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Cold acclimation increases Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) survival during exposure to freezing temperatures

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Insect Science 2022年第2期29卷 531-538页

作者： Xavier Martini Kathi Malfa dara stockton Monique JRivera Department of Entomology and Nematology North Florida Research and Education CenterQuincyFloridaUSA USDA-ARS U.S.Pacific Basin Agricultural Research CenterHiloHawaiiUSA Department of Entomology University of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA

The Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri,is the vector of the pathogenic bacteria that causes Huanglongbing,the most devasting disease affecting citrus *** cultivation of citrus tends to expand northward,the tolerance of psyllids to freezing temperatures needs to be *** mortality of *** to cold temperature has been previously studied,much less is known regarding the acclimation potential of psyllids to cold *** first evaluated cold resistance of *** depending on color morph and ***,we compared mortality of *** at−4°C for 10 hours between unacclimated psyllids,psyllids that were gradually acclimated to cold over 1 or 2 weeks,and psyllids intermittently acclimated also for 1 or 2 *** did not find major differences in cold resistance between color morphs and *** found that after 1 week of gradual acclimation,the survival of psyllids at−4°C increased to 86%,compared to 20%in the control *** did not increase after the second week of gradual *** intermittent acclimation improved survival compared to the control group,it was less effective than gradual acclimation with a survival at 30%and 70%after 1 and 2 weeks of acclimation,respectively,although this difference with gradual acclimation was not significant at week *** data show that gradual cold acclimation allows *** to survive brief periods below *** may serve as a mechanism responsible for increasing northern establishment of this pest.

关键词： cold acclimation cold hardy citrus cold resistance citrus greening Diaphorina citri overwintering

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Assessment of risks, implications, and opportunities of waterborne neurotoxic pesticides

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 735-741页

作者： Delaram dara Andrei P.Drabovich Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaAlberta T6G 2G3Canada

Pesticides are a well-known family of chemicals that have contaminated water systems globally. Four common subfamilies of pesticides include organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, and carbamate insecticides which have been shown to adversely affect the human nervous system. Studies have shown a link between pesticide exposure and decreased viability, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of murine neural stem cells. Besides human exposure directly through water systems, additional factors such as pesticide bioaccumulation, biomagnification and potential synergism due to co-exposure to other environmental contaminants must be considered. A possible avenue to investigate the molecular mechanisms and biomolecules impacted by the various classes of pesticides includes the field of-omics. Discovery of the precise molecular mechanisms behind pesticidemediated neurodegenerative disorders may facilitate development of targeted ***, discovery of pesticide biodegradation pathways may enable novel approaches for water system bioremediation using genetically engineered microorganisms. In this minireview, we discuss recently established harmful impacts of various categories of pesticides on the nervous system and the application of-omics field for discovery, validation, and mitigation of pesticide neurotoxicity.

关键词： Neurotoxic pesticides Water pollution Neural stem cells Omics approaches Drug discovery

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Weighted De-Synchronization Based Resource Allocation in Wireless Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 1815-1826页

作者： Kimchheang Chhea dara Ron Jung-Ryun Lee School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering(EEE)at Chung-Ang University Seoul156-756Korea Department of Intelligent Energy and Industry Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul156-756Korea

Considering the exponential growth of wireless devices with datastarving applications fused with artificial intelligence,the significance of wireless network scalability using distributed behavior and fairness among users is a crucial feature in guaranteeing reliable service to numerous users in the network *** model is described as nonlinear selfsustained phase oscillators spinning at varying intrinsic frequencies connected through the sine of their phase differences and displays a phase transition at a specific coupling strength,in which a mutual behavior is *** this work,we apply the Kuramoto model to achieve a weighted fair resource allocation in a wireless network,where each user has different quality of service(QoS)*** the original Kuramoto model is the synchronization model,we propose a new weighting parameter for representing requirement of each node resource and modify the Kuramoto model to achieveweighted fair resource allocation for users with different QoS *** proposed modified Kuramoto model allocates all users the resource based on their weight among contending nodes in a distributed *** analyze the convergence condition for the proposed model,and the results reveal that the proposed algorithm achieves aweighted fair resource allocation and with potentially high convergence speed compared to previous algorithm.

