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Same-day 2-L PEG-citrate-simethicone plus bisacodyl vs split 4-L PEG: Bowel cleansing for late-morning colonoscopy

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2013年第9期5卷 433-439页

作者： Annalisa de Leone darina tamayo Giancarla Fiori Davide Ravizza Cristina Trovato Giuseppe De Roberto Linda Fazzini Marco Dal Fante Cristiano Crosta Division of Endoscopy European Institute of Oncology Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Department

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy, tolerability, acceptability and feasibility of bisacodyl plus low volume polyethyleneglycol-citrate-simeticone(2-L PEG-CS) taken the same day as compared with conventional split-dose 4-L PEG for late morning colonoscopy. METHODS: Randomised, observer-blind, parallel group, comparative trial carried out in 2 centres. Out patients of both sexes, aged between 18 and 85 years, undergoing colonoscopy for diagnostic investigation, colorectal cancer screening or follow-up were eligible. The PEG-CS group received 3 bisacodyl tablets(4 tablets for patients with constipation) at bedtime and 2-L PEG-CS in the morning starting 5 h before colonoscopy. The control group received a conventional 4-L PEG formulation given as split regimen; the morning dose was taken with the same schedule of the low volume preparation. The Ottawa Bowel Preparation Scale(OBPS) score was used as the main outcome ***: A total of 164 subjects were enrolled and 154 completed the study; 78 in the PEG-CS group and 76 in the split 4-L PEG group. The two groups were comparable at baseline. The OBPS score in the PEG-CS group(3.09 ± 2.40) and in the PEG group(2.39 ± 2.55) were equivalent(difference +0.70; 95%CI:-0.09-1.48). This was confirmed by the rate of successful bowel cleansing in the PEG-CS group(89.7%) and in the PEG group(92.1%)(difference-2.4%; 95%CI:-11.406.70). PEG-CS was superior in terms of mucosa visibility compared to PEG(85.7% vs 72.4%, P = 0.042). There were no significant differences in caecum intubation rate, time to reach the caecum and withdrawal time between the two groups. The adenoma detection rate was similar(PEG-CS 43.6% vs PEG 44.7%). No serious adverse events occurred. No difference was found in tolerability of the bowel preparations. Compliance was equal in both groups: more than 90% of subjects drunk the whole solution. Willingness to repeat the same bowel preparations was about 90% for both regimes. CONCLUSION: Same-day PEG-CS is feasib

关键词： Bowel preparation Polyethyleneglycol Simethicone Ottawa Bowel Preparation Scale Colonoscopy

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Approaches that ascertain the role of dietary compounds in colonic cancer cells

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第1期6卷 1-10页

作者： Michael Bordonaro Koen Venema Adeline K Putri darina Lazarova Department of Basic Sciences The Commonwealth Medical College TNO Research group Kinetics Research for Food and Pharma Maastricht University Health Food Innovation ManagementCampus Venlo

Preventive approaches against cancer have not been fully developed and *** example,the incidence of some types of cancer,including colon cancer,is highly dependent upon lifestyle,and therefore,amenable to *** the lifestyle factors,diet strongly affects the incidence of colon cancer; however,there are no definitive dietary recommendations that protect against this *** association between diet-derived bioactives and development of colonic neoplasms will remain ill defined if we do not take into account:(1) the identity of the metabolites present in the colonic lumen;(2) their concentrations in the colon; and(3) the effect of the colonic contents on the function of individual *** review two approaches that address these questions:the use of fecal water and in vitro models of the human *** to treatment with individual diet-derived compounds,the exposure of colon cancer cells to samples from fecal water or human colon simulators mimics closer the in vitro conditions and allows for more reliable studies on the effects of diet on colon cancer *** rationale and the advantages of these strategies are discussed from the perspective of a specific question on how to analyze the combined effect of two types of bioactives,butyrate and polyphenol metabolites,on colon cancer cells.

