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Evaluation of common bean(phaseolus vulgaris L.)genotypes for drought stress adaptation in Ethiopia

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The Crop Journal 2016年第5期4卷 367-376页

作者： Kwabena Darkwa daniel Ambachew Hussein Mohammed Asrat Asfaw Matthew W.Blair College of Agriculture Hawassa University International potato Center (CIp) Southern Agricultural Research Institute Tennessee State University International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Drought stress linked with climate change is one of the major constraints faced by common bean farmers in Africa and elsewhere. Mitigating this constraint requires the selection of resilient varieties that withstand drought threats to common bean *** study assessed the drought response of 64 small red-seeded genotypes of common bean grown in a lattice design replicated twice under contrasting moisture regimes,terminal drought stress and non-stress, in Ethiopia during the dry season from November2014 to March 2015. Multiple plant traits associated with drought were assessed for their contribution to drought adaptation of the genotypes. Drought stress determined by a drought intensity index was moderate(0.3). All the assessed traits showed significantly different genotypic responses under drought stress and non-stress conditions. Eleven genotypes significantly(p ≤ 0.05) outperformed the drought check cultivar under both drought stress and non-stress conditions in seed yielding potential. Seed yield showed positive and significant correlations with chlorophyll meter reading, vertical root pulling resistance force, number of pods per plant, and seeds per pod under both soil moisture regimes, indicating their potential use in selection of genotypes yielding well under drought stress and non-stress conditions. Clustering analysis using Mahalanobis distance grouped the genotypes into four groups showing high and significant inter-cluster distance, suggesting that hybridization between drought-adapted parents from the groups will provide the maximum genetic recombination for drought tolerance in subsequent generations.

关键词： Climate resilient varieties Correlation analysis Drought-adapted common bean genotypes Multiple adaptive traits

Do I need to see a urologist for my vasectomy?A comparison of practice patterns between urologists and family medicine physicians

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第6期21卷 540-543页

作者： Natasza M posielski daniel D Shapiro Xing Wang Brian V Le Department of Urology University of WisconsinMadisonWl 53705USA Department of Biostatistics University of WisconsinMadisonWl 53705USA.

Urologists perform the majority of vasectomies in the United States;however,family medicine physicians(FMps)perform up to 35%.We hypothesized that d iff ere nces exist in practice patterns and outcomes between urologists and *** nts who underwent a vasectomy from 2010 to 2016 were *** semen analysis(pVSA)practices were compared between urologists and FMps,before and after release of the 2012 AUA vasectomy *** 2010 to 2016,FMps performed 1435(35.1%)of all *** follow-up rates were similar between the two groups(63.4%vs 64.8%,p=0.18).Of the patients with follow-up,the median number of pVSAs obtained was 1(range 1-6)in both groups(p=0.22).Following the release of guidelines,fewer urologists obtained multiple pVSAs(69.8%vs 28.9%pre-and post-2012,pps had a significant but lesser change in the use of multiple pVSAs(47.5%vs 38.4%,pps made appropriate changes in the timing of the first pVSA,but FMps continued to obtain pVSAs before 8 weeks(15.0%vs 6.5%,pps had a higher rate of positive results in pVSAs obtained after 8 weeks,the earliest recommended by the AUA guidelines(4.1%vs 1.3%,ppVSA utilization between FMps and urologists were identified and were impacted by the release of AUA guidelines in *** summary,FMps obtained multiple pVSAs more frequently and continued to obtain pVSAs prior to the 8-week recommendation,suggesting less penetration of AUA guidelines to nonurology ***,FMps had more positive results on pVSAs obtained within the recommended window.

关键词： evidence-based practice family practice semen analysis urologist vasectomy

Risk stratification prior to major hepatectomy

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第5期13卷 898-900页

作者： daniel C.Osei-Bordom Robert p.Sutcliffe Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth HospitalBirminghamUK

post-hepatectomy liver failure(pHLF)is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening complication after major hepatic *** mild cases of pHLF are self-limiting,clinically significant pHLF[International Study Group of Liver Surgery(ISGLS)grades B or C]may be associated with multi-organ failure and sepsis and carries a high *** is no proven treatment for pHLF,and its management is essentially supportive,including timely diagnosis and treatment of septic or vascular complications and organ support for associated renal,respiratory or cardiovascular *** the absence of any evidence-based interventions that may improve pHLF outcomes,liver surgeons have focussed on preoperative risk assessment and development of risk mitigation *** dominant risk factors for pHLF are extent of resection and background liver function,which have been incorporated into several risk scores(1,2).patients who undergo resection or four or more segments(i.e.,right hemihepatectomy or extended left/right hemihepatectomy)or those with underlying liver disease(e.g.,fibrosis,cirrhosis or chemotherapy-associated liver disease)are at particular risk of pHLF.