关键词： Kuramoto model fair resource allocation weighted de-synchronization

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Mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitormediated liver injury

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第12期11卷 3727-3739页

作者： Layla Shojaie Myra Ali Andrea Iorga Lily dara Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Department of MedicineKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA Research Center for Liver Disease Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA Keck School of Medicine University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA U.S.Food and Drug Administration Center for Devices and Radiological HealthSilver SpringMD 20993USA UMBC Center for Accelerated Real Time Analytics University of MarylandBaltimore CountyBaltimoreMD 21250USA

The immune checkpoints,cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4(CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein-1/ligand-1(PD-1/PD-L1) are vital contributors to immune resulation and *** immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy;however,they come with the cost of immune related adverse events involving multiple organs such as the *** to its constant expo sure to foreign antigens,the liver has evolved a high capacity for immune tolerance,therefore,blockade of the immune checkpoints can result in aberrant immune activation affecting the liver in up to 20% of patients depending on the agent(s) used and underlying *** type of hepatotoxicity is termed immune mediated liver injury from checkpoint inhibitors(ILICI) and is more common when CTLA4 and PD-1/PDL1 are used in *** underlying mechanisms of this unique type of hepatotoxicity are not fully understood;however,the contribution of CD8^(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes,various CD4^(+) T cells populations,cytokines,and the secondary activation of the innate immune system leading to liver injury have all been *** review summarizes our current understanding of the underlying mechanisms of liver injury in immunotherapy using animal models of ILICI and available patient data from clinical studies.

关键词： Hepatotoxicity DILI Immunotherapy Cell death Hepatocyte CTLA-4 PD-1 PD-L1 Necrosis Apoptosis

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E]iomimetic approaches toward smart bio-hybric systems

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Nano Research 2018年第6期11卷 3009-3030页

作者： Zhiqiang Luo dara E. Weiss Qingyun Liu Bozhi Tian Colleae of Life Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Department of Chemistry The University of Chicago Chicago IL 606d7 USA The James Franck Institute The University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics The University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA

Bio-integrated materials and devices can blur the interfaces between living and artificial systems. Microfluidics, bioelectronics, and engineered nanostructures, with close interactions with biology at the cellular or tissue levels, have already yielded a spectrum of new applications. Many new designs emerge, including of organ-on-a-chip systems, biodegradable implants, electroceutical devices, minimally invasive neuro-prosthetic tools, and soft robotics. In this review, we highlight a few recent advances of the fabrication and application of smart bio-hybrid systems, with a particular emphasis on the three-dimensional （3D） bio-integrated devices that mimic the 3D feature of tissue scaffolds. Moreover, neurons integrated with engineered nanostructures for wireless neuromodulation and dynamic neural output are briefly discussed. We also discuss the progress in the construction of cell-enabled soft robotics, where a tight coupling of the synthetic and biological parts is crucial for efficient function. Finally, we summarize the approaches for enhancing bio-integration with biomimetic micro- and nanostructures.

关键词： bio-integrated device bio-hybrid system biomimetics nano-bio interface

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Lipid reserves and immune defense in healthy and diseased migrating monarchs Danaus plexippus

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Current Zoology 2013年第3期59卷 393-402页

作者： dara A. SATTERFIELD Amy E. WRIGHT Sonia ALTIZER Odum School of Ecology University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Recent studies suggest that the energetic demands of long-distance migration might lower the pool of resources available for costly immune defenses. Moreover, migration could amplify the costs of parasitism if animals suffering from para- site-induced damage or depleted energy reserves are less able to migrate long distances. We investigated relationships between long-distance migration, infection, and immunity in wild fall-migrating monarch butterflies Danaus plexippus. Monarchs migrate annually from eastern North America to central Mexico, accumulating lipids essential for migration and winter survival as they travel southward. Monarchs are commonly infected by the debilitating protozoan parasite Ophryocystis elektroscirrha （OE）. We collected data on lipid reserves, parasite loads, and two immune measures （hemocyte concentration and phenoloxidase activity） from wild monarchs migrating through north GA （USA） to ask whether （1） parasite infection negatively affects lipid reserves, and （2） greater investment in lipid reserves is associated with lower immune measures. Results showed that monarchs sampled later in the fall migration had lower but not significantly different immune measures and significantly higher lipid reserves than those sampled earlier. Lipid measures correlated negatively but only nearly significantly with one measure of immune defense （phenoloxidase activity） in both healthy and infected monarchs, but did not depend on monarch infection status or parasite load. These results provide weak support for a trade-off between energy reserves and immune defense in migrants, and suggest that previously-demonstrated costs of OE infection for monarch migration are not caused by depleted lipid reserves .

关键词： Butterfly Hemocytes Migration Neogregarine Infection Energy reserves

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Resonance-mode effect on piezoelectric microcantilever performance in air,with a focus on the torsional modes

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第2期23卷 481-485页

作者：邱华诚 dara Feili 吴学忠 Helmut Seidel Saarland University Chair of MicromechanicsMicrofluidics/Microactuators66123 Saarbrücken National University of Defense Technology College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation

A high quality factor is preferred for a microresonator sensor to improve the sensitivity and resolution. In this paper we systematically investigate the performance of the microcantilever in different resonance modes, which are the first three flexural modes, the first lateral mode, and the first and the second torsional modes. An aluminum nitride-based piezoelectric cantilever is fabricated and tested under controlled pressure from an ultra-high vacuum to a normal atmosphere, using a custom-built vacuum chamber. From the experiment results, it can be seen that the torsional modes exhibit better quality factors than those of the flexural and lateral ones. Finally, an analytical model for the air damping characteristics of the torsional mode cantilever is derived and verified by comparing with experimental results.