关键词： Human colon model Fecal water Diet Colon cancer Prevention Butyrate Polyphenols WNT signaling

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Mechanisms linking dietary fiber, gut microbiota and colon cancer prevention

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第2期6卷 41-51页

作者： Huawei Zeng darina L Lazarova Michael Bordonaro United States Department of Agriculture Agricul-tural Research ServiceGrand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center Department of Basic Sciences The Commonwealth Medical College

Many epidemiological and experimental studies have suggested that dietary fiber plays an important role in colon cancer prevention. These findings may relate to the ability of fiber to reduce the contact time of carcinogens within the intestinal lumen and to promote healthy gut microbiota, which modifies the host's metabolism in various ways. Elucidation of the mechanisms by which dietary fiber-dependent changes in gut microbiota enhance bile acid deconjugation, produce short chain fatty acids, and modulate inflammatory bioactive substances can lead to a better understanding of the beneficial role of dietary fiber. This article reviews the current knowledge concerning the mechanisms via which dietary fiber protects against colon cancer.

关键词： Dietary fiber Gut microbiota Colon cancer

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Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第24期16卷 2978-2990页

作者： Jan Bures Jiri Cyrany darina Kohoutova Miroslav Frstl Stanislav Rejchrt Jaroslav Kvetina Viktor Vorisek Marcela Kopacova 2nd Department of Medicine Charles University in Praha Faculty of Medicine at Hradec Kralove University Teaching Hospital Institute of Clinical Microbiology Charles University in Praha Faculty of Medicine at Hradec Kralove University Teaching Hospital Institute of Experimental Biopharmaceutics Joint Research Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences and PRO.MED.CS Praha a.s. Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics Charles University in Praha Faculty of Medicine at Hradec Kralove University Teaching Hospital

Human intestinal microbiota create a complex polymi-crobial ecology. This is characterised by its high population density, wide diversity and complexity of interaction. Any dysbalance of this complex intestinal microbiome, both qualitative and quantitative, might have serious health consequence for a macro-organism, including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO).SIBO is defined as an increase in the number and/or alteration in the type of bacteria in the upper gastro-intestinal tract. There are several endogenous defence mechanisms for preventing bacterial overgrowth: gastric acid secretion, intestinal motility, intact ileo-caecal valve, immunoglobulins within intestinal secretion and bacte-riostatic properties of pancreatic and biliary secretion. Aetiology of SIBO is usually complex, associated with disorders of protective antibacterial mechanisms (e.g. achlorhydria, pancreatic exocrine insuff iciency, immuno-deficiency syndromes), anatomical abnormalities (e.g. small intestinal obstruction, diverticula, f istulae, surgical blind loop, previous ileo-caecal resections) and/or motility disorders (e.g. scleroderma, autonomic neuropathy in diabetes mellitus, post-radiation enteropathy, small intestinal pseudo-obstruction). In some patients more than one factor may be involved. Symptoms related to SIBO are bloating, diarrhoea, malabsorption, weight loss and malnutrition. The gold standard for diagnosing SIBO is still microbial investigation of jejunal aspirates. Noninvasive hydrogen and methane breath tests are most commonly used for the diagnosis of SIBO using glucose or lactulose. Therapy for SIBO must be com-plex, addressing all causes, symptoms and complica-tions, and fully individualised. It should include treatment of the underlying disease, nutritional support and cyclical gastro-intestinal selective antibiotics. Prognosis is usually serious, determined mostly by the underlying disease that led to SIBO.

关键词： Bacterial overgrowth Breath test Hydrogen Methane Small intestine

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The Extent of Land Use Impact on Water Regime in the Vseminka Catchment

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2012年第2期1卷 228-237页

作者： Pavel Kovar darina Vassova Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague 16521 Czech Republic