关键词： prediction models liver resections post-hepatectomy liver failure(pHLF)

Effects of a remote,YouTube-delivered exercise intervention on young adults’physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic:Randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第2期11卷 145-156,I0002页

作者： daniel J.McDonough Melina A.Helgeson Wenxi Liu Zan Gao School of Kinesiology University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMN 55455USA Carlson School of Management University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMN 55455USA

Background:public health guidelines have called for innovative and flexible physical activity(pA)intervention strategies to promote pA and health amid the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)***,this study’s purpose was to examine the effects of a home-based,YouTube-delivered pA intervention grounded in self-determination theory on young adults’free-living pA,sedentary behavior,and sleep quality(NCT04499547).Methods:Sixty-four young adults(48 females;age=22.8±3.4 years,mean±SD;body mass index=23.1±2.6 kg/m^(2))were randomized(1:1)into the intervention group,which received weekly aerobic and muscle-strengthening pA videos,or control group,which received weekly general health education videos,for 12 *** primary outcome was free-living moderate-to-vigorous pA(MVpA)and our secondary outcomes were sedentary behavior,light pA,and sleep quality(measured using ActiGraph accelerometers)along with muscle-strengthening pA frequency,self-determination theory-related motivation(non-regulation,external regulation,introjected regulation,identified regulation,integrated regulation,and intrinsic regulation),and perceived pA barriers(assessed using validated questionnaires).Repeated measures analysis of variances(ANOVAs)examined between-group differences at an adjusted significance level of 0.004 and effect sizes as partial eta-squared(η;).Results:We observed statistically significant interaction effects for MVpA,sleep efficiency,muscle-strengthening pA frequency,non-regulation,integrated regulation,intrinsic regulation,and perceived pA barriers(F(1,62)=10.75-77.67,pp)^(2)=0.15-0.56)with all outcomes favoring the intervention *** observed no statistically significant differences in either group for sedentary behavior,light pA,sleep duration,or external,introjected,and identified regulations after 12 weeks(F(1,62)=1.11-3.64,p=0.06-0.61).Conclusion:With national COVID-19 restrictions still in place and uncertainty regarding post-pandemic pA envir

关键词： High-intensity interval training Resistance-training Self-determination theory Social media Video

Nest site selection and reproductive parameters of the threatened Atlantic Royal Flycatcher(Onychorhynchus swainsoni)and their significance for conservation

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Avian Research 2021年第1期12卷 63-75页

作者： daniel F.perrella paulo V.Q.Zima Mercival R.Francisco programa de pós-Graduacao em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais Universidade Federal de SaCarlosWashington Luiz km 235SaCarlos 13565-905Brazil Departamento de Ciências Ambientais Universidade Federal de SaCarlosRod.Joao Leme dos Santos km 110Sorocaba 18052-780Brazil

Background:patterns of rarity can be explained by reproductive rates,levels of endemism,and habitat specificity,and knowledge on these parameters is important to understand the levels of vulnerability of each species and to formulate conservation ***,we studied nest-site selection and breeding biology of the Atlantic Royal Flycatcher(Onychorhynchus swainsoni),a poorly known vulnerable bird endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic ***:We addressed nest site selection in three different levels:first,we searched for nests near and far from water to investigate whether birds could select water proximities to construct nests;second,we examined if they could select certain streams in detriment of others,and we analyzed the characteristics of used and non-used streams,and third,in streams in which nests were found,we addressed nest site selectivity by comparing a number of parameters between nest sites and random ***,we provide information on breeding biology parameters related to annual ***:During five breeding seasons,we found 23 nests in a well-preserved forest *** of the nests were constructed above water,and they were found in streams that were about 4 m in width,instead of smaller streams with about 1.5 m in *** analyses revealed that within the used streams,nests were constructed in sites with lower vegetation density in relation to random points,while stream width,water speed,and canopy cover presented no significant *** Royal Flycatchers in our study had a 22-day incubation period and 24 to 27-day nestling *** nest survival was comparatively high(62%),but clutch size was small(N=2 eggs)and Along the nesting streams,we found an average of 1.62±0.07 breeding pairs/***:These data suggest that nesting habitat specificity and low annual fecundity are among the factors contributing to the rarity of the Atlantic Royal Flycatcher in large forest continuums and to its absenc

