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Clinical Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of the Phytomedicine APIVIRINE Based on Aqueous Extracts of Dichrostachys glomerata (Forssk.). Chiov. (D. cinerea) in COVID-19 Patients without Signs of Severity

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2023年第6期14卷 302-318页

作者： daouda ouédraogo Grissoum Tarnagda Jean Claude Romaric Pingdwindé ouédraogo Amed Héma Simon Tiendrebéogo Salfo ouédraogo Geoffroy Gueswindé ouédraogo Lazare Belemnaba Noufou ouédraogo Félix Dit Bondo Kini Zékiba Tarnagda Martial ouédraogo Sylvin ouédraogo Service de Pneumologie/Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado ouédraogo (CHU-YO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (IRSS/CNRST) Ouaga-dougou Burkina Faso

Background: Since the appearance of the COVID-19 pandemic, several drugs have also been proposed for the treatment of the COVID-19, but the therapeutic effectiveness of those drugs is not satisfactory. This situation has led to the search for therapeutic solutions based on recipes from traditional medicine. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical safety, efficacy and tolerability of the phytomedicine APIVIRINE in patients with non-severe COVID-19. Methods: Patients were included following defined criteria and followed on an outpatient basis until recovery in accordance with national guidelines for the management of single cases of COVID-19 in Burkina Faso. Vital signs, anthropometric parameters as well as electrocardiographic, hematological and biochemical examinations were measured on D4, D7, D14 and D21. Adverse events were recorded during maintenance. Results: The present study included 45 patients. The clinical signs present at inclusion were mostly cough (44.44%), asthenia (42.22%), headache (40%), and anosmia (35.55%). Dyspnoea and chest pain were less represented in 05 (11.11%) and 06 (13.33%) patients. Cough, dyspnoea, chest pain, fever, sore throat, headache, and nasal obstruction present at inclusion disappeared before Day 4 of treatment. Anosmia and asthenia disappeared before Day 7. At the inclusion visit (Day 1), CRP, WBC, and blood glucose were abnormal in 15 (33.33%), 13 (28.89%), and 11 (24.44%) patients respectively. In addition, 3 (6.66%) patients had elevated creatinine levels. Transaminases Alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) were elevated in 05 (11.11%) patients while Aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) was elevated in 04 (8.89%) patients. After 4 days of treatment, the cure rate was 33.33% of patients and 48.89% after 7 days. The cumulative cure rate was 86.67% after 14 days of treatment. Conclusion: No serious side effects or allergic reactions were observed during treatment. No clinical complications were observed and all symptoms present r

关键词： APIVIRINE COVID-19 Clinical Study Safety

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Comprehensive Analysis of CuIn1-xGaxSe2Based Solar Cells with Zn1-yMgyO Buffer Layer

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2020年第12期11卷 880-892页

作者： Soumaïla ouédraogo Marcel Bawindsom Kébré Ariel Teyou Ngoupo daouda oubda François Zougmoré Laboratoire de Matériaux et Environnement (LA.M.E)-UFR/SEA Université Joseph Ki-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Département de Physique Faculté des Sciences Université de Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroun

The development of cadmium-free CIGS solar cells with high conversion efficiency is crucial due to the toxicity of cadmium. Zinc-based buffer layers seem to be the most promising. In this paper, a numerical analysis using SCAPS-1D software was used to explore the Zn(Mg,O) layer as an alternative to the toxic CdS layer. The effect of several properties such as thickness, doping, Mg concentration of the Zn(Mg,O) layer on the current-voltage parameters was explored and their optimal values were proposed. The simulation results reveal that the optimal value of the ZMO layer thickness is approximately 40 nm, the doping at 1017 cm-3 and an Mg composition between 0.15 and 0.2. In addition, the effect of Gallium (Ga) content in the absorber as well as the Zn(Mg,O)/CIGS interface properties on the solar cell’s performance was examined. The results show that contrary to the CdS buffer layer, the best electrical characteristics of the ZMO/CIGS heterojunction are obtained using a Ga-content equal to 0.4 and high interface defect density or unfavorable band alignment may be the causes of poor performances of Zn(Mg,O)/CIGS solar cells in the case of low and high Mg-contents.

