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Importance of adapted digestion conditions to simulate in vitro lipid digestion of broilers in different life stages

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 151-158页

作者： daphne michels Sarah H.E.Verkempinck Agnese Panozzo Karen Vermeulen marc E.Hendrickx Liesbet Thijs Tara Grauwet Laboratory of Food Technology and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre(LFoRCe) Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems(M2S)KU LeuvenLeuven3001Belgium Kemin Animal Nutrition and Health Kemin Europa N.V.Herentals2200Belgium

In vitro digestion studies demonstrate large potential to gain more and quicker insights into the underlying mechanisms of feed additives,allowing the optimization of feed ***,current in vitro digestion models relevant for broiler chickens lack sufficient description in terms of protocols and standardisation ***,no distinction is made between the different life phases of these animals(starter,grower,and finisher).Hence,our research aimed to establish adapted in vitro digestion conditions,corresponding to the 3 life phases in broilers,with specific focus on lipid *** effect of 3 different bile salt concentrations of 2,10,and 20 mm,and 3 different lipase activities of 5,20,and 100 U/mL,on in vitro lipid digestion kinetics were evaluated using a full factorial *** values were selected to represent starter,grower,and finisher birds,*** findings showed that the extent of lipid digestion was mainly influenced by lipase *** rate of lipid digestion was affected by an interplay between bile salt concentration and lipase activity,due to possible lipase inhibition at certain bile salt ***,this work resulted in 3 in vitro lipid digestion models representative for starter,grower,and finisher *** conclusion,this research showed the impact of adapted in vitro digestion conditions on lipid digestion kinetics and thus the need for these conditions relevant for each life phase of broilers.

关键词： Lipolysis Lipase activity Bile salt In vitro digestion Broiler chicken Emulsion

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Chemical Characterization of Slags from an Old Smelter in Chihuahua, mexico

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Journal of minerals and materials Characterization and Engineering 2022年第6期10卷 461-476页

作者： daphne Espejel-García Vanessa Verónica Espejel-García Alejandro Villalobos-Aragón Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua Chihuahua México

Slag is waste from pyrometallurgical processing, usually stored in stacks or warehouses around or near smelters. Slag research has focused on potential environmental problems associated with slag weathering or processing for secondary metal recovery and/or other uses (construction, landscaping, etc.). Located in northern mexico, the city of Chihuahua has a mining history that dates back to the eighteenth century. A lead smelter located southeast of Chihuahua City;closed in 1997, leaving behind a large pile of slag. In this study, a chemical analysis of smelter slag was carried out. The tailings contain Zn (15 - 35 wt%), Pb (0.5 - 4 wt%), As (0.6 wt%), Sn (888 ppb) and Hg (170 ppb). XRD identified several minerals such as hardystonite (Ca2ZnSi2O7), melanotekite (), kentrolite () and sphalerite (ZnS) in the glass. major elements are present in phases such as monticellite (CamgSiO4), kirschsteinite (CaFe2+SiO4), hedenbergite (CaFe2+Si2O6), babingtonite (Fe2Si3O9), magnetite (Fe3O4), and calcite (CaCO3). Whether the goal is reuse, recycling or remediation, research into the properties of slag and its environmental and health impacts (on vulnerable exposed populations) should continue to be relevant.

关键词： Slag Smelter Contamination Pyrometallurgical Processing

An early-morning gene network controlled by phytochromes and cryptochromes regulates photomorphogenesis pathways in Arabidopsis

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molecular Plant 2021年第6期14卷 983-996页

作者： martin Balcerowicz mahiar mahjoub Duy Nguyen Hui Lan Dorothee Stoeckle Susana Conde Katja E.Jaeger Philip A.Wigge daphne Ezer Sainsbury Laboratory University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Department of Statistics University of WarwickCoventryUK Alan Turing Institute LondonUK Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops(IGZ) 14979 GroßbeerenGermany Institute of Biochemistry and Biology University of PotsdamPotsdamGermany Department of Biology University of YorkYork YO105DDUK Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Central Clinical SchoolUniversity of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia Plant Systems Physiology Institute for Water and Wetland ResearchRadboud UniversityNijmegenthe Netherlands Zhejiang Normal University Wucheng DistrictJinhuaZhejiangChina Department of Plant and microbial Biology University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Light perception at dawn plays a key role in coordinating multiple molecular processes and in entraining the plant circadian *** Arabidopsis mutant lacking the main photoreceptors,however,still shows clock entrainment,indicating that the integration of light into the morning transcriptome is not well *** this study,we performed a high-resolution RNA-sequencing time-series experiment,sampling every 2 min beginning at *** parallel experiments,we perturbed temperature,the circadian clock,photoreceptor signaling,and chloroplast-derived light *** used these data to infer a gene network that describes the gene expression dynamics after light stimulus in the morning,and then validated key *** sampling time points at high density,we are able to identify three light-and temperature-sensitive bursts of transcription factor activity,one of which lasts for only about 8 *** and cryptochrome mutants cause a delay in the transcriptional bursts at dawn,and completely remove a burst of expression in key photomorphogenesis genes(HY5 and BBX family).Our complete network is available online(http://***/∼de656/dawnBurst/***).Taken together,our results show that phytochrome and cryptochrome signaling is required for fine-tuning the dawn transcriptional response to light,but separate pathways can robustly activate much of the program in their absence.