关键词： Atlantic Forest Birds Breeding biology Daily survival rate Endangered species Specialized bird species

Effects of supplements differing in fatty acid profile to late gestational beef cows on cow performance,calf growth performance,and mRNA expression of genes associated with myogenesis and adipogenesis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第4期12卷 1483-1497页

作者： Taoqi Shao Frank A.Ireland Joshua C.McCann daniel W.Shike Department of Animal Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaILUSA

Background:Maternal nutrition during gestation affects fetal development,which has long-term programming effects on offspring postnatal growth *** a critical role in protein and lipid metabolism,essential fatty acids can influence the development of muscle and adipose *** experiment investigated the effects of late gestation supplements(77 d prepartum),either rich in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids(CON;155 g/cow/d EnerGII)or polyunsaturated fatty acids(pUFA;80 g/cow/d Strata and 80 g/cow/d prequel),on cow performance and subsequent calf growth performance as well as mRNA expression in longissimus muscle(LM)and subcutaneous adipose tissue at birth and ***:There was no difference(p≥0.34)in cow body weight(BW)or body condition score from presupplementation through *** concentrations of C18:3n-3 and C20:4n-6 decreased(p≤0.05)to a greater extent from mid-supplementation to calving for pUFA compared with CON *** plasma C20:0,C20:5n-3,and C22:6n-3 were increased(p≤0.01)in pUFA during supplementation *** birth,pUFA steers had greater(p=0.01)plasma C20:*** differences(p≥0.33)were detected in steer birth BW or dam milk production,however,CON steers tended(p=0.06)to have greater pre-weaning average daily gain and had greater(p=0.05)weaning BW compared with *** mRNA expression in steers:MYH7 and C/EBpβin LM increased(p≤0.04)to a greater extent from birth to weaning for pUFA compared with CON;MYF5 in LM and C/EBpβin adipose tissue tended(p≤0.08)to decrease more from birth to weaning for CON compared with pUFA;SCD in pUFA adipose tissue tended(p=0.08)to decrease to a greater extent from birth to weaning than *** addition,maternal pUFA supplementation tended(p=0.08)to decrease MYOG mRNA expression in LM and decreased(p=0.02)ZFp423 in adipose tissue during the pre-weaning ***:Late gestation pUFA supplementation decreased pre-weaning growth performance of the subsequent steer progeny compared

关键词： Beef cattle Fatty acids Fetal programming Late gestation mRNA expression

Hydrogels for neuroprotection and functional rewiring: a new era for brain engineering

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第5期15卷 783-789页

作者： Rocío Fernández-Serra Rebeca Gallego paloma Lozano daniel González-Nieto Center for Biomedical Technology Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. MadridSpain Departamento de Tecnología Fotónica y Bioingeniería ETSI TelecomunicacionesUniversidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) MadridSpain

The neurological devastation of neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases reinforces our perseverance to find advanced treatments to deal with these fatal ***-performance preclinical results have failed at clinical level,as it has been the case for a wide variety of neuroprotective agents and cell-based therapies employed to treat high prevalent brain pathologies such as stroke,Alzheimer’s and parkinson’s *** unquestionable reality is the current absence of effective therapies to neuroprotect the brain,to arrest neurodegeneration and rewire the impaired brain *** of the problem might arise from the lack of adequate in vitro and in vivo models and that most of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not yet *** contributing factor is the lack of efficient systems to sustain drug release at therapeutic concentrations and enhance the survival and function of grafted cells in transplantation *** medical applications the use of biomaterials of different compositions and formats has experienced a boom in the last *** the greater complexity of central nervous system has probably conditioned their extensive use with respect to other organs,the number of biomaterials-based applications to treat the injured brain or in the process of being damaged has grown ***-based biomaterials have constituted a turning point in the treatment of cerebral disorders using a new form of advanced *** show mechanical properties in the range of cerebral tissue resulting very suitable for local implantation of drugs and *** is also possible to fabricate three-dimensional hydrogel constructs with adaptable mesh size to facilitate axonal guidance and *** this article,we review the current trends in this area highlighting the positive impact of hydrogel-based biomaterials over the exhaustive control of drug delivery,cell engraftment and axonal reinnervation in brain p

关键词： advanced therapies Alzheimer’s disease biomaterials brain hydrogels neurological diseases parkinson’s disease polymers stroke

prioritizing woody species for the rehabilitation of arid lands in western Iran based on soil properties and carbon sequestration