The paper deals with the impact of land use changes on water regime. An assessment was carried out in order to determine the extent to which the main components of the water balance on the experimental catchment Vseminka have been influenced by land use changes （region Vsetinske Hills, the Czech Republic）. For this reason, the water balance model WBCM-5 was implemented for the period of 30 years in a daily step, with particular focus on the simulation of the components of direct runoff and of subsurface water recharge. In the selected years of the period 1980-2009, major changes were made in land use and significant fluctuation of rainfall-runoff regimes were observed （e.g. dry year 1992, flood year 1997 and normal year 2009）. After WBCM-5 parameter calibration it was observed that some water balance components can change in relation to substantial land use changes, even up to dozens of percent in a balance-consideration, i.e. in daily, monthly and yearly or decadal values, specifically as far as the components of interception and also of direct runoff and of subsurface water recharge are concerned. However, a different situation appeared during the investigation of significant short-term rainfall-runoff processes. There were about seven real flood events during the same period on the same catchment which were analysed using the KINFIL-2 model （time step 0.5 hr）. Land use change, positive or negative scenarios, were also analysed during this period. As opposed to long-term water balance analyses, only a 10% difference in the hydrograph peak and volume was observed. In summary, the authors have shown that it is always important to distinguish a possible land use change impact on either long-term balance or short-term runoff. Otherwise, as often found in over simplified commentaries on flood events in the mass media, the actual impact of land use changes on water regime may be misunderstood.

关键词： Land use change water balance rainfall-runoff event hydrological model.

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哈萨克斯坦-中国输气管线水合物防治技术研究

哈萨克斯坦-中国输气管线水合物防治技术研究

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作者： Sultanbekkyzy darina 中国石油大学(华东)

学位级别：硕士

哈萨克斯坦的大部分气田离天然气用户的距离很远。本文将位于乌兹别克斯坦的哈萨克斯坦至中国的输气管线作为研究对象。管线运输是天然气输送最安全和最经济的方法,管线和压缩机站的可靠运行是至关重要的。所以,控制气体湿度等参数从而... 详细信息

哈萨克斯坦的大部分气田离天然气用户的距离很远。本文将位于乌兹别克斯坦的哈萨克斯坦至中国的输气管线作为研究对象。管线运输是天然气输送最安全和最经济的方法,管线和压缩机站的可靠运行是至关重要的。所以,控制气体湿度等参数从而保证气体质量是保证正常运行的关键。其主要原因是湿气在管道内流动期间会形成天然气水合物,造成流动阻力显著增加,直至管道完全堵塞,严重降低了管道传输能力,因此会导致事故和设备故障的发生。实际上,甲醇作为水合物生成抑制剂的主要成分,其在消除水合物堵塞中的不合理使用夸大了其实际的消费量。因此,解决该实际问题的关键在于建立相关数学模型并开发对应的计算机程序,对主管道内特定部位的天然气流动状态进行监测和诊断,防止管道内形成水合物造成堵塞,从而减少甲醇等水合物生成抑制剂的使用,降低运输费用。本文所建立的数学模型和应用程序要求可进行精确的工程计算以确定管道内湿气冷凝的具体沉积位置,明确水合物生成抑制剂消耗增加的原因并消除该现象。本论文确定了研究的研究目标和对象,建立并开发了用于确定湿气冷凝区域的模型和算法,可在一定的温度和压力条件下,在天然气运输主管道和压缩机站工艺管道中预防水合物在管道内沉积。

关键词：天然气水合物输气管道压缩机站哈萨克斯-中国

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CREB-binding protein, p300, butyrate, and Wnt signaling in colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第27期21卷 8238-8248页

作者： Michael Bordonaro darina L Lazarova Department of Basic Sciences The Commonwealth Medical College Scranton

This paper reviews the distinctive roles played by the transcriptional coactivators CREB-binding protein(CBP) and p300 in Wnt/β-catenin signaling and cell physiology in colorectal cancer(CRC). Specifically, we focus on the effects of CBP- and p300-mediated Wnt activity on(1) neoplastic progression;(2) the activities of butyrate, a breakdown product of dietary fiber, on cell signaling and colonic cell physiology;(3) the development of resistance to histone deacetylase inhibitors(HDACis), including butyrate and synthetic HDACis, in colonic cells; and(4) the physiology and number of cancer stem cells. Mutations of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway initiate the majority of CRC cases, and we have shown that hyperactivation of this pathway by butyrate and other HDACis promotes CRC cell apoptosis. This activity by butyrate may in part explain the preventive action of fiber against CRC. However, individuals with a high-fiber diet may still develop neoplasia; therefore, resistance to the chemopreventive action of butyrate likely contributes to CRC. CBP or p300 may modify the ability of butyrate to influence colonic cell physiology since the two transcriptional coactivators affect Wnt signaling, and likely, its hyperactivation by butyrate. Also, CBP and p300 likely affect colonic tumorigenesis, as well as stem cell pluripotency. Improvement of CRC prevention and therapy requires a better understanding of the alterations in Wnt signaling and gene expression that underlie neoplastic progression, stem cell fate, and the development of resistance to butyrate and clinically relevant HDACis. Detailed knowledge of how CBP- and p300 modulate colonic cell physiology may lead to new approaches for anti-CRC prevention and therapeutics, particularly with respect to combinatorial therapy of CBP/p300 inhibitors with HDACis.

