚的主张来实现这... 详细信息

弗雷德·莫斯利(Fred Moseley)的《货币与总体》一书介绍了作者关于马克思价值理论的"宏观货币解释",特别涉及《资本论》第三卷中价值到生产价格的转形。这个理论虽然试图忠实于马克思的文本,但却通过一个逻辑上站不住脚的主张来实现这一点。如果它被认为是代表了马克思的工作,那么这将会导致剔除和否定马克思主义的传统。比照莫斯利的贡献,用非技术的术语,回顾长期存在的"转形问题"争论,表明前进的道路是要避开那些对马克思所进行的基于文本的正统辩护,在20世纪马克思主义理论研究成果的基础上,尽可能利用现代经济理论和社会科学的工具与方法,重新展开马克思的核心见解。

关键词：马克思主义价值理论转形问题劳动价值