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第4期12卷 640-652页

作者： Masoud BAZGIR Reza OMIDIpOUR Mehdi HEYDARI Nasim ZAINALI Masoud HAMIDI daniel C DEY Department of Water and Soil Engineering Faculty of AgricultureIlam UniversityIlam ***Iran Department of Range and Watershed Management Faculty of Natural Resource and Earth ScienceShahrekord UniversityShahrekord ***Iran Department of Forestry Faculty of AgricultureIlam UniversityIlam ***Iran US Forest Service Northern Research StationColumbiaOM 65211USA

plants are an important component in many natural ecosystems. They influence soil properties, especially in arid ecosystems. The selection of plant species based on their adaptations to site conditions is essential for rehabilitation of degraded sites and other construction sites such as check-dams. Other factors to be considered in species selection include their effects on soil properties and their abilities to meet other management objectives. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of native(populus euphratica Oliv. and Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb.) and introduced(Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. and prosopis juliflora(Swartz) DC.) woody species on soil properties and carbon sequestration(CS) in an arid region of Iran. Soil sampling was collected at three soil depths(0–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm) at the sites located under each woody species canopy and in an open area in 2017. Soil physical-chemical property was analyzed in the laboratory. The presence of a woody species changed soil characteristics and soil CS, compared with the open area. For example, the presence of a woody species caused a decrease in soil bulk density, of which the lowest value was observed under E. camaldulensis(1.38 g/cm^3) compared with the open area(1.59 g/cm^3). Also, all woody species significantly increased the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen, and introduced species had more significant effect than native species. The results showed that CS significantly increased under the canopy of all woody species in a decreasing order of p. euphratica(9.08 t/hm^2)>E. camaldulensis(8.37 t/hm^2)>p. juliflora(5.20 t/hm^2)>T. ramosissima(2.93 t/hm^2)>open area(1.33 t/hm^2), thus demonstrating the positive effect of a woody species on CS. Although the plantation of non-native species had some positive effects on soil properties, we recommend increasing species diversity in plantations of native and introduced woody species to provide more diversity for the increased ecosystem

关键词： arid ecosystem carbon sequestration degraded soil restoration reforestation soil management

Understanding celiac disease monitoring patterns and outcomes after diagnosis:A multinational,retrospective chart review study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第20期27卷 2603-2614页

作者： Knut EA Lundin Ciaran p Kelly David S Sanders Kristina Chen Sheena Kayaniyil Sisi Wang Rajvi J Wani Caitlin Barrett Shakira Yoosuf Ellen S pettersen Robert Sambrook daniel A Leffler K.G.Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre University of OsloOslo 0450Norway Department of Gastroenterology Oslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOslo 0372Norway Celiac Center Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Celiac Research Program Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115United States Royal Hallamshire Hospital University of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUnited Kingdom Takeda pharmaceuticals International Co. CambridgeMA 02139United States Real World Evidence Strategy and Analytics ICON plc.TorontoON L7N 3G2Canada Real World Evidence Strategy and Analytics ICON plc.VancouverBC V6B 1P1Canada

BACKGROUND Long-term outcomes and monitoring patterns in real-world practice are largely unknown among patients with celiac *** To understand patterns of follow-up and management of patients with celiac disease,and to characterize symptoms and villous atrophy after *** A retrospective chart review study was performed using medical chart data of patients diagnosed with celiac *** gastroenterology referral centers,with substantial expertise in celiac disease,participated in the United Kingdom,United States,and *** and clinical data were collected from medical *** analyses were conducted on patients with biopsyconfirmed celiac disease,diagnosed between 2008 and 2012,with at least one follow-up visit before December 31,*** demographic and clinical characteristics,biopsy/serology tests and results,symptoms,and comorbidities were captured at diagnosis and for each clinic visit occurring within the study period(i.e.,before the study end date of December 31,2017).RESULTS A total of 300 patients were included in this study[72%female;mean age at diagnosis:38.9 years,standard deviation(SD)17.2].patients were followed-up for a mean of 29.9 mo(SD 22.1)and there were,on average,three follow-up visits per patient during the study *** two-thirds(68.4%)of patients were recorded as having ongoing gastrointestinal symptoms and 11.0%had ongoing symptoms and enteropathy during *** 80%of patients were referred to a dietician at least once during the follow-up ***(50.0%)of the patients underwent at least one follow-up duodenal biopsy and 36.6%had continued villous *** of monitoring varied between *** were conducted more frequently in Norway and patients in the United States had a longer follow-up *** This real-world study demonstrates variable follow-up of patients with celiac disease despite most patients continuing to have abnormal histology

关键词： Celiac disease Outcomes research Endoscopy Real-world General practice Villous atrophy