关键词： CREB-binding protein p300 Wnt colorectalcancer butyrate stem cells

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Bacteriocinogeny in experimental pigs treated with indomethacin and Escherichia coli Nissle

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第5期17卷 609-617页

作者： Jan Bures David Smajs Jaroslav Kvetina Miroslav Frstl Jan Smarda darina Kohoutova Martin Kunes Jiri Cyrany Ilja Tacheci Stanislav Rejchrt Jirina Lesna Viktor Vorisek Marcela Kopacova 2nd Department of Medicine Charles University in PrahaFaculty of Medicine at Hradec KraloveUniversity Teaching Hospital500 05 Hradec KraloveCzech Republic Department of Biology Masaryk UniversityFaculty of Medicine625 00 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Experimental Biopharmaceutics Joint Research Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences and PRO.MED.CS Praha a.s.500 02 Hradec KraloveCzech Republic Institute of Clinical Microbiology Charles University in PrahaFaculty of Medicine at Hradec KraloveUniversity Teaching Hospital500 05 Hradec KraloveCzech Republic Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics Charles University in PrahaFaculty of Medicine at Hradec KraloveUniversity Teaching Hospital500 05 Hradec KraloveCzech Republic

AIM： To evaluate bacteriocinogeny in short-term highdose indomethacin administration with or without probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 （EcN） in experimental ***： Twenty-four pigs entered the study： Group A （controls）, Group B （probiotics alone）, Group C （indomethacin alone） and Group D （probiotics and indomethacin）. EcN （3.5 × 10^10 bacteria/d for 14 d） and/or indomethacin （15 mg/kg per day for 10 d） were administrated orally. Anal smears before and smears from the small and large intestine were taken from all animals. Bacteriocin production was determined with 6 different indicator strains; all strains were polymerase chain reaction tested for the presence of 29 individual bacteriocinencoding determinants. RESULTS： The general microbiota profile was rather uniform in all animals but there was a broad diversity in coliform bacteria （parallel genotypes A, B1, B2 and D found）. In total, 637 bacterial strains were tested, mostly Escherichia coli （E. coli. There was a higher incidence of non-E：, coli strains among samples taken from the jejunum and ileum compared to that of the colon and rectum indicating predominance of E. coil strains in the large intestine. Bacteriocinogeny was found in 24/77 （31%） before and in 155/560 （28%） isolated bacteria at the end of the study. Altogether, 13 individual bacteriocin types （out of 29 tested） were identified among investigated strains. Incidence of four E. coli genotypes was equally distributed in all groups of E. coil strains, with majority of genotype A （ranging from 81% to 88%）. The following types of bacteriocins were most commonly revealed： colicins Ia/Ib （44%）, microcin V （18%）, colicin E1 （16%） and microcin H47 （6%）. There was a difference in bacteriocinogeny between control group A （52/149, 35%） and groups with treatment at the end of the study： B： 31/122 （25%, P = 0.120）; C： 43/155 （28%, P = 0.222）; D： 29/134 （22%, P = 0.020）. There was a significantly lower prevalence of colicin Ib, microcins H47 and V （pr

关键词： Bacteriocinogeny Escherichia coli Nissle1917 Experimental pigs Indomethacin

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Severe liver trauma with complex portal and common bile duct avulsion:A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第16期11卷 3837-3846页