关键词： microcantilever aluminum nitride torsional mode quality factor

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Groundwater vulnerability assessment using a GIS-based DRASTIC method in the Erbil Dumpsite area (Kani Qirzhala), Central Erbil Basin, North Iraq

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 16-33页

作者： Masoud H Hamed Rebwar N dara Marios C Kirlas Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum College of ScienceSalahaddin University-ErbilErbilIraq Department of Petroleum Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbilIraq Department of Agriculture Faculty of AgricultureForestry and Natural EnvironmentAristotle University of Thessaloniki

Groundwater vulnerability assessment is a crucial step in the efficient management of groundwater resources,especially in areas with intensive anthropogenic activities and groundwater *** the present study,the DRASTIC method was applied using Geographic Information System(GIS)to delineate groundwater vulnerability zones in the Erbil Dumpsite area,Central Erbil Basin,North *** showed that the area was classified into four vulnerability classes:Very low(16.97%),low(27.67%),moderate(36.55%)and high(18.81%).The southern,south-eastern and northern parts of the study area exhibited the highest vulnerability potential,while the central-northern,northern and north-western regions displayed the lowest vulnerability ***,results of the single-parameter sensitivity analysis indicated that amongst the seven DRASTIC parameters,the unsaturated zone and the aquifer media were the most influencing *** conclustion,the correlation of 25 nitrate concentration values with the final vulnerability map,assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient,yielded a satisfactory result of R=0.72.

关键词： DRASTIC Erbil Iraq Groundwater vulnerability assessment Nitrate Pollution Sensitivity analysis

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Concept Clarification of Moral Case Deliberation

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Open Journal of Nursing 2018年第6期8卷 390-403页

作者： dara Rasoal School of Health Care and Social Welfare Malardalen University Vasteras Sweden

Background: Health care professionals have encountered ethically difficult situations for decades in their clinical practice. Various clinical ethics support has been established in order to deal with these issues. Moral case deliberation is a new developed approach that deliberates over ethically difficult cases in clinical practice. However, there is lack of knowledge that describes the characteristics of the moral case deliberation and how this differs to related clinical ethics support where a concept analysis may clarify the differences. Aim: To analyse the concept of moral case deliberation and related concepts. Methods: Integrative literature review. Rodger’s evolutionary view of concept analysis has been used for clarification of the concept. Using specific keywords in the databases, searching for peer-reviewed academic paper published in English between 1995-2017 in the CINAHL, MEDLINE, Psych Info, Academic Search Elite and AMED. Results: Moral case deliberation (MCD) was defined as an approach with four specific characteristics: 1) Perspective sharing via dialogue, 2) training moral awareness, 3) moral emotional deliberation, and 4) moral support and joint learning. The presence of a facilitator who is trained in a specific method for the MCD reflection seemed to be important when stimulating the discussion from a patient perspective. Conclusions: Clarify the concept of moral case deliberation can be useful for healthcare professionals when choosing a facilitate-base reflection. Through a mutual dialogue and perspective sharing can MCD train staff members in moral awareness, create a space for emotions to be expressed and finally work as an platform for joint learning.

关键词： Moral Case Deliberation Staff Ethics Healthcare Nursing Concept Analysis

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Overview of key operation factors and strategies for improving fermentative volatile fatty acid production and product regulation from sewage sludge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第1期32卷 93-111页

作者： Wei Fang Xuedong Zhang Panyue Zhang Jijun Wan Hongxiao Guo dara S.M.Ghasimi Xavier Carol Morera Tao Zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Water Management Section Sanitary EngineeringDelft University of TechnologyPO Box 50482600 GA Delftthe Netherlands Department of Civil Engineering University of Kurdistan HewlerErbilKurdistan RegionIraq Institut Quimic de Sarria Uniuersitat Ramon LlullVia Augusta 390E-08017 BarcelonaSpain Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource Environment and EcologyMOEXi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China

In recent years,volatile fatty acid(VFA)production through anaerobic fermentation of sewage sludge,instead of methane production,has been regarded as a high-value and promising roadmap for sludge stabilization and resource *** review first presents the effects of some essential factors that influence VFA production and *** the second part,we present an extensive analysis of conventional pretreatment and co-fermentation strategies ultimately addressed to improving VFA production and ***,the effectiveness of these approaches is summarized in terms of sludge degradation,hydrolysis rate,and VFA production and *** to published studies,it is concluded that some pretreatments such as alkaline and thermal pretreatment are the most effective ways to enhance VFA production from sewage *** possible reasons for the improvement of VFA production by different methods are also ***,this review also highlights several current technical challenges and opportunities in VFA production with spectrum control,and further related research is proposed.

关键词： Sewage sludge Anaerobic digestion VFA production Pretreatment Co-fermentation

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