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Using multilayer network analysis to explore the temporal dynamics of collective behavior

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Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 71-80页

作者： david N.fisher Noa PINTER-WOLLMAN Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonON L8S 4K1Canada School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenAB243FXUK Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

Social organisms often show collective behaviors such as group foraging or *** behaviors can emerge from interactions between group members and may depend on the behavior of key *** social interactions change over time,collective behaviors may change because these behaviors emerge from interactions among *** the importance of,and growing interest in,the temporal dynamics of social interactions,it is not clear how to quantify changes in interactions over time or measure their ***,the temporal scale at which we should observe changes in social networks to detect biologically meaningful changes is not always *** we use multilayer network analysis to quantify temporal dynamics of social networks of the social spider Stegodyphus dumicola and determine how these dynamics relate to individual and group *** found that social interactions changed over time at a constant *** in both network structure and the identity of a keystone individual was not related to the mean or variance of the collective prey attack *** that maintained a large and stable number of connections,despite changes in network structure,were the boldest individuals in the ***,social interactions and boldness are linked across time,but group collective behavior is not influenced by the stability of the social *** work demonstrates that dynamic social networks can be modeled in a multilayer *** approach may reveal biologically important temporal changes to social structure in other systems.

关键词： collective behavior dynamic network multilayer network multiplex social stability Stegodyphus

Insights from the study of complex systems for the ecology and evolution of animal populations

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Current Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 1-14页

作者： david N.fisher Jonathan N.PRUITT Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada

Populations of animals comprise many individuals,interacting in multiple contexts,and displaying heterogeneous *** interactions among individuals can often create population dynamics that are fundamentally deterministic yet display unpredictable *** populations can,therefore,be thought of as complex *** systems display properties such as nonlinearity and uncertainty and show emergent properties that cannot be explained by a simple sum of the interacting *** system where entities compete,cooperate,or interfere with one another may possess such qualities,making animal populations similar on many levels to complex *** fields are already embracing elements of complexity to help understand the dynamics of animal populations,but a wider application of complexity science in ecology and evolution has not *** review here how approaches from complexity science could be applied to the study of the interactions and behavior of individuals within animal populations and highlight how this way of thinking can enhance our understanding of population dynamics in *** focus on 8 key characteristics of complex systems:hierarchy,heterogeneity,selforganization,openness,adaptation,memory,nonlinearity,and *** each topic we discuss how concepts from complexity theory are applicable in animal populations and emphasize the unique insights they *** finish by outlining outstanding questions or predictions to be evaluated using behavioral and ecological *** goal throughout this article is to familiarize animal ecologists with the basics of each of these concepts and highlight the new perspectives that they could bring to variety of subfields.

关键词： chaos complex system complexity population dynamics social network stochasticity

Manipulation of the intestinal microbiome-a slow journey to primetime

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第21期11卷 4975-4988页

作者： Ofra Kriger-Sharabi Stephen D H Malnick david fisher Institute of Gastroenterology Assuta Medical CenterAshdod 7747629Israel Department of Internal Medicine Kaplan Medical CenterRehovot 76100Israel Department of Endocrinology Soroka Medical CenterBeer Sheva POB 151Israel

The gut microbiota has important functions in the regulation of normal body *** of the microbiota are being increasingly linked to various disease *** microbiome has been manipulated via the administration of stool from animals or humans,for more than 1000 ***,fecal microbiota transplantation can be performed via endoscopic administration of fecal matter to the duodenum or colon or via capsules of lyophilized *** recently fecal microbial transplantation has been shown to be very effective for recurrent Clostridoides difficile infection(CDI).In addition there is some evidence of efficacy in the metabolic syndrome and its hepatic manifestation,metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).We review the current literature regarding the microbiome and the pathogenesis and treatment of CDI,MAFLD,IBS and IBD.

关键词： Gut microbiota Fecal microbiota transplantation Clostridoides difficile Metabolic associated fatty liver disease Irritable bowel syndrome Inflammatory bowel disease

Multilayer network analysis:new opportunities and challenges for studying animal social systems

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Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 45-48页

作者： Matthew J.HASENJAGER Matthew SILk david N.fisher Department of Biological Sciences Royal HollowayUniversity of LondonEghamUK Centre for Ecology and Conservation University of ExeterExeterUK School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenUK

Introduction Many behavioral,ecological,and evolutionary processes are closely intertwined with patterns of social interactions,such as the evolution of cooperation(Croft et al.2006),information and disease transmission(VanderWaal et al.2014;Aplin et al.2015),predator-prey dynamics(Ioannou et al.2012),and dispersal decisions(Blumstein et al.2009).Even in species where individuals are traditionally viewed as leading a relatively solitary existence,interac-tions occur across diverse contexts,including territorial defense,resource competition,and courtship.