关键词： BBX family cryptochrome dawn HY5 network morning phytochrome transcriptome

Osteoblastic glucocorticoid signaling exacerbates high-fat-diet-induced bone loss and obesity

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Bone Research 2021年第4期9卷 537-548页

作者： Sarah Kim Holger Henneicke Lauryn L.Cavanagh Eugenie macfarlane Lee Joanne Thai daphne Foong Sylvia J.Gasparini Colette Fong-Yee michael m.Swarbrick markus J.Seibel Hong Zhou Bone Research Program ANZAC Research InstituteThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Concord Clinical School The University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Department of medicineⅢ Technische University Dresden Medical CenterDresdenGermany Center for Healthy Aging Technische Universitat Dresden Medical CenterDresdenGermany Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden Technische University DresdenDresdenGermany Department of Endocrinology and metabolism Concord Repatriation General HospitalThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia

Chronic high-fat diet(HFD)consumption not only promotes obesity and insulin resistance,but also causes bone loss through mechanisms that are not well ***,we fed wild-type CD-1 mice either chow or a HFD(43%of energy from fat)for 18 weeks;HFD-fed mice exhibited decreased trabecular volume(-28%)and cortical thickness(-14%)compared to chow-fed *** HFD-fed mice,bone loss was due to reduced bone formation and mineral apposition,without obvious effects on bone *** feeding also increased skeletal expression of sclerostin and caused deterioration of the osteocyte lacunocanalicular network(LCN).In mice fed HFD,skeletal glucocorticoid signaling was activated relative to chow-fed mice,independent of serum corticosterone *** therefore examined whether skeletal glucocorticoid signaling was necessary for HFD-induced bone loss,using transgenic mice lacking glucocorticoid signaling in osteoblasts and osteocytes(HSD2^(OB/OCY)-tg mice).In HSD2^(OB/OCY)-tg mice,bone formation and mineral apposition rates were not suppressed by HFD,and bone loss was significantly ***,in HSD2^(OB/OCY)-tg mice fed HFD,both Wnt signaling(less sclerostin induction,increased Pmatched *** osteocyte LCN remained intact in HFD-fed HSD2^(OB/OCY)-tg *** fed a HFD,HSD2^(OB/OCY)-tg mice also increased their energy expenditure and were protected against obesity,insulin resistance,and ***,glucocorticoid signaling in osteoblasts and osteocytes contributes to the suppression of bone formation in HFD-fed *** glucocorticoid signaling is also an important determinant of glucose uptake in bone,which influences the whole-body metabolic response to HFD.

关键词： glucocorticoid obesity matched

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Volcaniclastic Deposit Analysis Using Grain Size, Digital and Stereological Techniques

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2023年第4期13卷 723-741页

作者： Alberto Rangel-Durán Vanessa Verónica Espejel-García Alejandro Villalobos-Aragón daphne Espejel-García Jorge Lucero-Álvarez Abraham Gilberto mendez-Salas Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua Chihuahua México Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecología Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua Chihuahua México

This study undertook a comprehensive sedimentological and grain-size analysis of two previously uncharacterized volcanoclastic deposits exposed in the northwestern sector of Chihuahua City, mexico. The primary objective was to propose a systematic genetic classification for these deposits, employing traditional sedimentological techniques and an advanced computerized granulometric analysis technique based on orthogonal images to discern their grain size distribution. Through these studies, evidence was sought to classify them genetically, presenting arguments to define them either as a lahar or a volcanic debris avalanche. Results were critically compared against existing literature data pertaining to lahars and debris avalanches, yielding moderate success. The analysis identified one of the deposits as a non-eruptive or post-eruptive lahar. This identification was substantiated by the delineation of distinct overbank and transition facies within the deposit, providing compelling evidence for its genetic classification.