关键词： Device Modeling Zn(Mg O) Cu(In Ga)Se2 Interface Sates Conduction Band Offset

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Required CIGS and CIGS/Mo Interface Properties for High-Efficiency Cu(In, Ga)Se2Based Solar Cells

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2020年第7期10卷 151-166页

作者： Soumaïla ouédraogo Marcel Bawindsom Kébré Ariel Teyou Ngoupo daouda oubda François Zougmoré Jean-Marie Ndjaka Laboratoire de Matériaux et Environnement (LA.M.E)− UFR/SEA Université Joseph Ki-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Département de Physique Faculté des Sciences Université de Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroun

In this work, we have modeled and simulated the electrical performance of CIGS thin-film solar cell using one-dimensional simulation software (SCAPS-1D). Starting from a baseline model that reproduced the experimental results, the properties of the absorber layer and the CIGS/Mo interface have been explored, and the requirements for high-efficiency CIGS solar cell were proposed. Simulation results show that the band-gap, acceptor density, defect density are crucial parameters that affect the performance of the solar cell. The best conversion efficiency is obtained when the absorber band-gap is around 1.2 eV, the acceptor density at 1016 cm−3 and the defect density less than 1014 cm−3. In addition, CIGS/Mo interface has been investigated. It appears that a thin MoSe2 layer reduces recombination at this interface. An improvement of 1.5 to 2.5 mA/cm2 in the current density (Jsc) depending on the absorber thickness is obtained.

关键词： Cu(In Ga)Se2 Band-Gap Acceptor Density Defect Density Mo/CIGS-Interface

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Influence of Defect Density, Band Gap Discontinuity and Electron Mobility on the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2023年第8期13卷 151-160页

作者： Issiaka Sankara Soumaïla ouédraogo daouda oubda Boureima Traoré Marcel Bawindsom Kébré Adama Zongo François Zougmoré Département de Physique Laboratoire de Matériaux et Environnement (LA.M. E)-UFR/SEA Université Joseph Ki-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

In this manuscript, we used the SCAPS-1D software to perform numerical simulations on a perovskite solar cell. These simulations were used to study the influence of certain parameters on the electrical behavior of the cell. We have shown in this study that electron mobility is strongly influenced by the thickness of the absorber, since electron velocity is reduced by thickness. The influence of the defect density shows that above 1016 cm-3 all the electrical parameters are affected by the defects. The band discontinuity at the interface generally plays a crucial role in the charge transport phenomenon. The importance of this study is to enable the development of good quality perovskite solar cells, while taking into account the parameters that limit solar cell performance.

关键词： Defect Density Electron Mobility Band Gap Perovskite SCAPS-1D Software

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Effect of Defects at the Buffer Layer CdS/Absorber CIGS Interface on CIGS Solar Cell Performance

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2023年第4期13卷 289-300页

作者： Boureima Traoré Soumaïla ouédraogo Marcel Bawindsom Kébré daouda oubda Issiaka Sankara Adama Zongo François Zougmoré Laboratoire de Matériaux et Environnement (LA.M.E)-UFR/SEA Département de Physique Université Joseph Ki-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This scientific paper presents a study investigating the effects of defects at the CdS/CIGS and CdS/SDL interfaces on the performance of CIGS solar cells. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of defects at the interface between the CdS buffer layer and the CIGS absorber, as well as the surface defect layer (SDL), on CIGS solar cell performance. The study explores three key aspects: the impact of the conduction band offset (CBO) at the CdS/CIGS interface, the effects of interface defects and defect density on performance, and the combined influence of CBO and defect density at the CdS/ SDL and SDL/CIGS interfaces. For interface defects not exceeding 1013 cm-2, we obtained a good efficiency of 22.9% when -0.1 eV analyzing the quality of CdS/SDL and SDL/CIGS junctions, it appears that defects at the SDL/CIGS interface have very little impact on the performances of the CIGS solar cell. By optimizing the electrical parameters of the CdS/SDL interface defects, we achieved a conversion efficiency of 23.1% when -0.05 eV < CBO < 0.05 eV.