作者： Bianca Mitricof Alin Kraft Florentina Anton Alexandru Barcu darina Barzan Carmen Haiducu Vladislav Brasoveanu Irinel Popescu Cosmin Alec Moldovan Florin Botea Medicine Doctoral School Titu Maiorescu University of BucharestBucharest 040441Romania Department of General Surgery Regina Maria Military Emergency HospitalBrasov 500007Romania Faculty of Medicine Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 050474Romania Dan Setlacec Center for General Surgery and Liver Transplant Fundeni Clinical InstituteBucharest 022328Romania Department of Medical-Surgical and Prophylactic Disciplines Faculty of MedicineTitu Maiorescu University of BucharestBucharest 031593Romania Department of General Surgery Witting Clinical HospitalBucharest 010243Romania

BACKGROUND Given its size and location,the liver is the third most injured organ by abdominal *** to recent advances,it is unanimously accepted that the nonoperative management is the current mainstay of treatment for hemodynamically stable ***,those patients with hemodynamic instability that generally present with severe liver trauma associated with major vascular lesions will require surgical ***,an associated injury of the main bile ducts makes surgery compulsory even in the case of hemodynamic stability,thereby imposing therapeutic challenges in the tertiary referral hepato-biliopancreatic centers’*** SUMMARY We present the case of a 38-year-old male patient with The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma grade V liver injury and an associated right branch of portal vein and common bile duct avulsion,due to a crush *** patient was referred to the nearest emergency hospital and because of the hemorrhagic shock,damage control surgery was performed by means of ligation of the right portal vein branch and right hepatic artery,and hemostatic ***,the patient was referred immediately to our tertiary hepato-bilio-pancreatic *** performed depacking,a right hepatectomy and Roux-en-Y *** the 9th postoperative day,the patient developed a high output anastomotic bile leak that required a redo of the *** postoperative period was marked by a surgical incision site of incomplete evisceration that was managed non-operatively by negative wound *** follow-up was optimal,with no complications at 55 *** In conclusion,the current case clearly supports that a favorable outcome in severe liver trauma with associated vascular and biliary injuries is achieved thru proper therapeutic management,conducted in a tertiary referral hepato-bilio-pancreatic center,where a stepwise and complex surgical approach is mandatory.

关键词： Severe Liver Trauma Avulsion Right portal vein Common bile duct Case report

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从俄中两种语言视角下对比《安娜·卡列尼娜》的主要场景

从俄中两种语言视角下对比《安娜·卡列尼娜》的主要场景

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作者： Hisorieva darina（戴丽娜）西南大学

学位级别：硕士

《安娜·卡列尼娜》是俄罗斯文学伟大作家列夫·托尔斯泰的代表作品之一。《安娜·卡列尼娜》是列夫·托尔斯泰的第二部长篇小说,该作品起笔于1873年,完成于1877年。小说反映了俄罗斯19世纪70年代社会的现状。《安娜·卡列尼娜》该著作... 详细信息

《安娜·卡列尼娜》是俄罗斯文学伟大作家列夫·托尔斯泰的代表作品之一。《安娜·卡列尼娜》是列夫·托尔斯泰的第二部长篇小说,该作品起笔于1873年,完成于1877年。小说反映了俄罗斯19世纪70年代社会的现状。《安娜·卡列尼娜》该著作对研究俄罗斯文学,文化,历史等方面具有一定的参考价值。《安娜·卡列尼娜》在中国出版后受到了很多读者的欢迎,并且产生了很大的影响。在全世界同样受欢迎,被翻译成多种语言。中国有周扬,草婴,谢素台,姜明和力风等十数翻译版本。本文经原文与周扬的译本进行对比。本论文通过对照《安娜·卡列尼娜》俄中两个版本,找出文化差异现象。本文一共有四个部分:前言部分描述论文的研究目的,研究方法,研究价值以及论文的创新点;第二部分介绍《安娜·卡列尼娜》原著作者及汉译本译者,第三部分《安娜·卡列尼娜》分析主要场景的比较,第四部分分析译者翻译受影响的原因。

关键词：安娜·卡列尼娜列夫·托尔斯泰周扬原文与译文对比

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