关键词： solitary predator network

WATERLESS URINALS:FEATURES,BENEFITS,AND APPLICATIONS

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Journal of Green Building 2006年第1期1卷 55-62页

作者： Vice-President James D.McClure david fisher McClure&Assoc. Inc.

INTRODUCTION Billions of gallons of water are used annually to flush toilets in the United *** of this usage include consumption of natural resources and construction of new infrastructure to treat and transmit potable water and ***,or no-flush urinals,may help mitigate these effects and offer other advantages,including lower utility charges,improved restroom hygiene,and decreased fixture *** notable caveats include possible lack of acceptance by users,odor control problems,and rejection by code *** urine is about 96%liquid,no additional water is really needed to wash it down the *** waterless,urinal,looking much like its conventional counterpart,takes advantage of this concept with generally positive *** paper will discuss the design,applications,operation,maintenance,advantages,and disadvantages of waterless *** results of two surveys of current users will be shared.A case study from a Texas school district will be also presented.

关键词： annually wastewater maintenance

Antioxidant-induced reductive stress has untoward consequences on the brain microvasculature

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第5期12卷 743-744页

作者： david fisher Shireen Mentor Neurobiology Group Department of Medical Biosciences Faculty of Natural Sciences University of the Western Cape Bellville Cape Town South Africa School of Health Professions University of Missouri Columbia MO USA

All cells in the body metabolize oxygen in a series of reactions in the mitochondria to generate energy.A by-product of these reactions is the production of highly reactive oxygen radicals which have the potential to cause irreparable damage to cellular components,and have been linked to mutagenic and neurotoxicity of the nervous *** normal conditions,innate molecular systems,glutathione,superoxide dismutases,

关键词： cell AO Antioxidant-induced reductive stress has untoward consequences on the brain microvasculature BBB OS

The History of Controlling and Treating Infectious Diseases in Ancient China

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Current Medical Science 2024年第1期44卷 64-70页

作者： Cui-ling LIU Tao ZHOU Liang-bin CHENG david fisher Khrystyna PRONYUK Erkin MUSABAEV Yi-ping DANG Lei ZHAO Department of Infectious Diseases Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Huanggang Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHubei University of Chinese MedicineHuanggang 438000China Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan 430065China Department of Liver Diseases Hubei Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430061China Department of Medical Biosciences Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of the Western CapeBellvilleCape Town 7535South Africa Department of Infectious Diseases Bogomolets National Medical UniversityKyiv 02132Ukraine The Research Institute of Virology Ministry of HealthTashkent 100122Uzbekistan Department of Vascular Surgery Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China

Infectious diseases are the common enemies of *** the course of historical development,they persistently threaten human health and *** today,despite the developments in medical science,we cannot escape the fear and suffering caused by infectious *** in ancient or modern times,the source of infection,route of transmission,and a susceptible population are the three key conditions for the prevalence and spread of infectious *** factors closely related to these three conditions can affect the prevalence of infectious *** is one of the cradles of world *** ancient people accumulated a great deal of experience and lessons in the long struggle against infectious *** the face of the current threat posed by widespread infectious disease,it is imperative to review and summarize ancient Chinese ideas and health policies on epidemic prevention and control to inspire contemporary efforts in the prevention and control of infectious *** combination of prevention-oriented epidemic prevention ideology and traditional medicine provides valuable insights,especially for impoverished and medically underserved regions.

关键词： infectious diseases Chinese medicine public health historical review

Developments in the Detection of Current HPHT and CVD Synthetics

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Developments in the Detection of Current HPHT and CVD Synthe...

The Changing Face of Synthetics in the Diamond Industry-Recent Developments and Reliable Identification

2015中国珠宝首饰学术交流会

作者： david fisher De Beers Technologies Belmont RoadMaidenheadSL6 6JWUK

Recent changes in the properties of both HPHT and CVD synthetics will require changes in the way identification criteria are *** Beers continually develops the Verification Instruments it produces to respond to these *** Automated Melee Screening instrument provides screening capability for melee sized synthetic stones and the introduction of filtering into the latest version of the DiamondView?instrument has enhanced its capability for the identification of both HPHT and CVD synthetics.

关键词： HTHP CVD synthetics diamond.

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The Changing Face of Synthetics in the Diamond Industry-Rece...