关键词： Numerical Simulation CdS/CIGS Interface Interface Defects Conduction Band Offset (CBO) Surface Defect Layer (SDL)

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Renewable Energies in Africa, Context and Socio-Economic Challenge

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第11期12卷 1856-1872页

作者： daouda oubda Soumaïla ouédraogo Alain Diasso Marcel Bawindsom Kébré François Zougmoré Zacharie Koalga Frédéric ouattara LA.M.E (Laboratoire de Matériaux et Environnement) UFR-SEA (Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées) Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso LA.R.E.M.E (Laboratoire de Recherche en Energétique et Météorologie de l’Espace) Université Norbert Zongo Koudougou Burkina Faso

In this paper, we have shown that Africa has an enormous wealth of renewable energy resources among the most important in the world such as the strong sunshine, Congo and Nile Rivers respectively among the most powerful and the longest in the world. We have underlined the presence of important forests, rich subsoil in mineral elements, and strong winds. In addition to a rapidly growing human capital, Africa, therefore, has at its disposal all the factors enabling it to initiate sustainable and inclusive socio-economic development. We have shown that the transformation of these renewable energies is an opportunity for Africa to reach its socio-economic challenges. The development of renewable energies in Africa will be a source of many financial benefits and advantages both in terms of improving living conditions and carrying out activities. The electrical supply of rural areas of Africa represents a considerable issue, which can be a propellant factor in long-term socio-economic development if the conditions of use of clean fuel and cooking technologies, especially sanitary are taken into account. The provision of modern energy services can contribute to the creation of jobs for young people upstream. Among other things, we can note the development of local skills, the creation of income-generating activities, and the improvement of hygiene and health measures which are necessary conditions for family and social well-being. This requires a policy focused, on research in general and in particular on semiconductors that participate in the transformation of photovoltaic solar energy. We have stressed that Africa which is currently experiencing a period of economic growth and sustained transformation must be very looking at in its energy policy and give pride of place to renewable energies to initiate sustainable socio-economic development, equitable and inclusive different social strata both in rural areas and urban areas.

关键词： Africa Renewable Energy Photovoltaic Solar Energy Semiconductor Socio-Economic Urban Area Rural Area

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High Performance for Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ Quaternary System-Based Solar Cells with Alternative Buffer Layers

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2022年第9期12卷 207-219页

作者： daouda oubda Marcel Bawindsom Kébré Soumaïla ouédraogo Alain Diasso François Zougmoré Zacharie Koalga Frédéric ouattara Laboratoire de Matériaux et Environnement (LA.M.E)-UFR/SEA Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche en Energétique et Météorologie de l’Espace (LA.R.E.M.E) Université Norbert Zongo Koudougou Burkina Faso

In this study, the authors investigated the performance of different buffer layers through the electrical parameters such as Jsc, Voc, QE and η of the quaternary system Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells. The performance of Cu(In,Ga)Se2solar cells has been modeled and numerically simulated by using the SCAPS- 1D device simulation tool. The cells with a ZnSe, Zn(O,S) and (Zn,Mg)O buffer layers were compared with the reference CdS buffer layer. The investigation of ZnSe, Zn(O, S) and (Zn,Mg)O-based cells to substitute the traditional CdS in the future shows that the ZnSe-buffer layer is a potential material to replace CdS, which revealed the best efficiency of 20.76%, the other electrical parameters are: JSC = 34.6 mA/cm2, VOC = 0.76 V and FF = 79.6%. The losses as a function of the temperature are estimated at 0.1%/K, among all kinds of buffer layers studied. We have also shown that the use of a high band-gap buffer layer is necessary to obtain a better short-circuit current density JSC. From our results, we note that the chalcogenide solar cells with Zn-based alternative buffer layer have almost the same stability thatthe traditional CdS buffer layer solar cells have.

关键词： Thin Film Solar Cells CIGS Absorber Alternative Buffer Layers SCAPS-1D Electrical Parameters

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Optimization of Mo/Cu(In,Ga)Se2/CdS/ZnO Hetero-Junction Solar Cell Performance by Numerical Simulation with SCAPS-1D

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材料科学与工程（中英文B版） 2021年第4期11卷 156-167页

作者： Adama Zongo daouda oubda Soumaïla ouédraogo Marcel Bawindsom Kébré Alain Diasso Issiaka Sankara Boureima Traore François Zougmoré Zacharie Koalga Frédéric ouattara LA.M.E(Laboratoire de Matériaux et Environnement) UFR-SEA(Unitéde Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées)Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies UniversitéJoseph KI-ZERBOOuaga 03 BP 7021Burkina Faso LA.R.E.M.E(Laboratoire de Recherche en Energétique et Météorologie de l’Espace) Ecole Doctorale Sciences et TechnologiesUniversitéNorbert ZongoKoudougou BP 376Burkina Faso