关键词： Volcaniclastic Lahar Avalanche Statistics Chihuahua

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交流访谈及其互动沟通技巧

交流访谈及其互动沟通技巧

2004年

作者：（澳）丹芬尼·m.基茨（daphne m. Keats）等

本书是一本国际心理学大师的著作，涉及范围包含从事科研调查、企业文化、儿童、老年、青年、残疾人、犯罪受害人或证人等各类人群的访谈技术及沟通技巧等。

关键词：人间交往

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跨文化发展心理学的研究方法和新趋势

心理学报 1991年第2期23卷 188-197页

作者：齐茨方富熹澳大利亚纽卡索大学中国科学院心理研究所

本文论述了跨文化发展心理学研究所依据的方法学原则以及当前的研究动向和发展趋势。

关键词：跨文化心理学发展心理学

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Shallow Subsurface Stratigraphy Inferred from the Use of Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) Survey in Central Chihuahua, mexico

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Open Journal of Geology 2019年第1期9卷 15-28页

作者： Alejandro Villalobos-Aragón Vanessa V. Espejel-García daphne Espejel-García Lucio Rivas-Lobera Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua Chihuahua México

Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) provide fast and economical measurements used in geophysical exploration. VES were carried out in El Sauz-Encinillas (ESE) aquifer, in northern mexico, to determine apparent resistivity and geoelectrical units’ thickness. Despite it being one of the three main aquifers feeding Chihuahua city, a lack of available geophysical data prevails in its northern portion. The main goal of this study was the determination of the geoelectrical units in the subsurface stratigraphy via electrical-resistivity soundings. The ESE’ aquifer is located within alluvial Quaternary sediments, with varying granulometry and reaching from a few meters to more than 600 meters of thickness at the center of the valley. Forty-five vertical electrical resistivity soundings (Schlumberger array, maximum AB/2 distance of 500 m) were performed throughout ESE aquifer’s northern portion. Field data were analyzed using software. Results illustrate a wide variability in resistivity values throughout the study area. Five geoelectrical units were identified: 1) a hardpan topsoil, with resistivity values ranging from 200 - 800 Ω-m;2) an alluvial material mixture (sand/silt) with resistivity values ranging from 25 to 100 Ω-m;3) playa lake-type material (clay/evaporites mixture) with resistivity values ranging from 0.2 to 15 Ω-m;4) a gravel/sand mixture with resistivity values from 100 to 300 Ω-m;and 5) a partly fractured rock or conglomeratic material with resistivity values ranging from 400 to 3500 Ω-m. The electrical resistivity data, therefore gives reasonably accurate results that can be used to understand the subsurface stratigraphy and basement configuration in groundwater exploration.

关键词： Geophysics Vertical Electric Soundings Geoelectrical Sections

Groundwater Quality and Its Impact on Health: A Preliminary Evaluation of Dental Fluorosis in Julimes, Chihuahua, mexico

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第7期12卷 545-557页

作者： Aida Verónica Ontiveros-Terrazas Alejandro Villalobos-Aragón Vanessa Verónica Espejel-García daphne Espejel-García Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua Chihuahua México

medical Geology can be defined as the branch of geology dealing with the relationship between natural geological aspects and health in organisms (humans and animals), trying to determine the influence of ordinary environmental factors on the geographical distribution of health issues. The main goals of this research were: 1) to evaluate the severity of dental fluorosis (DF) and fluoride concentration in groundwater, used for human consumption, as an indicator of overexposure to fluorides, 2) to estimate the Community Fluorosis Index (CFI) in the Julimes municipality in Chihuahua, mexico. Nine water samples were collected in four locations in the Julimes area: Hacienda Humboldt, La Regina, Colonia San Jose, and Julimes. Samples were collected and stored in accordance with the mexican standard (NOm-014-SSA1-1993). All the samples exceeded the maximum permissible limit established in the modified mexican standard (NOm-127-SSA1-1994) of 1.5 mgL-1 for fluoride in water for human consumption. Average concentrations of 2.74 mgL-1 were found in Colonia San Jose, 2.19 mgL-1 in La Regina, 2.17 mgL-1 in Julimes and 2.06 mgL-1 in Hacienda Humboldt. Dental Fluorosis diagnosis was evaluated using the Dean Index and the CFI applied to residents. A total of 100 inhabitants were examined, with interviews and oral examinations also carried out. Dental Fluorosis prevalence was 92% overall for the municipality, while for Colonia San Jose was of 100%, of 88.89% for Hacienda Humboldt, 88.24% for Julimes and 96% for La Regina. Dental Fluorosis’ severity for the Julimes municipality was distributed as follows: 2% normal, 6% questionable, 8% very mild, 13% mild, 19% moderate, and 52% severe. An average CFI was found for the four localities of 3.02 points, with a very notable impact on public health.

关键词： Dental Fluorosis Dean Index Community Fluorosis Index Chihuahua