The paper presents a one-dimensional simulation study of chalcopyrite Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS)solar cells,where the effects of the variation of CIGS,CdS,and ZnO layers are *** the influence of the variation of doping and the defects density of shallow uniform donors and acceptors types are also *** analyse of the simulation results shows that recombination inside the space charge region(SCR)decrease more our CIGS solar cell model *** also found that the electrical parameters increase with increasing CIGS absorber doping density exception of JSC values that reach their maximum at 1016cm-3 and decrease due to recombination of charge carriers in the p-n junction particularly the recombination inside the *** also stressed the fact that the effects of shallow uniforme donor density is very low on the performance of our CIGS solar cell model is important because it will allow to control the width of space charge region from shallow uniform acceptors defect density that has a strong influence on the different electrical ***,good optimization of performance of the CIGS-based solar cell necessarily passes though a good control of the space charge region width and will constitute a boosting perspective for the preparation of our next *** contact that the results obtained of the numerical simulation with SCAPS-1D show a good agreement comparatively of the literature *** simulation of our CIGS solar cell presents best performances if the values of the absorber layer thickness is in the range of 0.02 to 0.03μm,the buffer layer thickness is in the range of 0.02 to 0.06μm and the defects density of shallow uniform acceptors types is in the range of 1015 to 1017cm-3.

关键词： Numerical simulation SCAPS-1D CIGS solar cell shallow uniform donors and acceptors defect density

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Alternate phenotype–genotype selection for developing superior high-yielding irrigated rice lines

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The Crop Journal 2018年第2期6卷 191-201页

作者： Yonnelle Dea Moukoumbi Raafat El-Namaky Koffi Djaman daouda Mbodj Baboucarr Manneh Irrigated Rice Breeding Unit Africa Rice Center(Africa Rice)Sahel Regional StationBP 96 Saint LouisSenegal National Institute of Agricultural Research Gros bouquetPMB 16169LibrevilleGabon Rice Research&Training Center(RRTC) 33717 Sakha Kafr SheikhEgypt

Increase grain yield potential is one of the most important objectives of any cereal crop breeding program. To efficiently develop superior rice lines by the introgression of favorable alleles for yield and yield component traits, a strategy of alternate phenotype–genotype selection was used. The present study aimed to(i) investigate the allelic diversity of loci associated with major yield-component traits and(ii) phenotype and genotype advanced populations derived from crosses between NERICA-L-20 and Giza178 for yield component traits using agro-morphological descriptors and GRi SP polymorphic markers to select superior high-yielding rice lines. A total of 100 F2:3 progeny were selected from 1000 F2 plants and genotyped with 16 polymorphic markers linked to four major yield-component traits. Four promising F2:3 lines(ARS 563–14, ARS 563–62, ARS 563–286, and ARS 563–41)bearing combinations of desirable alleles were selected. A selected set of 20 F2:4 lines showed moderate to high heritability for all target traits. Fourteen F2:5 lines derived from ARS 563–14 and 17 F2:5 from ARS 563–286 families were evaluated in preliminary trials to estimate yield gain. The three top lines, ARS 563–286–16-1-1, ARS 563–286–5-1-1, and ARS563–14–10-1-1, showed an increase of more than 10% grain yield over the best check, Sahel108, which is widely cultivated in the Senegal River valley. The 16 markers linked to the target yield component traits can be used to fast-track breeding programs targeting rice productivity.

关键词： Marker Rice Pedigree selection Yield

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Getting the Story Straight

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ChinAfrica 2014年第5期6卷 36-37页

作者： daouda Cissé the Center for Chinese Studies Stellenbosch University

QUESTIONS around China＇s Involvement in Africa arise in almost all spheres of debates or discus-sions in Europe and the United States. be it in the media, academia or other areas. There is hardly any positive coverage of the nature of China-Africa relations across different sectors of engagements： economic cooperation （trade and investment）, development cooperation （devel- opment assistance）, education or labor. Naturally, some challenges exist in all of the continent＇s engagements with the world. Yet, before China＇s growing presence in Africa,

关键词： Getting the Story Straight

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